Astronomy Astronomy The All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) is a Polish project implemented on 7 April 1997 to do photometric monitoring of approximately 10^7 stars brighter than 14 magnitude all over the sky. The automatic telescope discovered two new comets in 2004 and 2006. The ASAS, located in Chile, is managed by Grzegorz Pojmański of the Warsaw University Observatory via the internet ** . ...more on Wikipedia about "All Sky Automated Survey"
Analemma is a term in astronomy used to describe the plot of the positions of the Sun on the celestial sphere at the same time of day (at approximately 24 hour intervals) and from the same location on Earth on successive days through the calendar year. This appears as a figure eight. If the course of the Earth around the sun were a precise circle and if the Earth's polar axis stood perpendicular to the plane of its orbit, the Sun would always appear at the same point in the sky at the same time of day throughout the year and the analemma would be a dot. If the orbit were circular, but the polar axis tilted as it is, the northern and southern lobes of the figure of eight would be equal in size; if the polar axis were not tilted but the orbit had its current eccentricity then the analemma would be a straight east-to-west line. It is difficult but possible to construct an analemma by taking a photograph of the sun each day of the year at the same time and place and with a camera positioned in exactly the same ...more on Wikipedia about "Analemma"
The angular diameter of an object as seen from a given position is the diameter measured as an angle. It satisfies the formula . ...more on Wikipedia about "Angular diameter"
Aperture synthesis is a type of interferometry that mixes signals from a collection of instruments to produce measurements having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. At each separation and orientation, the lobe-pattern of the interferometer produces an output which is one component of the Fourier transform of the spatial distribution of the brightness of the observed object. In order to produce a high quality image, a large number of different separations between different telescopes are required (the projected separation between any two telescopes as seen from the radio source is called a baseline) - as many different baselines as possible are required in order to get good quality results. Most aperture synthesis interferometers use the rotation of the Earth to increase the number of different baselines included in an observation (see diagram on right). Taking data at different times provides measurements with different telescope separations and angles without the need for buying additional telescopes or moving the telescopes manually (the rotation of the Earth moves the telescopes for you!). Some instruments use artificial rotation of the interferometer array instead of Earth rotation, such as in Aperture Masking Interferometry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aperture synthesis"
Archaeoastronomy (also spelled Archeoastronomy) is the study of astronomy in its cultural context, drawing on archaeological and anthropological evidence. One aspect of it employs astronomical examination of archaeological sites to gain insights into the roles of astronomy in past cultures. A second aspect (sometimes known by the term ethnoastronomy) examines anthropological and ethnohistorical evidence for the astronomical practices of more modern, historical cultures. A third aspect of archaeoastronomy focuses on the concerns of astronomers, using the historical record of early astronomical observations to study past astronomical events. It also may involve the use of astronomical knowledge and extrapolation to further our understanding of the historical record. ...more on Wikipedia about "Archaeoastronomy"
Astrobiology is an interdisciplinary field, combining aspects of astronomy, biology and geology, which is focused primarily on the study of the origin, distribution and evolution of life. It comes from the Greek words astron = star, bios = life and logos = word/science), and is also known as exobiology ( Greek: exo = out) or xenobiology ( Greek: xenos = foreign). ...more on Wikipedia about "Astrobiology"
Astrology and astronomy were deeply intertwined in the past, and very much one and the same throughout the overwhelming bulk of human history. The two completely separate disciplines as we define them today cannot, in fact, be distinguished, until only the past few hundred years (they split up completely about 1750- 1800). Because so many people mistakenly think that astrology is some kind of science, it often happens that the two are even today still confused with one another. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astrology and astronomy"
Astrometry is a branch of astronomy that deals with the positions of stars and other celestial bodies, their distances and movements. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astrometry"
ASTRON is the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy. ASTRON is an abbreviation of the dutch Stichting ASTRonomisch Onderzoek in Nederland. This translates to NFRA in English, which is sometimes used to refer to ASTRON in english texts. Its main offices are in Dwingeloo at the site of the Dwingeloo Radio Observatory, m. Westerveld, in the northeastern Netherlands. ASTRON operates under the umbrella of the Dutch national research council, NWO (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek). ...more on Wikipedia about "ASTRON"
An astronomical catalog or catalogue is a list or tabulation of astronomical objects, typically grouped together because they share a common type, morphology, origin, means of detection, or method of discovery. Astronomical catalogs are usually the result of an astronomical survey of some kind. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astronomical catalog"
An astronomical constant is a physical constant used in astronomy. The astronomical constants include units of astronomical distance (the astronomical unit (A.U.), the light year (ly), and the parsec (pc)), units of time (the sidereal year, the tropical year, and the Gregorian year), and various values for distances, masses, etc. (e.g., the mass and the mean radius of the Earth, and the mass, radius, and luminosity of the Sun). The astronomical constants may also be taken to include such physical constants as the speed of light (c), the gravitational constant (G), and the Planck constant (h). ...more on Wikipedia about "Astronomical constant"
(Astronomical naming conventions) When satellites are first discovered, they are given provisional designations such as " S/2000 J 11" (the 11th new satellite of Jupiter discovered in 2000) or " S/2003 S 1" (the 1st new satellite of Saturn discovered in 2003). The initial "S/" stands for "satellite", and distinguishes from such prefixes as "D/", "C/", and "P/", used for comets. The designation "R/" is used for planetary rings. These designations are sometimes written like "S/2003 S1", dropping the second space. The letter following the category and year identifies the planet (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto; no occurrence of the other planets is expected, although Mars and Mercury could conceivably give rise to an ambiguity). When the object is found around a minor planet, the identifier used is the latter's number in parentheses. Thus, Dactyl, the moon of 243 Ida, was at first designated " S/1993 (243) 1". ...more on Wikipedia about "Astronomical naming conventions"
Astronomical year numbering is based on AD/BC / CE/BCE year numbering, but follows normal decimal integer numbering more strictly. Thus, it has a year 0 and the years before that are designated with a minus sign '−'. The era designations BC/AD are dropped. So the year 1 BC(E) is numbered 0, the year 2 BC(E) is numbered −1, and in general the year n BC(E) is numbered (1−n). The numbers of AD/CE years are not changed, but AD/CE is not used, being replaced by either no sign or a positive sign. For normal calculation a number zero is often needed, here most notably when calculating the number of years in a period that spans the epoch; the end years need only be subtracted from each other. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astronomical year numbering"
Astronomy ( Greek: αστρονομία = άστρον + νόμος, astronomia = astron + nomos, literally, " law of the stars") is the science of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the Earth's atmosphere, such as stars, planets, comets, aurora, galaxies, and the cosmic background radiation. It is concerned with the formation and development of the universe, the evolution and physical and chemical properties of celestial objects and the calculation of their motions. Astronomical observations are not only relevant for astronomy as such, but provide essential information for the verification of fundamental theories in physics, such as general relativity theory. Complementary to observational astronomy, theoretical astrophysics seeks to explain astronomical phenomena. ...more on Wikipedia about "Astronomy"
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The B1875.0 epoch is used in astronomy. ...more on Wikipedia about "B1875.0"
Many of the brighter stars are given names which are known as Bayer designations. These designations, which were introduced by Johann Bayer in his star atlas Uranometria (named after Urania) in 1603, consist of a Greek letter followed by the genitive (in Latin) of the name of the constellation in which the star lies. See List of constellations for a list of constellations and the genitive forms of their names. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bayer designation"
A Besselian epoch, named after the German mathematician and astronomer Friedrich Bessel (1784 - 1846), is an epoch that is based on a Besselian year, which is a tropical year measured at the point where the Sun's longitude is exactly 280°. ...more on Wikipedia about "Besselian epoch"
A binary star system consists of two stars both orbiting around their barycenter. For each star, the other is its "companion star". ...more on Wikipedia about "Binary star"
A binary system is an astronomy term referring to two objects in space, usually stars, which are so close that their gravitational forces attract one another into a mutual orbit. Astronomers find that more than 50% of stars are binary stars. A multiple system is like a binary system but consists of three or more objects. ...more on Wikipedia about "Binary system (astronomy)"
Blue shift is the opposite of redshift, the latter being much more noted due to its importance to modern astronomy. It is also used informally to refer to a hypsochromic shift in photochemistry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Blue shift"
A Bok globule is a dark cloud of dense dust and gas in which star formation is sometimes taking place. Bok globules are found within H II regions, and typically have a mass of about 10–50 solar masses contained within a region about a light year or so across[1]. They contain molecular hydrogen (H2), carbon oxides and helium, and around 1% (by mass) of silicate dust. Bok globules most commonly result in the formation of double or multiple star systems[2]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bok globule"
Brocchi's Cluster (also known as the Coathanger or Collinder 399) is an asterism located in the constellation Vulpecula. ...more on Wikipedia about "Brocchi's Cluster"
(Celatone) A device invented by Galileo Galilei to observe Jupiter's moons with the purpose of finding longitude on Earth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Celatone"
Atmosphere is the general name for a layer of gases that may surround a material body of sufficient mass. The gases are attracted by the gravity of the body, and held fast if gravity is sufficient and the atmosphere's temperature is low. Some planets consist mainly of various gases, and thus have very deep atmospheres (see gas giant). ...more on Wikipedia about "Celestial body atmosphere"
Celestial mechanics is a division of astronomy dealing with the motions and gravitational effects of celestial objects. The field applies principles of physics, historically Newtonian mechanics, to astronomical objects such as stars and planets. ...more on Wikipedia about "Celestial mechanics" www.shortopedia.com , this is it!
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