Big Science Big Science In the field of particle physics BaBar is an international collaboration of more than 550 physicists and engineers investigating CP-violation effects using the BaBar particle detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator, Stanford, CA, USA. If the CP symmetry holds, the decay rate of B meson particles and their anti-particles should be equal. Analysis of the BaBar results showed this was not the case—in the summer of 2002, definitive results were published based on the analysis of 87 million B/B-bar meson-pair events, clearly showing the decay rates were not equal. Consistent results were also gathered in the Belle experiment at the KEK laboratory in Japan. ...more on Wikipedia about "BaBar experiment"
Beaumanor Hall is a stately home with a park in the small village of Woodhouse on the edge of the Charnwood Forest, near the town of Loughborough in Leicestershire. ...more on Wikipedia about "Beaumanor Hall"
The Belle Experiment is a particle physics experiment conducted by the Belle Collaboration, an international collaboration of more than 400 physicists and engineers investigating CP-violation effects at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organisation ( KEK) in Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ...more on Wikipedia about "Belle experiment"
Big Science is a term used by scientists and historians of science to describe a series of changes in science which occurred in industrial nations during and after World War II. ...more on Wikipedia about "Big Science"
Bletchley Park (BP) is a site located in the town of Bletchley, in Milton Keynes, England. During World War II, Bletchley Park was the location of the United Kingdom's codebreaking establishment. Codes and ciphers of several countries were deciphered, most famously the German Enigma. The high-level intelligence produced by Bletchley Park was codenamed Ultra. While the exact influence of Ultra on World War II is debated, it is frequently credited with hastening the defeat of Germany by two years. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bletchley Park"
The Canadian Light Source (CLS) is a third generation 2.9 giga electron volt synchrotron located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It opened on October 22, 2004 after three years of construction and cost C$173.5 million. One of only 17 such facilities in the world, it occupies a footprint the size of a football field on the grounds of the University of Saskatchewan. ...more on Wikipedia about "Canadian Light Source Synchrotron"
Ernest Orlando Lawrence ( August 8, 1890 – August 27, 1958) was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his invention of the cyclotron in 1905. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ernest Lawrence"
The Human Genome Project (HGP) endeavored to map the human genome down to the nucleotide (or base pair) level and to identify all the genes present in it. ...more on Wikipedia about "Human Genome Project"
The International Space Station (ISS) is a joint project of five space agencies: ...more on Wikipedia about "International Space Station"
ITER is an international tokamak ( magnetic confinement fusion) experiment, planned to be built in France and designed to show the scientific and technological feasibility of a full-scale fusion power reactor. It builds upon research conducted on devices such as TFTR, JET, JT-60, and T-15, and will be considerably larger than any of them. The program is anticipated to last for 30 years - 10 years for construction, and 20 years of operation - and cost approximately €10 billion. After many years of deliberation, the participants announced in June, 2005 that ITER will be built in Cadarache, France. ...more on Wikipedia about "ITER"
The Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), in La Cañada Flintridge, near Pasadena, California, USA, builds and operates unmanned spacecraft for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA). JPL-run projects include the Galileo Jupiter mission and the Mars rovers, including the 1997 Mars Pathfinder and the twin 2003 Mars Exploration Rovers. To date, JPL has sent unmanned missions to every planet except Pluto. In addition, JPL has also done extensive mapping missions of the Earth. JPL also manages the world-wide Deep Space Network, with facilities in California's Mojave Desert, in Spain near Madrid and in Australia near Canberra. ...more on Wikipedia about "Jet Propulsion Laboratory"
The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is the NASA space vehicle launch facility ( spaceport) at Cape Canaveral on Merritt Island in Florida, United States. The site is midway between Miami and Jacksonville, Florida. It is 55 km long and around 10 km wide, covering 567 km². Around 17,000 people work at the site. There is a visitor center and public tours and KSC is a major tourist destination for visitors to Florida. Because much of KSC is off limits to development, the site also serves as an important wildlife sanctuary, with only 9% of the land developed. ...more on Wikipedia about "John F. Kennedy Space Center"
Kapustin Yar ( Russian Капустин Яр; today Знаменск/Znamensk) is a Russian rocket launch and development site in the Astrakhan Oblast, between Volgograd and Astrakhan. It was established in 1946 and in its beginning used technology, material, and scientific support from defeated Germany. The first rocket was launched on October 18, 1947. It was one of eleven German A-4s (the V-2 rocket) that had been captured. Numerous test rockets for the Russian military, satellite and elevator research rocket launches were also carried out at the site. Supposedly, In 1948, a "Cigar" shaped UFO was shot down by a Russian MiG jet over Kapustin Yar. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kapustin Yar"
LIGO stands for Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. Cofounded in 1992 by Kip Thorne and Ronald Drever, of Caltech and Rainer Weiss, of MIT, LIGO is a joint project between scientists at MIT and Caltech. It is sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF). At the cost of $365 million (in 2002 USD), it has been the largest and most ambitious project ever funded by NSF (and still is as of 2004). The international LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) is a growing group of researchers, some 400 individuals at roughly 40 institutions, working to analyze the data from LIGO and other detectors, and working toward more sensitive future detectors. ...more on Wikipedia about "LIGO"
LOFAR is the LOw Frequency ARray for radio astronomy. It is an ambitious project to build an interferometric array of radio telescopes distributed across the Netherlands and Northern Germany, with a total effective collecting area of up to 1 square kilometre. ...more on Wikipedia about "LOFAR"
The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC), located in the Clear Lake area of southeast Houston, Texas, is NASA's center for human spaceflight. It was built on land donated by nearby Rice University. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center"
Mir (Мир, which can mean both world and peace in Russian) was a highly successful Soviet (and later Russian) space station. It was humanity's first consistently inhabited long-term research station in space. Through a number of collaborations, it was made internationally accessible to cosmonauts and astronauts of many different countries. Mir was assembled in orbit by successively connecting several modules, each launched separately from February 19, 1986 to 1996. The station existed until March 23, 2001, at which point it was deliberately de-orbited and broke apart during atmospheric re-entry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mir"
The Overwhelmingly Large Telescope (OWL) is a conceptual design by the European Southern Observatory organization for a telescope which is intended to have a single aperture of 100 meters in diameter. ...more on Wikipedia about "Overwhelmingly Large Telescope"
Palomar Observatory is a privately-owned observatory located in San Diego County, California, 90 miles (145 km) southeast of Mount Wilson Observatory, on Palomar Mountain. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The observatory currently consists of four main instruments: the 200 inch (5.08 m) Hale Telescope, the 48 inch (1.22 m) Samuel Oschin Telescope, the 18 inch (457 mm) Schmidt telescope, and a 60 inch (1.52 m) reflecting telescope. In addition, the Palomar Testbed Interferometer is located at this observatory. The word palomar is from the Spanish language, dating back from the time of Spanish California, and means pigeon house (in the same sense as henhouse). The name may be in reference to the large shoals of pigeons that can be seen during the spring and autumn months atop Palomar Mountain or reminiscent of an old pigeon-raising facility built there by the Spaniards. ...more on Wikipedia about "Palomar Observatory"
Peenemünde is a village in the northeast of the German island of Usedom. It stands near the mouth(s) of the Peene river, on the easternmost part of the German Baltic coast. ...more on Wikipedia about "Peenemünde"
The Radiation Laboratory or often RadLab at Massachusetts Institute of Technology was in operation from October 1940 until December 31, 1945. The Radiation Laboratory was one division of the National Defense Research Committee, a commission established by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt under the leadership of MIT President Karl T. Compton and Dean of Engineering Vannevar Bush. Lee A. DuBridge was appointed director of the laboratory, later succeded by A.J. Allen. (Other Radiation Laboratories were established by the NDRC at Harvard University, at Columbia University under I.I. Rabi, and at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute.) ...more on Wikipedia about "Radiation Laboratory"
A space elevator is a hypothetical structure designed to transport material from a planet's surface into space. Many different types of space elevator structures have been proposed. They all share the goal of replacing rocket propulsion with the traversal of a fixed structure via a mechanism not unlike an elevator, hence its name, in order to move material into or beyond orbit. Space elevators have also sometimes been referred to as beanstalks, space bridges, space lifts or space ladders. ...more on Wikipedia about "Space elevator"
This article compares space elevator economics with the economics of alternatives like rockets. ...more on Wikipedia about "Space elevator economics"
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), commonly called Star Wars after the popular science fiction series, was a system proposed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan on March 23, 1983 to use space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear missiles. It was never implemented and research in the field tailed off after the end of the Cold War. ...more on Wikipedia about "Strategic Defense Initiative"
The Superconducting Super Collider (often abbreviated as SSC) was a ring particle accelerator which was planned to be built in the area around Waxahachie, Texas. It was planned to have a ring circumference of 87 km (54 mi) and an energy of 20 TeV per beam, potentially enough energy to create a Higgs boson, a particle predicted by the Standard Model, but not yet detected. ...more on Wikipedia about "Superconducting Super Collider"
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