Ancient Spartans Ancient Spartans Aeimnestus was a Spartan Soldier, famous because he killed the leader Mardonius, as told in book 9 of The History by Herodotus. In the Messenian war he fought a battle with but three hundred men against the whole forces of Messenians, and he perished together with the three hundred men. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aeimnestus"
Amompharetus (son of Poliadas) was a Spartan company commander at the Battle of Plataea. ...more on Wikipedia about "Amompharetus"
Antalcidas was a Spartan soldier and diplomat, the son of Leon. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antalcidas"
Arachidamia was a Spartan princess. She was the captain of a group of female soldiers who fought Pyrrhus during his siege of Lacedemon in the third century B.C.E. ...more on Wikipedia about "Arachidamia"
A Spartan warrior, one of the Three Hundred sent to the Battle of Thermopylae. Along with a comrade, Eurytus, Aristodemus was stricken with an eye infection. King Leonidas ordered the two to return home before the battle, but Eurytus turned back, though blind, and met his end charging into the fray. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aristodemus (Spartan)"
Brasidas (d. 422 BC) was a Spartan officer during the first decade of the Peloponnesian War. ...more on Wikipedia about "Brasidas"
Chilon of Sparta or Chilo of Sparta was a Lacedaemonian, son of Damagetus and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. As an ephor he strengthened that position in Sparta. It is recorded that he composed verses in elegiac metre to the number of two hundred. Chilon was also the first person who introduced the custom of joining the ephors to the kings as their counselors, though Satyrus attributes this institution to Lycurgus. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chilon of Sparta"
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Clearchus, the son of Rhamphias, was a Spartan general and mercenary. ...more on Wikipedia about "Clearchus"
Cynisca was a Spartan princess who was born around 440 BC. She was the daughter of Spartan king Agesilaus II. She became the first woman in history to win at the ancient Olympic Games. (While most women in the ancient Greek world were kept in seclusion and forbidden to learn any kind of skills in sports, riding or hunting, Spartan women by contrast were brought up from girlhood to excel at these things and to disdain household chores.) ...more on Wikipedia about "Cynisca"
Dienekes was a Spartan officer present at the Battle of Thermopylae. He was acclaimed the bravest of all the three hundred Spartiates selected to fight in that battle. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dienekes"
Eurybiades was the Spartan commander in charge of the Greek navy during the Persian Wars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eurybiades"
In Greek mythology, Eurylochus, or Eurýlokhos appears in Homer's Odyssey as second-in-command of Odysseus' ship during the return to Ithaca after the Trojan War. He was also a relative of Odysseus through marriage. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eurylochus"
1. King Eurytus, or Eurýtos of Oschalia (Oikhalia), Thessaly, was the son of Melaneus and Stratonice. He had four sons - Iphitus, Clytius, Toxeus and Dion - and a beautiful daughter Iole. A late legend also attributes Eurytus as the son of Dryope. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eurytus"
Gylippus was a Spartan general of the 5th century BC; he was the son of Cleandridas, who had been expelled from Sparta for accepting Athenian bribes in 446 BC and had settled at Thurii. His mother may have been a helot. When Alcibiades urged the Spartans to send a general to lead the Syracusan resistance against the Athenian expedition, Gylippus was appointed ( 414 BC), and his arrival was a turning point of the struggle. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gylippus"
Lycurgus (approx 700 BCE – 630 BCE) was the legendary lawgiver of Sparta, who established the military-oriented reformation of Spartan society in accordance with the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi. He is referenced by ancient historians Herodotus, Xenophon, and Plutarch. It is not clear if this Lycurgus was an actual historical figure; however, many historians believe Lycurgus was responsible for the communalistic and militaristic reforms which transformed Spartan society, the most major of which was known as The Great Rhetra. Ancient historians place him in the first half of the 7th century BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lycurgus (Sparta)"
Lysander (d. 395 BC) was the commander of the Spartan fleet which was victorious against the Athenians at Aegospotami in 405 BC. The following year, he took Athens itself, bringing the Peloponnesian War to an end. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lysander"
Machaon was a general of ancient Sparta. ...more on Wikipedia about "Machaon"
Mindarus was a Spartan admiral who commanded the Peloponnesian fleet during the Peloponnesian War. He suffered from strained relationships with Persia during his command; he was promised ships by the satrap Tissaphernes, but they were never delivered, and he was forced to turn to Pharnabazus for support instead. Although he succeeded in greatly alarming the Athenians by his tactical decision to relocate to the Hellespont, where he could threaten the Athenian grain supply, he was repeatedly unsuccessful in combat; he was defeated at Cynossema, Abydos, and Cyzicus. At the latter, in 410 BC, the entire Spartan fleet was destroyed, and Mindarus himself was killed. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mindarus"
Pausanias (Greek = Παυσανιας) was a Spartan general of the 5th century BCE. He was the nephew of Leonidas I and served as regent after his uncle's death, as Leonidas' son, Pleistarchus, was still under-age. He was responsible for the Greek victory over Mardonius and the Persians at the Battle of Plataea in 479 BCE, and was the leader of the Hellenic League created to resist Persian aggression during the Greco-Persian Wars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pausanias (general)"
Phoebidas was a Spartan general who, in 382 BC, seized the Theban acropolis, giving Sparta control over Thebes. In punishment for this unauthorized action, Phoebidas was relieved of command, but the Spartans continued to hold Thebes. The Spartan king Agesilaus argued against punishing Phoebidas, on the grounds that his actions had benefitted Sparta, and this was the only standard against which he ought to be judged. ...more on Wikipedia about "Phoebidas"
Sphodrias was a Spartan general during the period of Greek history known as the Spartan hegemony. In 397 BC, he was in command of a garrison in a Spartan-occupied city in Boeotia. Aiming to increase Spartan power in the region, he attempted to march by night to seize Piraeus, the port of Athens. He miscalculated the length of the march, however, and when the sun rose he and his army were caught out in the middle of the Attic plain. He retreated back to Boeotia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sphodrias"
Taranto is a coastal city in Apulia, southern Italy. It is the capital of Province of Taranto and is an important military and commercial port. ...more on Wikipedia about "Taranto"
Tyrtaeus was a Greek elegiac poet who lived at Sparta about the middle of the 7th century BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tyrtaeus"
Xanthippus was a Greek (possibly Spartan) mercenary general hired by the Carthaginians to aid in their war against the Romans during the First Punic War. He trained Carthaginian soldiers and led them into the battle of Tunis, where Carthaginian forces routed the Roman expeditionary force and captured the Roman consul Marcus Atilius Regulus in 255 BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Xanthippus"
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