Biological warfare

* Dr. Alan Cantwell, author of AIDS and the Doctors of Death: An Inquiry into the Origin of the AIDS Epidemic and Queer Blood: The Secret AIDS Genocide Plot, believes that HIV is a genetically modified organism developed by U.S. Government scientists; that it was introduced into the population through Hepatitis B experiments performed on gay and bisexual men between 1978-1981 in Manhattan, Los Angeles, San Francisco, St. Louis, Denver, and Chicago. Cantwell claims these experiments were directed by Dr. Wolf Szmuness; and that there is an ongoing government and media cover-up regarding the origin of the AIDS epidemic. Similar theories have been advanced by Dr. Robert B. Strecker, Matilde Krim and by William Milton Cooper, author of Behold A Pale Horse ...more on Wikipedia about "AIDS conspiracy theories"

The only licensed human anthrax vaccine in the United States, AVA, is produced by BioPort Corporation in Lansing, Michigan. The anthrax vaccine is cultured from a toxigenic, nonencapsulated strain known as V770-NP1-R. No living organisms are present in the vaccine. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anthrax vaccine"

Biodefense refers to short term, local, usually military measures to restore biosecurity to a given group of persons in a given area — in the civilian terminology, it is a very robust biohazard response. It is technically possible to apply biodefense measures to protect animals or plants, but this is generally uneconomic. However, protection of water supplies and food supplies are often a critical part of biodefense. Various definitions of biosafety emerged in different professions to guarantee non-human health. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biodefense"

Biohazard is the name of a book by former Soviet biological warfare researcher Ken Alibek, purporting to expose the former Soviet Union's covert bioweapon program. The book explains in detail the life of a Bioweapons developer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biohazard (book)"

Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of any organism ( bacteria, virus or other disease-causing organism) or toxin found in nature, as a weapon of war. It is meant to incapacitate or kill an adversary. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biological warfare"

The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction (usually referred to as just Biological Weapons Convention, abbreviation: BWC) was the first multilateral disarmament treaty banning the production of an entire category of weapons (with exceptions for medical and defensive purposes in small quantities). It was the result of prolonged efforts by the international community to establish a new instrument that would supplement the 1925 Geneva Protocol. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biological Weapons Convention"

Before the collapse of the USSR, all biological weapons programs were grouped under the single organization of Biopreparat since 1973. Its 30,000 employees helped to both develop research and to produce pathogenic weapons and antidotals for the defense of the Soviet Union. The biopreparat complex suffered with the collapse of the USSR. Its current presence is greatly reduced, however it is likely that Biopreparat and successor entities continued bioweapons research and development at least through the mid to late 1990s. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biopreparat"

Bioterrorism is terrorism using germ warfare, an intentional human release of a naturally-occurring or human-modified toxin or biological agent. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bioterrorism"

The duct tape alert refers to the recommendations made by the Department of Homeland Security on February 10, 2003, that Americans should prepare for a biological, chemical, or radiological terrorist attack by assembling a "disaster supply kit", including duct tape and plastic, among other items. ** ** ** . ...more on Wikipedia about "Duct tape alert"

The US Army's Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) is facility located approximately 85 miles (140 km) southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah. It encompasses approximately 800,000 acres (32 km²) of the Great Salt Lake Desert and is surrounded on three sides by mountain ranges. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dugway Proving Ground"

Fort Detrick—formerly Camp Detrick—is a United States Army medical installation located in Frederick, Maryland. It is home to the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID). ...more on Wikipedia about "Fort Detrick"

The Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, usually called the Geneva Protocol, is a treaty to ban the use of chemical and biological weapons. It was signed at Geneva on June 17, 1925 and was entered into force on February 8, 1928. ...more on Wikipedia about "Geneva Protocol"

Gruinard Island is a small Scottish island, located in Gruinard Bay, about halfway between Gairloch and Ullapool. In 1942, it was the site of a biological warfare test. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gruinard Island"

Dr. Kenneth Alibek was born Kanatjan Alibekov in Kazakhstan. After earning his medical degree, he joined the field of bioweapons, and eventually became the First Deputy Director of Biopreparat in the Soviet Union. During his years of developing the world's deadliest biological agents, such as a 100% lethal genetically engineered virus combining the Ebola and smallpox viruses (sometimes called Blackpox), Alibek and his colleages worked under the assumption that the U.S. was developing the same types of weapons. After a trip to inspect U.S. facilities for signs of bioweapon development, he discovered that the U.S., unlike the Soviet Union, was abiding by an agreement not to develop biological weapons. Following this realization, and knowing no English, Alibek defected to the United States in 1992, and provided the U.S. with details of the Soviet Union's weapons programs. He is one of the most published of bioweapons experts, producing over eighty articles for classified government bioweapons journals. His current research in Manassas, Virginia focuses on enhancing the power of the general immune system to better respond to bioweapons exposure. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kenneth Alibek"

Khabarovsk War Crime Trials were a series of hearings held between December 25 - 31st, 1949 in the Russian industrial city of Khabarovsk, (Хабáровск) situated on the Russian Far East (Дáльний Востóк). Here, 12 members of the Kantogun were put on trial for the manufacture and use of biological weapons during World War Two. All twelve were found guilty, and sentenced to terms between 2 and 25 years of labour camps. All were repatriated to Japan in 1956. It has been suggested that the accused were given light sentences in a plea bargain which provided the Soviet Union with all the data and notes pertaining to the work of Unit 731. ...more on Wikipedia about "Khabarovsk War Crime Trials"

Operation Cauldron was a secret biological warfare trial undertaken by the British government in 1952 . Scientists from Porton Down and the British Navy were involved in releasing biological agents, including plague ("agent L") at sea off the coast of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides and testing the effects of the agents on caged animals. In one test, a trawler, sailed through a cloud of plague bacteria ( Yersinia pestis) on its return from a fishing trip to the waters around Iceland causing concern about a possible plauge outbrake around its home port in north-west England . This event was successfully covered up by Churchill's government; the trawler Carella was apparently kept under covert observation until the incubation period had elapsed, with a naval medical team ready, but none of the crew fell ill. ...more on Wikipedia about "Operation Cauldron"

Operation Dark Winter was the code name for a senior-level bio-terrorist attack simulation conducted on June 22 - 23, 2001. It was designed to carry out a mock version of a covert and widespread smallpox attack on the United States. Tara O'Toole and Thomas Inglesby of the Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies (CCBS) / Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) , and Randy Larsen and Mark DeMier of ANSER were the principal designers, authors, and controllers of the Dark Winter project. ...more on Wikipedia about "Operation Dark Winter"

Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, or often known more simply as Porton Down, is a United Kingdom government facility for military bio-chemical research. It is located near Salisbury in Wiltshire, England, and is operated by the Ministry of Defence Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl). ...more on Wikipedia about "Porton Down"

MKDELTA, like its successor MKNAOMI, was a mind control operation run by the Central Intelligence Agency. It involved the use of biochemicals in clandestine operations. ...more on Wikipedia about "Project MKDELTA"

MKNAOMI was the code name for a joint Department of Defense / CIA research program lasting from the 1950s through the 1970s. Unclassified information about the MKNAOMI program and the related Special Operations Division is scarce. It is generally reported to be a successor to the MKDELTA project and to have focused on biological projects including biological warfare agents—specifically, to store materials that could either incapacitate or kill a test subject and to develop devices for the diffusion of such materials. ...more on Wikipedia about "Project MKNAOMI"

Rajneesh Chandra Mohan Jain ( December 11, 1931 - January 19, 1990), better known during the 1970s as Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh and later as Osho was an Indian spiritual teacher or guru. He lived in India and the United States and was the spiritual head of the Osho-Rajneesh movement, a controversial new religious movement. ...more on Wikipedia about "Rajneesh"

The Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) is the United States' national repository of antibiotics, chemical antidotes, antitoxins, vaccines, life-support medications, IV administration supplies, airway maintenance supplies and medical/surgical items. The SNS is designed to supplement and re-supply state and local public health agencies in the event of a national emergency, especially bioterrorism, anywhere and at anytime within the United States or its territories. ...more on Wikipedia about "Strategic National Stockpile"

(Sverdlovsk anthrax leak) == Outbreak == ...more on Wikipedia about "Sverdlovsk anthrax leak"

The Hot Zone is a 1995 non-fiction bio-thriller by Richard Preston describing the origins of and incidents involving hemorrhagic fevers Ebola and Marburg. Both diseases are lethal, highly contagious viruses that are often found in central Africa. Along with describing the history of these two illnesses, Preston describes an incident in which Ebola was found in a Reston, Viginia, monkey storage warehouse. ...more on Wikipedia about "The Hot Zone"

Unit 100 was a secret Imperial Japanese Army facility that focused on the development of biological weapons during World War II. It was operated by the Kempeitai, the Japanese military police. It was located in Shenyang (瀋陽) China and was disguised as an epidemic prevention and water supply unit. ...more on Wikipedia about "Unit 100"

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