Bioinformatics Bioinformatics An accession number in bioinformatics is a unique identifier given to a DNA or protein sequence record to allow for tracking of different versions of that sequence record and the associated sequence over time in a single data repository. Because of its relative stability, accession numbers can be utilized as foreign keys for referring to a sequence object, but not necessarily to a unique sequence. All sequence information repositories implement the concept of "accession number" but might do so with subtle variations. ...more on Wikipedia about "Accession number (bioinformatics)"
The development of biochips is a major thrust of the rapidly growing biotechnology industry, which encompasses a very diverse range of ...more on Wikipedia about "Biochip"
BioConductor is an open source and open development software project for the analysis and comprehension of genomic data. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bioconductor"
BioCreative (A critical assessment of text mining methods in molecular biology) consists in a community-wide effort for evaluating information extraction and text mining developments in the biological domain. ...more on Wikipedia about "BioCreative"
The Bioinformatic-Harvester is a bioinformatic meta search engine for genes and protein associated information. Harvester currently works for human, mouse and rat proteins. Harvester crosslinks 16 popular bioinformatic resources and allows cross searches. A special ranking systems similar to Google pagerank sorts the search results and displays most relevant information. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bioinformatic Harvester"
Bioinformatics or computational biology is the use of techniques from applied mathematics, informatics, statistics, and computer science to solve biological problems. Research in computational biology often overlaps with systems biology. Major research efforts in the field include sequence alignment, gene finding, genome assembly, protein structure alignment, protein structure prediction, prediction of gene expression and protein-protein interactions, and the modeling of evolution. The terms bioinformatics and computational biology are often used interchangeably, although the latter typically focuses on algorithm development and specific computational methods. (In the biology-mathematics-computer science triad, bioinformatics will intimately involve all three components while computational biology will focus on biology and mathematics.) Due to interest from computer scientists and mathematicians and the popularity of computational techniques in the field of genomics, it is commonly referred to as computational biology; a more accurate term is computational genomics. There are also lesser known but equally important areas of computational biochemistry and computational biophysics, that are also a part of computational biology. (For working definitions of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology used by National Institutes of Health please see this link .) A common thread in projects in bioinformatics and computational genomics is the use of mathematical tools to extract useful information from noisy data produced by high-throughput biological techniques. (The field of data mining overlaps with computational biology in this regard.) Representative problems in computational biology include the assembly of high-quality DNA sequences from fragmentary "shotgun" DNA sequencing, and the prediction of gene regulation with data from mRNA microarrays or mass spectrometry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bioinformatics"
The BioJava Project is an open source project dedicated to providing Java tools for processing biological data. This will include objects for manipulating sequences, file parsers, CORBA interoperability, DAS, access to ACeDB, dynamic programming, and simple statistical routines. ...more on Wikipedia about "BioJava"
Please tell your friends about www.shortopedia.com
As of 2004, there are around 500 public and commercial biological databases. These databases usually contain genomics and proteomics data, but databases are also used in taxonomy. The data are nucleotide sequences of genes or amino acid sequences of proteins. Furthermore information about function, structure, localisation on chromosome, clinical effects of mutations as well as similarities of biological sequences can be found. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biological database"
Biomedical informatics is a discipline related to Bioinformatics and has its roots in medical informatics or healthcare informatics. It studies the use of information technology and advanced research computing in the practice of biomedical sciences and medicine. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biomedical informatics"
Bioperl is a collection of Perl modules that facilitate the development of Perl scripts for bioinformatics applications. ...more on Wikipedia about "BioPerl"
The BioPython Project is an international association of developers of freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology, as well as bioinformatics. ...more on Wikipedia about "BioPython"
BioRuby is a package of Open Source Ruby code, with classes for DNA and protein sequence analysis, alignment, database parsing, and other Bioinformatics tools. Recently, tools for structural biology have been added. ...more on Wikipedia about "BioRuby"
In bioinformatics, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, or BLAST, is an algorithm for comparing biological sequences, such as the amino-acid sequences of different proteins or the DNA sequences. A BLAST search enables a researcher to compare a query sequence with a library or database of sequences, and identify library sequences that resemble the query sequence above a certain threshold. For example, following the discovery of a previously unknown gene in the mouse, a scientist will typically perform a BLAST search of the human genome to see if human beings carry a similar gene; BLAST will identify sequences in the human genome that resemble the mouse gene based on similarity of sequence. ...more on Wikipedia about "BLAST"
CASP, which stands for Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction, is a community-wide experiment (though it is commonly referred to as a competition) for protein structure prediction taking place every two years. ...more on Wikipedia about "CASP"
It's time to think about shortopedia.
Clustal ...more on Wikipedia about "Clustal"
Computational neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field which draws on neuroscience, computer science and applied mathematics. It most often uses mathematical and computational techniques such as computer simulations and mathematical models to understand the function of the nervous system. ...more on Wikipedia about "Computational neuroscience"
In molecular biology and bioinformatics, a consensus sequence is a way of representing the results of a multiple sequence alignment, where related sequences are compared to each other, and similar functional sequence motifs are found. The consensus sequence shows which residues are conserved (are always the same), and which residues are variable. ...more on Wikipedia about "Consensus sequence"
In mathematics, a distance matrix is a matrix (two-dimensional array) containing the distances, taken pairwise, of a set of points. It is therefore a symmetric N×N matrix containing non-negative reals as elements, given N points in Euclidean space. The number of pairs of points N×(N-1)/2 is the number of independent elements in the distance matrix. ...more on Wikipedia about "Distance matrix"
A DNA microarray is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface, such as glass, plastic or silicon chip forming an array. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously. The affixed DNA segments are known as probes (although some sources will use different nomenclature), thousands of which can be used in a single DNA microarray. Microarray technology evolved from Southern Blotting, where fragmented DNA is attached to a substrate and then probed with a known gene or fragment. Measuring gene expression using microarrays is relevant to many areas of biology and medicine, such as studying treatments, disease and developmental stages. ...more on Wikipedia about "DNA microarray"
Ensembl is a bioinformatics research project aiming to "develop a software system which produces and maintains automatic annotation on selected eukaryotic genomes". It is run in a collaboration between the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and the European Bioinformatics Institute, an outstation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ensembl"
The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. NCBI is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), itself a department of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the United States government. ...more on Wikipedia about "Entrez"
The European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) part of European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) is a centre for research and services in bioinformatics. It is located by the small village of Hinxton, outside Cambridge, UK. The European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) is a pioneer of novel and developmental bioinformatics research. The EBI have specialist research and services groups providing a valuable resource of biological data and utilities to aid the scientific community in the understanding of genomic and proteomic data. ...more on Wikipedia about "European Bioinformatics Institute"
FASTA is a sequence alignment package first described (as FASTP) by David J. Lipman and William R. Pearson in 1985 in the article Rapid and sensitive protein similarity searches . The original FASTP program was designed for protein sequence similarity searching. FASTA, described in 1988 ( Improved Programs for Biological Sequence Comparison ) added the ability to do DNA:DNA searches, translated protein:DNA searches and provided a more sophisticated shuffling program for evaluating statistical significance. There are several programs in this package that allow the alignment of protein sequences and DNA sequences. FASTA is pronounced "FAST-Aye", and stands for "FAST-All", because it works with any alphabet, an extension of "FAST-P" (protein) and "FAST-N" (nucleotide) alignment. ...more on Wikipedia about "FASTA"
In bioinformatics, FASTA format is a file format used to exchange information between genetic sequence databases. Its format looks like this: ...more on Wikipedia about "FASTA format"
The GenBank sequence database is an annotated collection of all publicly available nucleotide sequences and their protein translations. This database is produced at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) as part of an international collaboration with the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Data Library from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ). GenBank and its collaborators receive sequences produced in laboratories throughout the world from more than 100,000 distinct organisms. GenBank continues to grow at an exponential rate, doubling every 10 months. Release 134, produced in February 2003, contained over 29.3 billion nucleotide bases in more than 23.0 million sequences. GenBank is built by direct submissions from individual laboratories, as well as from bulk submissions from large-scale sequencing centers. ...more on Wikipedia about "GenBank"
Please inform your friends about http://www.shortopedia.com
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the Wikipedia . Direct links to the original articles are in the text.
If you use exact copy or modified of this article you should preserve above paragraph and put also : It uses material from
the Shortopedia article about "Bioinformatics".
| MAIN PAGE | MAIN INDEX | CONTACT US |