Anthropological categories of people Anthropological categories of people In sociology and anthropology, an age grade or age class is a social category based on age, within a series of such categories, through which individuals pass over the course of their lives. This is in contrast to an age set, to which individuals remain permanently attached as the set itself becomes progressively more senior. ...more on Wikipedia about "Age grade"
In anthropology, an age set is a social category or corporate social group, consisting of people of similar age, who have a common identity, maintain close ties over a prolonged period, and together pass through a series of age-related statuses. This is in contrast to an age grade, through which people pass individually over time. ...more on Wikipedia about "Age set"
A Band Society is the simplest form of human society. A band generally consists of a small kin group, no larger than an extended family or clan. Bands have very informal leadership; the older members of the band generally are looked to for guidance and advice, but there are no laws and none of the coercion seen in more complex societies. Bands' customs are almost always transmitted orally. Formal social institutions are few or non-existent. Religion is generally based on family tradition, individual experience, or counsel from a shaman. All known band societies hunt and gather to obtain their food. (See Subsistence) ...more on Wikipedia about "Band society"
Cultures are typically divided into two categories: collectivist and individualist. Individualist cultures, such as those of the United States and Western Europe, emphasize personal achievement at the expense of group goals, resulting in a strong sense of competition. Collectivist cultures, such as those of China, Korea, and Japan, emphasize family and work group goals. ...more on Wikipedia about "Collectivist and individualist cultures"
In anthropology and archaeology, a complex society is a social formation that is otherwise described as a formative or developed state (i.e. a civilisation, to use an old-fashioned term). Social complexity in this sense thus refers typically to political complexity, specifically the presence of a hierarchy in the form of a ruling elite supported by bureaucrats, with associated paraphernalia such as administrative buildings and elite residences in urban or proto-urban population centres. Complex societies under this definition are also agricultural to provide the surplus required to support a social (non-food producing) elite. Explaining the origins of these types of social formations, which appear in many areas of the world, is one of the tasks of archaeology. ...more on Wikipedia about "Complex society"
The term "Horse culture" is used to define a tribal group or community whose day to day life revolves around the herding and breeding of horses. Notable examples are the American Indians of the Great Plains and the Mongols of Mongolia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Horse culture"
A hunter-gatherer society is in anthropological terms one whose predominant method of subsistence involves the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild (or " foraging"), without significant recourse to the domestication of either. The demarcation between hunter-gatherers and other societies which rely on more managed techniques such as agriculturalism and pastoralism is not a clean one, as many societies typically utilise a range of strategies to obtain the foodstuffs required to sustain their community. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hunter-gatherer" Pure http://www.shortopedia.com. Pure Information Power.
Land-Bonded Societies are acephalous societies that fall in between lineage-bonded societies and village-bonded societies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Land-bonded society"
Lineage Bonded Societies are a type of acephalous society, predicated on claims of a common ancestor. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lineage-bonded society"
In older anthropology texts and discussions, a primitive culture is one that lacks major signs of economic development or modernity. For instance, it might lack a written language or advanced technology and have a limited and isolated population. The term was used by Western writers to describe foreign cultures contacted by European colonists and explorers. It is also the title of a major work by Edward Tylor, "the founder of anthropology", in which he defines religion as " animism" which, in turn, he defines by reference to contemporary indigenous and other religious data as "the belief in spirits". ...more on Wikipedia about "Primitive culture"
The settler's culture is formed by people who take up residence on land and cultivate it, as opposed to nomads. ...more on Wikipedia about "Settler (culture)"
Viewed historically or developmentally, a tribe consists of a social formation existing before the development of, or outside of, states. Many people use the term to refer to any non- Western or indigenous society. Some social scientists use the term to refer to societies organized largely on the basis of kinship, especially corporate descent groups (see clan and lineage). In some countries, such as the United States and India, tribes are indigenous peoples that have been granted legal recognition and limited autonomy by the state. Tribal governments can consist of one supreme ruler (i.e. a tribal chief), or some form of a tribal council, which usually consists of a group of elders. See also Hunter gatherer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tribe"
(Village-bonded society) Village Bonded Societies are the largest classification of acephalous societies. They differ from lineage-bonded societies and land-bonded societies mainly in that they are large enough to support both secret societies and age sets. ...more on Wikipedia about "Village-bonded society"
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