Architectural elements Architectural elements In architecture, an abacus (from the Greek abax, a slab; or French abaque, tailloir) is a flat slab that sits upon the capital of a column, forming its uppermost member. Its chief function is to provide a larger supporting surface for the architrave or arch it has to carry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Abacus (architecture)"
Abat-sons are devices constructed to reflect sound in a particular direction. Typically they take the form of large louvers which direct the sound of bells from a bell tower toward the ground. In general use, any louvers in a bell tower are commonly called abat-sons, whether they are designed to redirect sound or merely to prevent ingress of water. ...more on Wikipedia about "Abat-son"
An Abutment is an end support of a bridge superstructure. ...more on Wikipedia about "Abutment"
Alcove (through the Spanish, alcova, from the Arabic, al-, the, and quobbah, a vault) is an architectural term for a recess in a room, usually screened off by pillars, balustrade or drapery. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alcove"
Annulets, in architecture, are small square components in the Doric capital, under the quarter-round. They are also called fillets or listels. ...more on Wikipedia about "Annulet (architecture)"
An anta (pl. antæ) ( Latin, possibly from ante, 'before' or 'in front of', as in modern Spanish) is an archaic architectural term describing the posts or pillars on either side of a doorway or entrance of a Greek temple - the slightly projecting pilaster strips which terminate the winged walls of the naos. Rather than being simply pillars, they are generally more square and are directly connected with the walls of a temple. They owe their origin to the vertical posts of timber employed in the early, more primitive palaces or temples of Greece, as at Tiryns and in the Heraeum at Olympia, as load-bearing structures to carry the roof timbers, as no reliance could be placed on the walls built with unburnt brick or in rubble masonry with clay mortar. Later, they became more decorative as the materials used for wall construction became sufficient to support the structure. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anta"
Antepagmenta, in ancient architecture, were garnishings in posts or doors, wrought in stone or timber, or lintels of a window. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antepagment"
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An arcade is a passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or vaults supported by columns, or else it is a covered passage fronted by a series of arches. ...more on Wikipedia about "Arcade (architecture)"
An arch is a curved structure capable of spanning a space while supporting significant weight (e.g. a doorway in a stone wall). The arch was developed in Mesopotamia, Assyria, Egypt and Etruria. It was later refined in Ancient Rome. The arch became an important technique in cathedral building and is still used today in some modern structures as for example in bridges. ...more on Wikipedia about "Arch"
The architrave (also called epistyle) is the lintel or beam that rests on the capitals of the columns. As such, it is the lowest part of the entablature consisting of architrave, frieze and cornice. The word is derived from the French and Italian words arch and trabs combined together to mean "main beam". ...more on Wikipedia about "Architrave"
An archivolt is a group of mouldings (or other elements) surrounding an arched opening, corresponding to the architrave in the case of a rectangular opening. Apart from the decoration, the word can also refer to the under-side or inner curve of the arch itself. ...more on Wikipedia about "Archivolt"
An astragal is molding profile composed of a half round surface surrounded by two flat plains (fillets). An astragal is sometimes referred to as a miniature torus. It can be an architectural element used at the top or base of a column, but is also employed as a framing device on furniture and woodwork. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astragal"
Atlantes, the plural form of Atlas, is an architectural term ...more on Wikipedia about "Atlas (architecture)"
In architecture, an atrium (plural atria) is a large open space, often several stories high and having a glazed roof and/or large windows, often situated within an office building and usually located immediately beyond the main entrance doors. Atria are popular with companies because they give their buildings "a feeling of space and light", but have been criticised by fire inspectors as they could allow fire to spread to a building's upper stories more quickly. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atrium (architecture)"
In classical architecture, the term attic refers to a storey or low wall above the cornice of a classical façade. This usage originated in the 17th century from the use of Attica style pilasters as adornments on the top storey's façade. The decoration of the topmost part of a building was particularly important in ancient Greek architecture and this came to be seen as typifying the Attica style. By the 18th century this meaning had been transferred to the space behind the wall of the highest storey (i.e., directly under the roof), producing the modern meaning of the word "attic". ...more on Wikipedia about "Attic style"
Balcony (from Italian balcone, scaffold; cf. High German balcho, beam, balk), a kind of platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade. ...more on Wikipedia about "Balcony"
In Persian and Moghul architecture, a baradari is a room with 12 doors which is designed to allow the free draught of air through it. Persons of repute used it as a venue for formal and informal settings in hot weather. ...more on Wikipedia about "Baradari"
In architecture, a barrel vault is an extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance. It is the simplest form of vault; effectively a series of arches placed side by side. Barrel vaults are also known as tunnel vaults or wagon vaults. ...more on Wikipedia about "Barrel vault"
A baseboard or skirting board is a wooden board, normally 75mm to 300mm deep, covering the lowest part of an interior wall. Its purpose is to cover the join between the wall surface (usually plaster) and the floor, and to protect the wall from kicks and abrasion. ...more on Wikipedia about "Baseboard"
A battlement, (also called a crenellation) in defensive architecture such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (i.e. a short wall), in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels (also known as carnels, embrasures, loops or wheelers). The solid widths between the crenels are called merlons (also called cops or kneelers). Battlements often have openings between the supporting corbels, through which stones or burning objects could be dropped on attackers; these are known as machicolations. A wall with battlements is said to be crenellated or embattled. ...more on Wikipedia about "Battlement"
Belvedere (occasionally Belvidere) is an architectural term adopted from Italian (literally "fair view"), which refers to any architectural structure sited to take advantage of such a view. A belvedere may be built in the upper part of a building so as to command a fine view. The actual structure can be of any form, whether a turret, a cupola or an open gallery (in Italian an altana). ...more on Wikipedia about "Belvedere (structure)"
Bowtell is a medieval term in architecture for a round or corniced molding; the word is a variant of boltel, which is probably the diminutive of bolt, the shaft of an arrow or javelin. A roving bowtell is one which passes up the side of a bench end and round a finial, the term roving being applied to that which follows the line of a curve. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bowtell"
Bucranium is the Latin word for the skull of an oxen. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bucranium"
A buttress is a structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient buildings as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways) forces arising out of the roof structures that lack adequate bracing. ...more on Wikipedia about "Buttress"
A came is a divider bar used between small pieces of glass to make a larger glazing panel, sometimes referred to as leaded glass. This process is then referred to as "leading". Cames are mostly made of soft metals such as lead, zinc, copper or brass. They generally have an H-shaped cross section, although U-shaped cross sections are used for the borders of panels. ...more on Wikipedia about "Came"
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