Astronomy Astronomy The celestial spheres relate to Johannes Kepler's work Harmonia Mundi in which he drew together theories from the world of music, architecture, planetary motion and astronomy and linked them together to form an idea of a harmony and cohesion underlying all world phenomena and ruled by a divine force. ...more on Wikipedia about "Celestial spheres"
Celestron is a company that makes telescopes, binoculars, spotting scopes, microscopes, and accessories for their products. ...more on Wikipedia about "Celestron"
ClickWorkers was a small NASA experimental project that used public volunteers (clickworkers) for scientific tasks that require human perception and common sense, but not a lot of scientific training. ...more on Wikipedia about "Clickworkers"
Comet dust refers to cosmic dust that originates from a comet. Comet dust can provide clues to comets' origin. ...more on Wikipedia about "Comet dust"
Companion, in its most common meaning, refers to a close friend or associate. The word originates in the Latin language, meaning "one who shares bread," and so often hold connotations of a comrade or "mess-mate" with whom one eats. It is the title of the lowest rank in some military or other orders of knighthood, and is sometimes used to describe a person who lives with another in a paid position for the sake of company (or sometimes for sexual favors, as a concubine), and is looked on rather as a friend than a servant. In the Victorian and Edwardian eras, Englishwomen who wished to travel often hired older women as "companions" to accompany them. ...more on Wikipedia about "Companion"
In quantum mechanics, the Compton scattering or Compton effect, observed by Arthur Holly Compton in 1923 that won him the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics, is the increase in wavelength (decrease in energy) which occurs when X-ray (or gamma ray) photons with energies of around 0.5 MeV to 3.5 MeV interact with electrons in a material. The amount the wavelength increases by is called the Compton shift. Compton's experiment became the ultimate observation that convinced all physicists that light can behave as a stream of particles whose energy is proportional to the frequency. ...more on Wikipedia about "Compton scattering"
In astronomy, the term contact binary refers to two astronomical bodies that are so close that they touch each other. Normally, the term may refer either to stars or to asteroids. ...more on Wikipedia about "Contact binary"
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A coronagraph is a telescopic attachment designed specifically to block out the harsh, direct light from a star, so that nearby objects can be resolved without burning out the telescope's optics. The name comes from the fact that the first coronagraphs were used to image the corona of the sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coronagraph"
Astronomers describe the distribution of galaxies in the universe by means of a correlation function. By default, correlation function refers to the two-point autocorrelation function. For a given distance, the two-point autocorrelation function is a function of one variable (distance) which describes the probability that two galaxies are separated by this particular distance. It can be thought of as a lumpiness factor - the higher the value for some distance scale, the more lumpy the universe is at that distance scale. ...more on Wikipedia about "Correlation function (astronomy)"
Cosmic Dust refers to particles in space which are assemblages of a few molecules to tenth-millimeter-sized grains. Cosmic dust can be further distinguished by its astronomical location; for example: interplanetary dust, interstellar dust, comet dust, circumplanetary dust. This article covers bulk and radiative properties of cosmic dust, the dust particles' origins, end-fates, and specific locations in space. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cosmic dust"
In English the days of the week are: ...more on Wikipedia about "Days of the week"
Deep sky is a term used by amateur astronomers to describe mostly faint objects outside the solar system like star clusters, nebulae and galaxies; compare with " deep space". These objects are hundreds to billions of light years distant. The galaxies are beyond our home galaxy, the Milky Way, while the clusters and nebulae are part of our home galaxy. There is a galaxy visible to the naked eye called the Andromeda Galaxy, roughly 2.5 million light years away. A light year is equivalent to about 9 million million kilometers, which is the distance light travels in a year. ...more on Wikipedia about "Deep sky"
A Dyson sphere (or "shell" as it appeared in the original paper) is a hypothetical megastructure. It was originally described as a system of orbiting solar power satellites meant to completely englobe a star and capture its entire energy output, although other variants on this idea have been proposed — most notedly the solid shell concept pictured at right. The Dyson sphere concept was first mentioned in the novel Star Maker, by Olaf Stapledon, and formally described by physicist Freeman Dyson in his 1959 paper "Search for Artificial Stellar Sources of Infra-Red Radiation", published in the journal Science. While building a Dyson sphere is far beyond present-day industrial capabilities, some proposed design variants of the sphere do not require technology much in advance of our own. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dyson sphere"
The ecliptic plane is the geometric plane that contains the orbit of the Earth. The ecliptic is the intersection of the ecliptic plane and the celestial sphere. A more intuitive definition would be to say that the ecliptic is the apparent path of the Sun during a year as seen from Earth. The orbits of most planets in the Solar System lie very close to it. Seen from the Earth, this is a bisecting great circle, superimposed upon the celestial sphere, which contains the different points of the Sun's path, relative to the background stars, over the course of a year. The zodiac also lies along the ecliptic plane. The ecliptic plane is inclined by ~23.5°, with respect to the celestial equator; a result of axial tilt. The orbital plane of the Moon is inclined by ~5°, with respect to the ecliptic. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ecliptic" http://www.shortopedia.com never sleeps.
Ecliptic latitude is one of the co-ordinates which can be used to define the location of an astronomical object on the celestial sphere in ecliptic coordinates. In this system, the celestial sphere is divided into two hemispheres by the plane of the ecliptic, or the plane of the earth's orbit. From the perspective of the earth, the sun travels in the ecliptic and always has ecliptic latitude of 0. The ecliptic latitude is the angle north or south of the ecliptic analogous to how terrestrial latitude is the angular position on the earth north or south of the equator. The planets tend to have low ecliptic latitude; they are always within a few degrees of the ecliptic with the exception of Pluto. Most other objects in the solar system: asteroids, comets, and dust are also at low ecliptic latitude. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ecliptic latitude"
Ecliptic longitude is one of the co-ordinates which can be used to define the location of an astronomical object on the celestial sphere in ecliptic coordinates. In this system, the celestial sphere is divided into two hemispheres by the plane of the ecliptic. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ecliptic longitude"
The effective temperature of a star is the temperature of its visible surface, as opposed to the core at which it generates its energy through thermonuclear reactions or the rarefied corona of great heat where electrons meet ionized gases with the radiation of heat but in so sparse a gas that it is invisible. The color of a star indicates its temperature along a spectrum from the very cool (by stellar standards, that is) red M stars that radiate heavily in the infrared to the very blue O stars that radiate largely in the ultraviolet. The effective temperature of a star indicates the amount of heat that the star radiates per unit of surface area. From the warmest surfaces to the coolest is the sequence of star types known as O, B, A, F, G, K, and M. The effective temperature of a star's surface is identical with the ironically-named black-body temperature of the visible surface. ...more on Wikipedia about "Effective temperature"
In astronomy, an epoch is a moment in time for which celestial coordinates or orbital elements are specified. ...more on Wikipedia about "Epoch (astronomy)"
The equator is an imaginary circle drawn around a planet (or other astronomical object) at a distance halfway between the poles. The equator divides the planet into a Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. The latitude of the equator is, by definition, 0°. The length of Earth's equator is about 40,075.0 km, or 24,901.5 miles. ...more on Wikipedia about "Equator"
Extinction is a term used in astronomy to describe the absorption of light from astronomical objects by matter between them and the observer. Extinction arises both from the interstellar medium and the atmosphere. In both cases, blue light is much more strongly absorbed than red light. ...more on Wikipedia about "Extinction (astronomy)"
(Extraterrestrial skies) In summary, whenever an eclipse of some sort is occurring on the Earth, an eclipse of another sort is occurring on the Moon. Eclipses occur for both Earth and Lunar observers whenever the two bodies and the Sun align in a straight line. ...more on Wikipedia about "Extraterrestrial skies"
A Finderscope is a small auxiliary telescope mounted atop the main astronomical telescope and pointed in the same direction. The finderscope usually has a much smaller magnification than the main telescope can provide and therefore can see more of the sky. This helps in locating the desired astronomical object in the night sky. Some finderscopes have crosshairs to mark exactly where the main telescope is looking. ...more on Wikipedia about "Finderscope"
FireWire cameras use the IEEE 1394 bus standard for the transmission of audio, video and control data. FireWire is Apple's trademark for the IEEE 1394 standard. ...more on Wikipedia about "FireWire camera"
A fixed star is a celestial object that does not seem to move (in comparison to the other stars of the night sky). Hence, a fixed star is any star except for the Sun. Such 'fixed' stars do have parallax, but this was small enough to not have been noticed until modern times. ...more on Wikipedia about "Fixed star"
The Flammarion Woodcut is an enigmatic woodcut by an unknown artist. It is referred to as the Flammarion Woodcut because its first documented appearance is in page 163 of Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire ( Paris, 1888), a work on meteorology for a general audience. The woodcut depicts a man peering through the Earth's atmosphere as if it were a curtain to look at the inner workings of the universe. ...more on Wikipedia about "Flammarion Woodcut" This text is made for http://www.shortopedia.com
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