Branches of psychology Branches of psychology Biological psychology may be looked at as a hybrid of neuroscience and psychology. Practitioners of biological psychology may use their knowledge of the brain, from neurotransmitters to the cerebral cortex to treat their patients. Others may use this knowledge to search for biological causes for common mental illnesses, such as depression and schizophrenia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biological psychology"
Color psychology is a field of study devoted to analyzing the effect of color on human behavior and feeling, distinct from phototherapy (the use of ultraviolet light to cure infantile jaundice). Color psychology is an immature field of study viewed dubiously by mainstream psychologists and therefore qualifies as " alternative medicine". Critics view it as an overstatement of what can be justified by research, and point out that different cultures have completely different interpretations of color. ...more on Wikipedia about "Color psychology"
Comparative psychology, taken in its most usual, broad sense, refers to the study of the behaviour and mental life of animals other than human beings. It is synonymous with animal psychology, but although the latter would be a more accurate term, it is less often used. Veterinarians sometimes use the phrase "animal psychology" to refer specifically to the study of disordered behaviour in animals, discussed below. ...more on Wikipedia about "Comparative psychology"
(Critical psychology) Germany ...more on Wikipedia about "Critical psychology"
Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field focused on the interplay between humans and their surroundings. ...more on Wikipedia about "Environmental psychology"
Health psychology is the “…use of psychological principles to promote health and to prevent illness (Taylor, 1990).” Health psychology considers the biological, cognitive, behavioral, emotional, social, psychosomatic and environmental factors as they relate to health and illness. This approach to health is also known as the biopsychosocial model. Health psychology is both a theoretical and applied science. Researchers try to determine causation between psychological factors and health for the population as a whole, and present this information to educators, policy makers, and health care practitioners for the promotion of better public health. Therapists generally conduct health interviews with clients that constructs a more holistic picture of each person’s health, one that includes their genes, religious beliefs, social supports, living conditions, emotional state, and beliefs of health, etc. They use this information to work alongside a person’s doctors and therapists to develop a treatment tailored for individual needs. ...more on Wikipedia about "Health psychology"
Individual differences psychology studies the ways in which individual people differ in their behavior. This is distinguished from other aspects of psychology in that although psychology is ostensibly a study of individuals, modern psychologists invariably study groups. For example, in evaluating the effectiveness of a new therapy, the mean performance of the therapy in one group might be compared to the mean effectiveness of a placebo (or a well-known therapy) in a second, control group. In this context, differences between individuals in their reaction to the experimental and control manipulations are actually treated as errors rather than as interesting phenomena to study. This is because psychological research depends upon statistical controls that are only defined upon groups of people. Individual difference psychologists usually express their interest in individuals while studying groups by seeking dimensions shared by all individuals but upon which individuals differ. Individual differences typically includes the study of intelligence (trait) and IQ and the study of personality. ...more on Wikipedia about "Individual differences psychology"
Legal psychology was defined by James Ogloff in his 2000 article 'Two Steps Forward and One Step Back' as 'the scientific study of the effect of law on people; and the effect people have on the law'. Legal psychology also includes the application of the study and practice of psychology to legal institutions and people who come into contact with the law. Legal psychology is a field which takes basic social and cognitive theories and principles and applies them to issues in the legal system such as eyewitness memory, criminal and civil jury decision-making, investigations and interviewing, just to name a few. Most notably, legal psychologists have been involved in areas such as wrongful convictions and actual innocence cases, jury and trial consulting, as well as Department of Justice guidelines on eyewitness identification. ...more on Wikipedia about "Legal psychology"
Liberation Social Psychology (la psicología social de la liberación, PSL) has developed amongst a body of psychologists in Latin America since the 1980s. THe initiator was Ignacio Martín-Baró (one of the Jesuits murdered by the Salvadorian army in 1989 at University of Cetnral America in San Salvador) and was developed by Maritza Montero, amongst others. Within PSL, key concepts emerge, including 'conscientization', 'realismo-crítico', 'de-ideologisation', a social orientation, 'the preferential option for the oppressed majorities' and methodological eclecticism. PSL can be considered in terms of three broad areas of work. First, it is suggested that community social psychology as practised in some parts of Latin America reflects PSL in its emphasis on social transformation and participatory methods. Second, psycho-social work with victims of state oppression, which adopts a highly social and societal orientation embodies PSL. Third, social analyses which explicitly adopt socio-psychological-political analyses of the social realities confronting countries in Latin America embrace, in different ways, principles and concepts of PSL. ...more on Wikipedia about "Liberation psychology"
Performance psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the factors that allow individuals, communities and societies to flourish. ...more on Wikipedia about "Performance psychology"
Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field dedicated to the study of the psychology behind political behavior by voters, lawmakers, local and national governments and administrations, international organizations, political parties and associations... ...more on Wikipedia about "Political psychology"
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