Babylonia Babylonia Akkad (or Agade) was a city and its region of northern Mesopotamia, ...more on Wikipedia about "Akkad"
The Akkadian Empire usually refers to the Semitic speaking state that grew up around the city of Akkad north of Sumer, and reached its greatest extent under Sargon of Akkad. ...more on Wikipedia about "Akkadian Empire"
Ammi-Saduqa (or Ammisaduqa, Ammizaduga) was a king of the First Dynasty of Babylon. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ammi-Saduqa"
Anilai and Asinai were two Babylonian- Jewish robber chieftains whose exploits were reported by Josephus. They were apprenticed by their widowed mother to a weaver. Having been punished for laziness by their master, they ran away and became freebooters in the marshlands of the Euphrates. There they gathered about them a large number of discontented Jews, organizing troops, and levying forced contributions on the shepherds, and finally established a little robber-state at the forks of the Euphrates. One Sabbath they were surprised by the Parthian ruler of Babylonia, but they determined to fight regardless of the day of rest, and defeated their assailant so completely that the Parthian king Artabanus II (10-40 CE), who was just then engaged in putting down a rebellion, resolved to make use of such brave Jews to keep the satraps in check. He concluded an alliance with them, entrusting them with the control of that portion of Babylonia which they already occupied. They then built fortifications, and the little state lasted for fifteen years (c. 18-33). Its downfall was brought about by the marriage of Anilai with the widow of a Parthian general, whom he had attacked and killed in battle. He tolerated the idolatry of his foreign wife, and met the religious objections of his people with violence, thus estranging his followers and sowing dissension among them. After Asinai had been poisoned by his brother's wife for his too frank utterances, Anilai assumed the leadership of his troops. He sought to divert them with wars, and succeeded in capturing Mithridates, governor of Parthyene, and son-in-law of the king. He soon, however, released Mithridates, fearing that Artaban might take vengeance on the Babylonian Jews for his death. Being signally defeated by Mithridates in a subsequent engagement, he was forced to withdraw to the forests, where he lived by plundering the Babylonian villages about Nehardea, until his resources were exhausted and the little robber-state disappeared. Babylonian hatred of the Jews, long restrained from fear of Anilai, now broke forth afresh, and the Jews fled from the persecutions to Seleucia without finding there the desired peace. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anilai and Asinai"
This article was originally based on content from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Update as needed. ...more on Wikipedia about "Art and architecture of Babylonia and Assyria"
(Assyria and Babylonia contrasted) This article was originally based on content from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Update as needed. ...more on Wikipedia about "Assyria and Babylonia contrasted"
The Atra-Hasis epic is named after its human hero, and was composed sometime between 1800 and 1700 BCE. It contains both a creation and a flood account, and is one of only three surviving Babylonian flood stories. In its cosmology, heaven is ruled by the god Anu, earth by Enlil, and the freshwater ocean by Enki. Enlil set the lesser gods to work farming the land and maintaining the irrigation canals, but after forty years they refused to work any longer. Enki, who is also the wise counselor to the gods, proposes that humans be created to take on the work, so the goddess Mami makes humans by shaping clay mixed with saliva and the blood of the under-god Aw-ilu, who was slain for this purpose. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atra-Hasis"
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Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu, ܒܒܠ in Assyrian, an ancient city in Mesopotamia (Location: , modern Al Hillah, Iraq). It was the "holy city" of Babylonia from around 2300 BC, and the seat of the Neo-Babylonian empire from 612 BC. In the Hebrew Bible, the name appears as בבל ( Babel), interpreted by popular etymology to mean "confusion". Akkadian bāb-ilû means "Gate of God", translating Sumerian Kadingirra. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylon"
Babylonia, named for the city of Babylon, was an ancient state in Mesopotamia (in modern Iraq), combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad. Its capital was Babylon. The earliest mention of Babylon can be found in a tablet of the reign of Sargon of Akkad, dating back to the 23rd century BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonia"
* History of Babylonia and Assyria: ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonia and Assyria"
The Babylonian Chronicles are series of tablets recording major events in Babylonian history, beginning with the reign of Nabonassar, and lasted to the Hellenistic Period. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonian Chronicle"
The material for the study of Babylonian law is singularly extensive. The so-called "contracts" exist in the thousands, including a great variety of deeds, conveyances, bonds, receipts, accounts, and most important of all, the actual legal decisions given by the judges in the law courts. Historical inscriptions, royal charters and rescripts, dispatches, private letters and the general literature afford welcome supplementary information. Even grammatical and lexicographical works contain many extracts or short sentences bearing on law and custom. The so-called " Sumerian Family Laws" are thus preserved. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonian law"
The Babylonians were an ancient culture located in what is now Iraq. They had very advanced systems of writing, science and mathematics for their time. Most of what we have from the Babylonians was inscribed in cuneiform with a metal stylus on tablets of clay, called laterculae coctiles by Pliny the Elder; papyrus seems to have been also employed, but it has perished. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonian literature"
Babylonian mythology is a set of stories depicting the activities of Babylonian deities, heroes, and mythological creatures. While these stories are, in modern times, usually considered a component of Babylonian religion, their purpose was not necessarily religious in nature. Often, these stories explained a mystery of nature, depicted the rewards for proper behavior, illustrated punishments for taboo behavior, or performed a combination of these or other purposes. However, some mythological texts did serve a ceremonial purpose in religious activity. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonian mythology"
Babylonian numerals were written in cuneiform, using a wedge-tipped reed stylus to make a mark on a soft clay tablet which would be exposed in the sun to harden to create a permanent record. ...more on Wikipedia about "Babylonian numerals"
Belshazzar (or Baltasar; Akkadian Bel-sarra-usur) was a prince of Babylon, the son of Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon. In the Book of Daniel (chapters 5 and 8) of the Jewish Tanakh or Christian Old Testament, Belshazzar is the King of Babylon before the advent of the Medes and Persians. ...more on Wikipedia about "Belshazzar"
Belus or Belos in classical Greek or classical Latin texts (and later material based on them) in a Babylonian context refers to the Babylonian god Bel Marduk. Though often identified with Greek Zeus and Latin Jupiter as Zeus Belos or Jupiter Belus, in other cases Belus is euhemerized as an ancient king who founded Babylon and built the ziggurat. He is recognized and worshipped as the God of war. ...more on Wikipedia about "Belus (Babylonian)"
Berossus (also Berossos or Berosus; Greek: Βεροσσος) was a Hellenistic Babylonian writer who was active at the beginning of the 3rd century BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Berossus"
Chaldea, "the Chaldees" of the KJV Old Testament, was a Hellenistic designation for a part of Babylonia. One early such reference is to the impending sack of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II ( Habakkuk 1:6). The Hebrew name for ancient Chaldeans was כשדים (Kasdim). ...more on Wikipedia about "Chaldea"
The Chronology of the Ancient Near East deals with the notoriously difficult task of assigning dates to various events, rulers and dynasties of the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chronology of the Ancient Near East"
Before the decipherment of cuneiform text, knowledge of the history of Babylon and Assyria was mostly dependent upon classical authorities. This history, however, was scanty and questionable. Had the native history of Berossus survived, this may not have been the case; all that is known of the Chaldaean historian's work, however, is derived from quotations in Josephus, Ptolemy, Eusebius and George Syncellus. The authenticity of his list of 10 antediluvian kings who reigned for 120 sari or 432,000 years, has been partially confirmed by the inscriptions; but his 8 postdiluvian dynasties are difficult to reconcile with the monuments, and the numbers attached to them are probably corrupt. It is different with the 7th and 8th dynasties as given by Ptolemy in the Canon of Kings in his Almagest, which prove to have been faithfully recorded: ...more on Wikipedia about "Classical authorities of Babylonia and Assyria" Whatever You're Into, Get Into http://www.shortopedia.com.
The Code of Hammurabi, created ca. 1780 BC ( short chronology), also known as the Codex Hammurabi, and Hammurabi's Code is one of the earliest sets of laws found, and one of the best preserved examples of this type of document from ancient Mesopotamia. Other collections of laws include the codex of Ur-Nammu, king of Ur (ca. 2050 BC), the Codex of Eshnunna (ca. 1930 BC) and the codex of Lipit-Ishtar of Isin (ca. 1870 BC). ...more on Wikipedia about "Code of Hammurabi"
Etemenanki, "The temple of the creation of heaven and earth", was the name of a ziggurat to Marduk in the city of Babylon of the 6th century BC Chaldean (Neo-Babylonian) dynasty. Originally seven stories in height, little remains of it now save ruins. Etemenanki was later popularly identified with the Tower of Babel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Etemenanki"
The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated, because there is a Babylonian King List A and a Babylonian King List B. Hereby we follow temporarily the regnal years of List A, because those are widely used, although we believe that the other list is better, at least for one or two reigns out of the first six. The reigns in List B are longer, in general. ...more on Wikipedia about "First Babylonian Dynasty"
The Geography of Babylonia, like its ethnology and history, enclosed between the two great rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, forms but one country. The writers of antiquity clearly recognized this fact, speaking of the whole under the general name of Assyria, though Babylonia, as will be seen, would have been a more accurate designation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Geography of Babylonia and Assyria"
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