Cancer treatments

Alemtuzumab (marketed as Campath or Campath-1H) is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and T-cell lymphoma. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alemtuzumab"

Artemisinin is a drug used to treat multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria. The compound (a sesquiterpene lactone) is isolated from the shrub Artemisia annua long-used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Not all shrubs of this species contain artemisinin. Apparently it is only produced when the plant is subjected to certain conditions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Artemisinin"

Bevacizumab (Avastin®) is an anti- angiogenesis drug used in treatment of cancer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bevacizumab"

Cancer Immunotherapy is the use of the immune system to reject cancer. The main premise is stimulating the patient's immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells that are responsible for the disease. This can be either through immunization of the patient, in which case the patient's own immune system is trained to recognize tumor cells as targets to be destroyed, or through the administration of therapeutic antibodies as drugs, in which case the patient's immune system is recruited to destroy tumor cells by the therapeutic antibodies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cancer immunotherapy"

The term cancer vaccine is often used to describe a process whereby a person's immune system is coaxed into recognizing and destroying malignant cells without harming normal cells. A cancer vaccine is generally considered an immunotherapy, because, unlike prophylactic vaccines against diseases such as polio, influenza, and tuberculosis, a cancer vaccine is not preventive and must be administered after cancerous cells develop. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cancer vaccine"

Cetuximab (Erbitux®) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody given by intravenous injection for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cetuximab"

Chemotherapy is the use of chemical substances to treat disease. In its modern-day use, it refers primarily to cytotoxic drugs used to treat cancer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chemotherapy"

CHOP is the acronym for a chemotherapy regimen used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ...more on Wikipedia about "CHOP"

Erlotinib hydrochloride (Tarceva®, Genentech/OSIP) is a drug used to treat non-small cell lung cancer and in clinical trials for several other types of cancer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Erlotinib"

Experimental cancer treatments are medical therapies intended or claimed to treat cancer (see also tumor) by improving on, supplementing or replacing conventional methods ( surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy). ...more on Wikipedia about "Experimental cancer treatment"

FOLFOX is a chemotherapy regimen for treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, consisting of concurrent treatment with fluorouracil, leucovorin ( folinic acid), and oxaliplatin. Patients typically receive a treatment every two weeks, all drugs are adminsitered intravenously. Leucovorin and oxaliplatin are administered as an infusion lasting two hours, this is followed by fluorouracil which is administered in two different ways: a bolus injection lasting a few minutes and a continuous infusion lasting 48 hours. ...more on Wikipedia about "FOLFOX"

Fulvestrant is a drug treatment of hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in post-menopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy. It is an estrogen receptor antagonist with no agonist effects and down-regulates the estrogen receptor. It is administered as a once-monthly injection for cows. ...more on Wikipedia about "Fulvestrant"

Gefitinib is a new drug used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Acting in a similar manner to erlotinib (marketed as Tarceva), gefitinib selectively targets the mutant proteins in malignant cells. It is marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade name Iressa®. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gefitinib"

Ibritumomab tiuxetan, also sold under the trade name Zevalin® is a monoclonal antibody radioimmunotherapy treatment for some forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a myeloproliferative disorder of the lymphatic system. This drug uses the parent mouse antibody to Rituxan (another treatment for lymphoma) call tositumomab, and adds it to radioactive isotopes Yttrium (Y-90) or Indium (In-111). The antibody binds to the CD20 antigen found on the surface of B cells, letting radiation from isotope (mostly beta emittion) to kill that cell and some surrounding cells. This eliminates B cells (including the cancerous ones) from the body, allowing a new population of healthy B cells to develop from lymphoid stem cells. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ibritumomab tiuxetan"

Imatinib is a drug used to treat certain types of cancer. It is currently marketed by Novartis as Gleevec® ( USA) or Glivec® ( Europe/ Australia) as its mesylate salt, imatinib mesilate ( INN). It is occasionally still referred to as CGP57148B or STI571 (especially in older publications). It is used in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and a number of other malignancies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Imatinib"

Interleukin-2 (IL2) is an interleukin, a type of biological response modifier that can improve the body's natural response to disease. It binds to IL2 receptors. ...more on Wikipedia about "Interleukin 2"

Irinotecan is a chemotherapy agent that is a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor. ...more on Wikipedia about "Irinotecan"

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), developed at Roswell Park Cancer Institute in the 1970's, is a ternary treatment for cancer involving three key components: a photosensitizer, light, and tissue oxygen. It is also being investigated for treatment of psoriasis and acne, and is an approved treatment for wet macular degeneration. ...more on Wikipedia about "Photodynamic therapy"

A radiation burn is damage to the skin or other biological tissue caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. The most common type of radiation burn is a sun burn caused by UV light. High exposure to x rays during diagnostic medical imaging or radiotherapy have also resulted in radiation burns. As the ionizing radiation interacts with cells within the body, damaging them, the body responds to this damage, typically resulting in erythema, redness around the damaged area. Radiation burns are often associated with cancer due to the ability of ionizing radiation to interact and damage DNA, occasionally inducing a cell to become cancerous. ...more on Wikipedia about "Radiation burn"

Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionising radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). Radiotherapy may be used for curative or adjuvant cancer treatment. It is often used as a palliative treatment, where cure is not possible and the aim is for local disease control or symptomatic relief. Total body irradiation (TBI) is a special radiotherapy technique used to prepare the body to receive a bone marrow transplant. Radiotherapy has a few applications in non-malignant conditions, such as the treatment of severe thyroid eye disease, pterygium, prevention of keloid scar growth, and prevention of heterotopic bone formation. The use of radiotherapy in non-malignant conditions is limited partly by worries about the risk of radiation-induced cancers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Radiation therapy"

Rituximab, sold under the trade names Rituxan® and MabThera®, is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ...more on Wikipedia about "Rituximab"

Targeted therapy is a type of medication which blocks the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, rather than by simply interfering with rapidly dividing cells. Targeted cancer therapies may be more effective than current treatments and less harmful to normal cells. ...more on Wikipedia about "Targeted therapy"

Teniposide is a medication prescribed mainly used to treat childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is in a class of drugs known as podophyllotoxin derivatives and slows the growth of cancer cells in the body. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and thinned or brittle hair. Its brand name is "Vumon" and it is also known as VM-26. ...more on Wikipedia about "Teniposide"

Tirapazamine (SR-4233) is an experimental anticancer drug that is activated to a toxic radical only at very low levels of oxygen ( hypoxia). Such levels are common in human solid tumors, a phenomenon known as tumor hypoxia. Thus, tirapazamine is activated to its toxic form preferentially in the hypoxic areas of solid tumors. Cells in these regions are resistant to killing by radiotherapy and most anticancer drugs. Thus the combination of tirapazamine with conventional anticancer treatments is particularly effective. As of 2006, tirapazamine is undergoing phase III testing in patients with head and neck cancer, and similar trials are being undertaken for other solid tumor types. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tirapazamine"

Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is an anti- cancer therapy that acts on the HER2/neu (erbB2) receptor. "Receptors" are usually protein molecules on the surface of a cell which allow the cell to respond to hormones and other signals from other cells. Herceptin's principal use is in breast cancer in patients whose tumors overexpress (produce more than the usual amount of) this receptor. Trastuzumab is administered either once a week or once every three weeks intravenously for 30 to 90 minutes. ...more on Wikipedia about "Trastuzumab"

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