Austria-Hungary

The first archducal coronet ( de: Erzherzogskrone) was shown on a portrait of Rudolf IV. It probably never really existed though. Ernest the Iron had a coronet made, another was made on the death of Archduke Ferdinand II of the Tyrol in 1595. The final archducal hat (Erzherzogshut) as the crown of the Archduchy of Austria was made in 1616 for the regent of the Tyrol, Maximilian III. Where it was made remains a mystery though. Since then it has been kept at the Augustinian monastery of Klosterneuburg in Lower Austria. ...more on Wikipedia about "Archducal hat"

On June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Countess Sophie were killed in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Bosnian nationalist group Young Bosnia. The event, known as the Assassination in Sarajevo, was one of the triggers of World War I. ...more on Wikipedia about "Assassination in Sarajevo"

The German term Ausgleich ( Hungarian kiegyezés) refers to the "compromise" or composition of February 1867 that established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary, which was signed by Franz Joseph of Austria and a Hungarian delegation led by Ferenc Deák. The compromise followed a series of failed constitutional reforms of the Habsburg Empire. Under the new arrangement the Magyar dominated government of Hungary gained near equal status to the "Austrian" government based in Vienna. The compromise was made under dire circumstances by the monarchy in an attempt to quiet internal dissent in the face of aggression from Prussia, as well as internal agitation by the various nationalities of the Empire. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ausgleich"

(Austria-Hungary) Before the 1867 Compromise ...more on Wikipedia about "Austria-Hungary"

The collective term Austrian Crown Jewels or insignia ( de: Insignien und Kleinodien) denotes the regalia and vestments worn by the Holy Roman Emperor, and later the Austrian Emperor during the coronation ceremony and at various other state functions. The term refers to the following objects: the crowns, sceptres, orbs, swords, rings, crosses, holy relics, and the royal robes, as well as several other objects connected with the ceremony itself. ...more on Wikipedia about "Austrian Crown Jewels"

The Gulden was the currency of Austria-Hungary between 1754 and 1892. The name Gulden was used on Austrian ( German language) banknotes, whilst the name Florin was used on Austrian coins and forint was used on the Hungarian banknotes and coins. ...more on Wikipedia about "Austro-Hungarian gulden"

The Austro-Hungarian Empire adopted the gold standard in 1892 when the new currency of the crown (abbr. K), known as the krone in German, korona in Hungarian and as koruna in other imperial languages, was introduced. It consted of 100 hellers. The value of the krone was set at 2 krone = 1 gulden ( florin, or forint in Hungarian) of the previous silver-based currency. From 1900 onwards, krone notes were the only legal banknotes of the Empire. ...more on Wikipedia about "Austro-Hungarian krone"

The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition was an expedition from 1872- 74 and discovered Franz-Josef Land. According to Julius von Payer, one of the leaders, the journey was to find the north-eastern passage. It actually explored the area northwest of Novaya Zemlya. According to the other leader, Karl Weyprecht, the north pole was a secondary target. The financing was an estimated total costs 175,000 florins from Austro-Hungarian nobles. ...more on Wikipedia about "Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition"

The Central Powers ( German: Mittelmächte) were the nations of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria, which fought against the Allies during World War I. They are called this because they all were located between Russia in the east and France and the United Kingdom in the west. ...more on Wikipedia about "Central Powers"

Cisleithania ( German: Cisleithanien) was the name of the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual monarchy created in 1867 and dissolved in 1918. The Cisleithanian lands continued to constitute the Empire of Austria. The somewhat cumbersome official name was "Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder" ("The Kingdoms and Lands represented in the Imperial Council"). ...more on Wikipedia about "Cisleithania"

(Esterhazy) omeThe House of Esterházy (- German, in Hungarian sometimes spelled at Eszterházy, in Slovak: Esterházi) was a noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary since the Middle Ages, which was among the great territorial magnates of the Kingdom of Hungary, during the time it was part of the Austrian Habsburg Empire. ...more on Wikipedia about "Esterhazy"

(Ethnic composition of Austria-Hungary) Germanic languages: ...more on Wikipedia about "Ethnic composition of Austria-Hungary"

For information on the military unit see Grossdeutschland Division. ...more on Wikipedia about "Grossdeutschland"

The German term Herrenhaus is equivalent to the English House of Lords and describes roughly similar institutions as the English House of Lords in German-speaking countries. ...more on Wikipedia about "Herrenhaus"

The Crown of the Empire of Austria ( de: Österreichische Kaiserkrone or Krone des Kaisertums Österreich) was originally the personal crown of emperor Rudolf II. It is therefore also known as the Crown of Rudolf II, or the Crown of the Austrian Empire. ...more on Wikipedia about "Imperial Crown of Austria"

Italian unification (called in Italian the Risorgimento, or "Resurgence") was the political and social process that unified disparate countries of the Italian peninsula into the single nation of Italy between the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. ...more on Wikipedia about "Italian unification"

Jiří Kristián, the Prince of Lobkowicz ( May 14, 1835 - December 22, 1908) was a member of old Bohemian aristocratic family of Lobkovic and influential politician of late 19th century. ...more on Wikipedia about "Jiří Kristián z Lobkowicz"

(K.u.k.) The abbreviation K. u. K. (or K. und K., K. & K.) stands for kaiserlich und königlich -- German for Imperial and Royal. ...more on Wikipedia about "K.u.k."

The Kinsky family of the Counts and later Princes Kinsky (formerly Wchinsky or Tynsky) are one of the oldest and most illustrious dynasties originating from Bohemia, now in the Czech Republic. The family is recorded in both the Almanach de Gotha and Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels. The first factual mention of the family is in 1237. The family were elevated to Counts in 1628 and to the rank of prince in 1747. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kinsky"

Küstenland ("Coast Land") was a Kronland ("Crone Land") within the Austrian Empire (later Austria-Hungary from 1806 - 1921. ...more on Wikipedia about "Küstenland"

Mayerling is a hunting lodge in Lower Austria, where on January 30, 1889 Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, only son of Emperor Franz Joseph and Elisabeth and heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, was found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera, apparently as a result of suicide. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mayerling"

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Between 1867 and 1918, the Reichsrat was the parliament of Cisleithania, the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary, which was officially known as "the kingdoms and lands represented in the Reichsrat" (German die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder). It consisted of the Herrenhaus (House of Lords) and the Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Deputies). ...more on Wikipedia about "Reichsrat (Austria)"

Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault). In old times, feudal rulers would keep their most precious belongings in a guarded vault, most often in the basement of their castle. Today, the word is used only for museums in the German-speaking area. ...more on Wikipedia about "Schatzkammer"

The Duchy of Styria ( German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Štajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. This mountainous and scenic region, which became a centre for mountaineering in the 19th century, is often called the "Green March", because half of the area is covered with forests and one quarter with meadows, grasslands, vineyards and orchards. Styria is also rich in minerals, soft coal and iron, which has been mined at Erzberg since the time of the Romans. The Windisch Buheln is a famous Austrian wine-producing district. Styria was for long the most densely-populated and productive mountain region in Europe. ...more on Wikipedia about "Styria (duchy)"

The Treaty of Trianon was an agreement that regulated the situation of the new Hungarian state that replaced the Kingdom of Hungary, part of the former dualist Austro-Hungarian monarchy, after World War I. It was signed on June 4, 1920, at the Grand Trianon Palace at Versailles, France. ...more on Wikipedia about "Treaty of Trianon" Simply shortopedia!

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