Caucasus

Abkhazia ( Abkhaz Аҧсны/Aphsny, Georgian აფხაზეთი/Apxazeti, Russian Абха́зия/Abhazia) is a region of 8,600 km² (3,300 sq.mi.) in the Caucasus. It is formally an autonomous republic within Georgia but is de facto independent, although not recognised as such internationally. The capital is Sukhum (Sokhumi)². ...more on Wikipedia about "Abkhazia"

The Abkhazians or Abkhaz are a Caucasian ethnic group, mainly living in Abkhazia, and distinct from Georgians. In language and culture they are related to the mountain peoples of the North Caucasus and are some of the oldest inhabitants of West Transcaucasia. Abkhazians refer to their traditional lands as "Ashvy". They speak the Abkhaz language, a Northwest Caucasian language ...more on Wikipedia about "Abkhazians"

The Republic of Adygea ( ; Adyghe: Адыгэ Республик) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic) enclaved within Krasnodar Krai. The direct transliteration of the republic's name is Respublika Adygeya. Other ways of transliterating the republic's name include Adygeya and Adyghea. ...more on Wikipedia about "Adygea"

Ajaria ( Georgian აჭარა Ačara), officially the Autonomous Republic of Ajaria, (also known as Ajara, Adjaria, Adjara, Adzharia and Adzhara) is an autonomous republic of Georgia, in the southwestern corner of the country, bordered by Turkey to the south and the eastern end of the Black Sea. Previously it was also known as Adzharistan and Adzharian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Adzharian ASSR). ...more on Wikipedia about "Ajaria"

Alp Ilutuer was the ruler of the North Caucasian Huns during the 680's CE. He is mentioned in the account of Bishop Israel of Caucasian Albania, who travelled to Alp Ilutuer's court in an unsuccessful attempt to convert him and his people to Christianity. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alp Iluetuer"

An aoul (derived from Tatar language awıl) is a type of fortified village found throughout the Caucasus mountains, especially in Dagestan. They are generally built out of stone on faces of ridges or against cliffs to guard against surprise attacks. Houses are usually two stories high, and they were staggered to make it virtually impossible for enemies to get anywhere on the roads. The houses usually have a southern aspect to take advantage of the sun in the winter and to be sheltered from the northern winds. Often, they are not located near good farmland or water sources, so it is necessary to bring water into the settlement. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aoul"

The Armenian Genocide (also known as the Armenian Holocaust or the Armenian Massacre) is a term which refer to the forced mass evacuation and related deaths of hundreds of thousands or over a million Armenians, during the government of Young Turks from 1915 to 1917 in Ottoman Empire. Several facts in connection with the event are a matter of ongoing dispute between parts of the international community and Turkey. Although it is generally agreed that events said to comprise what is termed the Armenian Genocide did occur, the Turkish government rejects that it was genocide, on the alleged basis that the deaths among the Armenians, were not a result of a state-sponsored plan of mass extermination, but from the result of inter-ethnic strife, disease and famine during the turmoil of World War I. ...more on Wikipedia about "Armenian Genocide"

Avary is the land of the Avars and forms the northern part of the Dagestan republic of Russia. In ancient times they were known to classical Greek and Roman writers as the Zygii and were noted for their warlike propensities. They remained pagan throughout history until the nineteenth century when some of the leaders converted to Islam to fuel opposition to Christian Russian invaders. ...more on Wikipedia about "Avary"

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline (sometimes abbreviated as BTC pipeline) transports crude oil 1,760 km (1,093 miles) from the Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli oil field in the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It passes through Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan; Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia; and Ceyhan, a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey, hence its name. It is the second longest oil pipeline in the world (the longest being the Druzhba pipeline from Russia to central Europe). ...more on Wikipedia about "Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline"

Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient empire that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of today's Azerbaijan of the Caucasus. For much of its history, the Azerbaijani are the descendants of Caucasian Albania. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caucasian Albania"

Russian Invasion of the Caucasus, better known in Russia as the Caucasian War of 1817- 1864, was a series of military actions of Imperial Russia against Chechnya, Dagestan and Northwestern Caucasus aimed at conquering these territories. Modern conflicts in this area of Caucasus are rooted in this 19th-century war. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caucasian War"

The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region in Eurasia bordered on the south by Anatolia ( Turkey) and Iran in Asia, on the west by the Black Sea, on the east by the Caspian Sea, and on the north by the European portion of Russia. Caucasia includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caucasus (geographic region)"

The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system between the Black and Caspian seas in the Caucasus region, usually considered the southeastern limit of Europe. The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems/ranges made up of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and the Lesser Caucasus Mountains. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caucasus Mountains"

The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria is the unrecognized secessionist government of the Chechen Republic. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chechen Republic of Ichkeria"

Evergreen shortopedia!!! Caucasus

The Chechen Republic ( ; Chechen: Нохчийн Республика/Noxçiyn [Nokhchiyn] Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (Russian: Чечня́ Chechen: Нохчичьо/Noxçiyçö/Nokhchiycho), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia or Chechenia, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). Bordering Stavropol Krai to the northwest, the republic of Dagestan to the northeast and east, Georgia to the south, and the republics of Ingushetia and North Ossetia to the west, it is located in the Northern Caucasus mountains, in the Southern Federal District. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chechnya"

The Republic of Dagestan ( ), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). The direct transliteration of the republic's name is Respublika Dagestan. It is the largest republic of Russia in the northern Caucasus, both in area and population. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dagestan"

Gamzat-bek (Гамзат-бек in Russian) ( 1789 — October 1( September 19), 1834) was the second imam of Dagestan, who succeeded Ghazi Mollah upon his death in 1832. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gamzat-bek"

Georgia ( Georgian: საქართველო Sak’art’velo), known officially from 1990 to 1995 as the Republic of Georgia, is a country to the east of the Black Sea, most of which is located in the South Caucasus, while a portion of the territory lies in the North Caucasus. A former republic of the Soviet Union, it shares borders with Russia in the north and Turkey, Armenia, and Azerbaijan in the south. ...more on Wikipedia about "Georgia (country)"

Ghazi Mollah, also known as Ghazi Mohammed (Кази-Мулла, Гази-Магомед in Russian) ( 1795- 1832) was the first imam of Dagestan and Chechnya ( 1828). ...more on Wikipedia about "Ghazi Mollah"

Greater Caucasus ( , Azerbaijani: Böyük Qafqaz Dağları, sometimes translated as "Caucasus Major", "Big Caucasus" or "Large Caucasus") is the major mountain range of Caucasus mountains. ...more on Wikipedia about "Greater Caucasus"

The Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the Caucasus region. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Kabardino-Balkaria"

The term Ibero-Caucasian (or Iberian-Caucasian) was proposed by Georgian linguist Arnold Chikobava for the union of the three language families that are specific to the Caucasus area, namely ...more on Wikipedia about "Ibero-Caucasian languages"

The Republic of Ingushetia ( ; Ingush: ГIалгIай Мохк) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). The direct transliteration of the republic's Russian name is Respublika Ingushetiya. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ingushetia"

Kabarda, Kabard or Kabarid are simply alternative ways of referring to the Kabar people of the northern Caucasus more commonly known by the plural term Kabardin (or Kebertei as they term themselves). Originally they comprised the semi-nomadic eastern branch of what was once the Adyghe tribal fellowship. They number around 391,000 ( as of 1989), living mainly in Kabardino-Balkaria, a republic in the Russian Federation. Most Kabards are Sunni Muslims. They speak Kabardian, a North West Caucasian language that represents the easternmost outpost of the Circassian language group. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kabard"

The Kabardino-Balkar Republic or Kabardino-Balkaria ( ; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ; Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic), located in the northern Caucasus. The direct transliteration of the republic's name is Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika or Kabardino-Balkariya. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kabardino-Balkaria"

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