Cardiovascular diseases

Acrocyanosis is a disorder of the cardiovascular system that causes cyanosis (a bluish discoloration of the skin) of the hands and sometimes the feet. It is a relatively benign disorder and there is usually no medical treatment advised. ...more on Wikipedia about "Acrocyanosis"

Amaurosis fugax (Greek: fugax meaning fugitive, amaurosis meaning darkening, dark, or obscure) is a painless, temporary loss of vision in one eye caused by decreased blood flow ( ischemia) to the retina. It is a type of transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The lack of blood flow can be caused by emboli (moving clots) obstructing blood flow in the retinal artery or ophthalmic artery. The most common causes are a clot of plaque or a blood clot from a stenosed carotid artery, other sources are heart or heart valves and arterial spasm. Vision loss lasts for the period of time the clot obstructs blood flow. ...more on Wikipedia about "Amaurosis fugax"

Arteritis is inflammation of the walls of arteries, usually as a result of infection or auto-immune response. ...more on Wikipedia about "Arteritis"

An atheroma (plural: atheromata) is an abnormal fatty deposit which develops within the walls of arteries over time. Veins do not develop atheromata, unless surgically moved to function as an artery, as in bypass surgery. In the context of heart or artery matters, atheroma is commonly referred to as "plaque." ...more on Wikipedia about "Atheroma"

Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels (as well as veins that have been surgically moved to function as arteries). Athēra is porridge in Greek, as the plaque changes have a foamy appearance under high-power light microscopy. Sclerosis denotes hardening; calcification within the oldest, outermost portion of atheroma increase wall stiffness. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atherosclerosis"

Buerger's disease (also known as thromboangiitis obliterans) is an acute inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of arteries and veins of the hands and feet. It is strongly associated with use of tobacco products, primarily from smoking, but also from smokeless tobacco. ...more on Wikipedia about "Buerger's disease"

A cardiac arrest is the cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract effectively during systole. The resulting lack of blood supply results in cell death from oxygen starvation. Cerebral hypoxia, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain, causes victims to lose consciousness and stop breathing. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cardiac arrest"

There's a bit of shortopedia in all of us. Cardiovascular_diseases

Cardiopulmonary arrest refers to the combination of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, each detialed below: ...more on Wikipedia about "Cardiopulmonary arrest"

Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart and/or blood vessels ( arteries and veins). While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system, it is usually used to refer to those related to atherosclerosis (arterial disease). These conditions have similar causes, mechanisms, and treatments. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cardiovascular disease"

Carotid artery stenosis is obstruction of the carotid artery, usually by atheroma (a fatty lump, the result of atherosclerosis). It may result in transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) as it obstructs to bloodstream to the brain and generates emboli (blood clots) that obstruct the cerebral arteries. ...more on Wikipedia about "Carotid artery stenosis"

A cerebral hemorrhage or hemorrhagic stroke is a form of stroke that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or bleeds. Hemorrhagic strokes are deadlier than their more common counterpart, ischemic strokes. Like ischemic strokes, hemorrhagic strokes interrupt the brain's blood supply, but in addition, blood irritates brain tissue, disrupting the delicate chemical balance, and, if the bleeding continues, the increased intracranial pressure can crush brain tissue and restrict blood flow into the brain (NINDS 1999). ...more on Wikipedia about "Cerebral hemorrhage"

Congophilic angiopathy, also known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy, is a form of angiopathy in which the same amyloid protein associated with Alzheimer's disease ( Amyloid beta) is deposited in the walls of the blood vessels of the brain. The term congophilic is used because the presence of the abnormal amyloid protein can be demonstrated by microscopic examination of brain tissue after application of a special stain called Congo red. ...more on Wikipedia about "Congophilic angiopathy"

Coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherosclerotic heart disease, is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium (the muscle of the heart). While the symptoms and signs of coronary heart disease are noted in the advanced state of disease, most individuals with coronary heart disease show no evidence of disease for decades as the disease progresses before the first onset of symptoms, often a "sudden" heart attack, finally arise. After decades of progression, some of these atheromatous plaques may rupture and (along with the activation of the blood clotting system) start limiting blood flow to the heart muscle. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coronary heart disease"

Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome (also called chondroectodermal dysplasia or mesoectodermal dysplasia) is a rare genetic disorder of the skeletal dysplasia type. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ellis-van Creveld syndrome"

The French paradox refers to the fact that people in France suffer relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease, despite their diet being rich in saturated fats. The phenomenon was first noted by Irish physician Samuel Black in 1819. ...more on Wikipedia about "French paradox"

Holiday heart syndrome is a result of binge drinking. ...more on Wikipedia about "Holiday heart syndrome"

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI or MI), commonly known as a heart attack, is a serious, sudden heart condition usually characterized by varying degrees of chest pain or discomfort, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and arrhythmias, sometimes causing loss of consciousness. It occurs when the blood supply to a part of the heart is interrupted, causing death and scarring of the local heart tissue. Since the area affected may be large or small, the severity of heart attacks vary, but they are often a life-threatening medical emergency which demand both immediate attention and activation of the emergency medical services. ...more on Wikipedia about "Myocardial infarction"

In medicine ( cardiology), myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, the muscular part of the heart. It is generally due to infection ( viral or bacterial). It may present with rapid signs of heart failure. ...more on Wikipedia about "Myocarditis"

In medicine ( vascular surgery), Peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) (also known as Peripheral vascular disease or PVD) is a collator for all disease caused by the obstruction of large peripheral arteries, which can result from atherosclerosis, inflammatory processes leading to stenosis, an embolism or thrombus formation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Peripheral artery occlusive disease"

Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. Perhaps the most famous sufferer from phlebitis was the late United States president Richard Nixon. The condition was also detailed in The Dharma Bums and other writings by Beat author Jack Kerouac, who suffered from the disease probably brought on by years of benzedrine and alcohol abuse. However, most people with the condition, perhaps 80 to 90 percent, are women. The disease may also have a genetic component, as it is known to run in families. ...more on Wikipedia about "Phlebitis"

The Polymeal is a diet-based approach to combatting heart disease, proposed in December 2004 by a group of Dutch, Belgian, and Australian researchers. It was proposed in response to a 2003 report suggesting the creation of the " polypill", a multi-drug-based strategy for reducing heart disease. The researchers used the same technique in the polypill paper: a statistical " meta-analysis" which combined the results of many previous studies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Polymeal"

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted. In brain tissue, a reduction of blood flow, ischemia, leads to an ischemic cascade that can damage or kill brain cells. Death of brain tissue can lead to loss of the function controlled by that tissue. Thus stroke is the third leading cause of death and leading cause of adult disability in the US and industrialized European nations (Jauch, 2005), and is a medical emergency. To underscore the seriousness of stroke, in recent years the term brain attack has become increasingly popular, in relation to the established term "heart attack" used for myocardial infarction. ...more on Wikipedia about "Stroke"

Takayasu's arteritis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects the aorta and its branches. Although it has been reported worldwide, it shows a predilection for young Asian women. Females with this disease outnumber males by 8:1, and the age of onset is typically between 15 and 30 yr. In the Western world, atherosclerosis is a more frequent cause of obstruction of the aortic arch vessels than is Takayasu's arteritis. ...more on Wikipedia about "Takayasu's arteritis"

Thrombophlebitis is phlebitis (vein inflammation) related to a blood clot or thrombus. When is occurs repeatedly in diffent locations, it is known as "Thrombophlebitis migrans". ...more on Wikipedia about "Thrombophlebitis"

A transient ischemic attack (TIA, often colloquially referred to as "mini stroke") is caused by temporary disturbance of blood supply to a restricted area of brain and cause brief (less than 24 hours) neurologic dysfunction. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transient ischemic attack"

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