Avionics computers Avionics computers MIL-STD-1750A or 1750A is the formal definition of a 16-bit computer Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), including both required and optional components, as described by the military standard document MIL-STD-1750A (1980). In addition to the core ISA, the definition defines optional instructions, such as a FPU & MMU. Importantly, the standard does not define the implementation details of a 1750A processor. ...more on Wikipedia about "1750A"
The AN/USQ-20, or Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS), was designed as a more reliable replacement for the AN/USQ-17 with the same instruction set. The first batch of 17 computers were delivered to the Navy starting in early 1961. A version of the AN/USQ-20 for use by the other military services and NASA was designated the UNIVAC 1206. Another version, designated the G-40, replaced the vacuum tube UNIVAC 1104 in the BOMARC Missile Program. ...more on Wikipedia about "AN/USQ-20"
The IBM AP-101 is an avionics computer, used most notably in the U.S. Space Shuttle, but also in the B-52 and F-15, among others. When it was designed, it was a high-performance pipelined processor with core memory. Today, its specifications are exceeded by many microprocessors. ...more on Wikipedia about "AP-101"
The Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) was the first recognizably modern embedded system, used in real-time by astronaut pilots to collect and provide flight information, and to automatically control all of the navigational functions of the Apollo spacecraft. It was developed for the Apollo program by the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory under Charles Stark Draper, with hardware design led by Eldon C. Hall (see References). Based upon MIT documents, early architectural work seems to come from J.H. Laning Jr., Albert Hopkins, Ramon Alonso ** , and Hugh Blair-Smith ** . The actual flight hardware was fabricated by Raytheon, whose Herb Thaler ** was also on the architectural team. ...more on Wikipedia about "Apollo Guidance Computer"
The F14 CADC, from F-14A Central Air Data Computer, designed by Steve Geller and Ray Holt of Garrett AiResearch Corp. and completed in June 1970, was one of the world's first microprocessors. The MOS- LSI avionics processor and its associated support chip set was developed for the US Navy's F-14 Tomcat fighter jet. ...more on Wikipedia about "F14 CADC"
The Mongoose-V 32-bit microprocessor for spacecraft on-board computer applications is a radiation-hardened and expanded 10–15 MHz version of the MIPS R3000 CPU. The Mongoose was developed by Synova, Inc. of Melbourne, Florida, USA, with support from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mongoose-V"
The RAD6000 radiation-hardened single board computer, based on the IBM POWER CPU, is manufactured by BAE Systems and is mainly known as the onboard computer of numerous NASA spacecraft. Its instruction set is similar to early members of the PowerPC processor family. ...more on Wikipedia about "RAD6000"
The RAD750 is a radiation-hardened single board computer, based on IBM's PowerPC 750. The successor of the RAD6000, the RAD750 is manufactured by BAE Systems. It is intended for use in high radiation environments such as experienced on board satellites and spacecraft. The RAD750 was released for purchase in 2001; a successor is planned for 2007. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft has a RAD750 on board. ...more on Wikipedia about "RAD750"
Microelectronics designed for environments with high levels of ionizing radiation have special design challenges. A single charged particle of radiation can knock thousands of electrons loose, causing electronic noise, signal spikes, and in the case of digital circuits, plainly incorrect results. This is a particularly serious problem in the design of artificial satellites, spacecraft, military aircraft, nuclear power stations, and nuclear weapons. In order to ensure the proper operation of such systems, manufacturers of integrated circuits and sensors intended for the ( military) aerospace markets employ various methods of radiation hardening. The resulting systems are said to be rad(iation)-hardened, rad-hard, or (within context) hardened. ...more on Wikipedia about "Radiation hardening"
The RCA (CDP)1802 (aka RCA COSMAC*, COSMAC 1802) is an 8-bit CMOS microprocessor (µP) introduced by RCA in early 1976, and presently being manufactured by Harris Semiconductor. The 1802 has an architecture quite different from most other 8-bit microprocessors. ...more on Wikipedia about "RCA 1802"
The IBM System/4 Pi is a family of radiation hardened avionics computers used, in various versions, on the B-52 bomber, the F-15 fighter, NASA's Skylab space station, and the Space Shuttle, as well as other aircraft. It descends from the System/360 mainframe family of computers. ...more on Wikipedia about "System/4 Pi"
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