Conscription Conscription Compulsory Military Training, (CMT) has been adopted in New Zealand on a number of occasions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Compulsory Military Training (in New Zealand)"
The Spanish Constitution of 1978 acknowledged conscientious objectors. The Spanish parliament established a longer service (Prestación Social Sustitoria) as an alternative to the Army. In spite of this, a strong movement appeared that refused both services. The Red Cross was the only important organization employing objectors. Because of this, the waiting lists for the PSS were long, especially in areas like Navarre, where pacifism, Basque nationalism and a low unemployment rate discouraged young males from the army. Tens of insumisos (non-submittants) publicly refused the PSS or deserted the Army. Several civilians denounced themselves as encouraging non-submission. The government feared popular reaction, reduced the service time and substituted jail punishments by administrative ones like inadmittability to public service. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscientious objection throughout the world"
A conscientious objector is an individual whose personal beliefs are incompatible with military service, perhaps with any role in the armed forces (in which case he or she is either pacifist or antimilitarist) or just with a particular war. This constitutes a conflict in the case of conscription. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscientious objector"
Conscription is a general term for involuntary labor demanded by some established authority, but it is most often used in the specific sense of government policies that require (very often, male only) citizens to serve in their armed forces. It is known by various names — for example, the most recent conscription program in the United States was known colloquially as " the draft". Many nations do not maintain conscription forces, instead relying on a volunteer or professional military most of the time, although many of these countries still reserve the possibility of conscription for wartime and "crises" of supply. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription"
A conscription crisis is a public dispute about a policy of conscription, or mandatory service in the military. Also known as a "draft," a dispute can become a "crisis" when submission to military service becomes highly controversial and popular revolt ensues. From the point of view of military officials, the "crisis" is one of supply; where they may claim to lack enough "troops" to accomplish a military objective, and have, to some degree, "lost control" of their political ability to enforce existing conscription law. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription crisis"
The Conscription Crisis of 1917 was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription Crisis of 1917"
The Conscription Crisis of 1918 (Ireland) stemmed from a move by the Government of the United Kingdom to impose conscription in Ireland, and contributed to pivotal events in early 20th century politics in Ireland, galvanising popular support for parties favouring devolution from the United Kingdom. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription Crisis of 1918 (Ireland)"
The Conscription Crisis of 1944 was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War II. It was similar to the Conscription Crisis of 1917, but was not as politically damaging. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription Crisis of 1944"
Conscription in Australia, or mandatory military service also known as National Service, has a controversial history dating back to the first years of nationhood. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription in Australia"
* The main alternative is the aforementioned "(alternative) civilian service" (Zivildienst) lasting for ten months, in which the objector may find employment with a civilian institution that renders a public service, such as a hospital, rehabilitation center or assisted living facility for the aged. After completing his nine months, the CO will remain as a kind of "civilian reservist", because he may be drafted in case of defence to serve in a hospital, fire dept. etc. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription in Germany"
* Loafing and Camouflage (Loufa kai Parallaghi Λούφα και παραλλαγή) by movie director Nikos Perakis ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription in Greece"
* Enlisted military service (士兵役): 16 months of active duty enlisted military service in one of the five branches of the ROC Armed Forces. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription in the Republic of China"
* Halstead, Fred. GIs speak out against the war: The case of the Ft. Jackson 8. 128 pages. New York: Pathfinder Press. 1970. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conscription in the United States"
Impressment (colloquially, "press-ganging") is the act of conscripting people to serve as sailors. It was used by the Royal Navy during the 18th century and early 19th century in time of war as a means of crewing warships, although legal sanction for the practice goes back to the time of King Edward I. The Royal Navy impressed many British merchant sailors, as well as some sailors from other nations of the world in wartime during the 1700s and the early 1800s. People liable to impressment were eligible men of seafaring habits between the ages of 18 and 55 years, though very rarely non- seamen were impressed as well. If they believed that they were impressed unfairly, pressed men were able to submit appeals to the Admiralty, and those appeals were often successful. It is also important to note that the navy had little interest in impressing people who were not ordinary or able seamen, since they would be of little use on board a ship. ...more on Wikipedia about "Impressment" Evergreen shortopedia!!! Conscription
Malaysian National Service, or Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN) was first proposed in late 2001, brought to committee the next year, and finally brought to action in 2003. Initially it was thought that all youth of a certain age would be drafted but later the numbers were restricted due to lack of resources. The issue of conscription has always been a sensitive political issue in Malaysia because of the ethnic divisions of the country. The rationale for National Service was to bond the youth of Malaysia together and create a Malaysian nation, as the problem of racial polarisation was found to pervade in educational institutions in Malaysia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Malaysian National Service"
Michael Matteson publicly resisted conscription into the Australian Army during the Vietnam War. ...more on Wikipedia about "Michael Matteson"
National Service describes a form of military service where all members of one particular nation can participate (voluntarily or non-voluntarily.) According to the CIA, comprehensive national service incorporates the Army, Navy and Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard (Coast Guard is a peacetime, civilian service) and all these branches are controled by the president. ...more on Wikipedia about "National service"
National Service (NS) in Singapore is compulsory for all male Singapore citizens and permanent residents upon reaching the age of 18. They serve a two-year period as Full Time National Servicemen (NSF) in the military, law enforcement or civil defence force. When one completes his full time service, he undergoes reservist training cycles of up to 40 days a year for the next 10 years. After that, they are recalled for reservist training for up to 3 days a year until the age of 40 or 50, depending on their rank. In the military, reservists are known as Operationally Ready National Servicemen (NSmen). Women are not required to serve national service. ...more on Wikipedia about "National Service in Singapore"
No conscription league was the name of several organizations opposed to conscription into military: ...more on Wikipedia about "No conscription league"
Refusal to serve in the Israeli military includes both refusal to obey specific orders and refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in any capacity due to pacifistic views or disagreement with the policies of the Israeli government as implemented by the army. People who refuse to serve in either capacity are sometimes called refuseniks ( Hebrew: סרבנים, pronounced sarvanim). ...more on Wikipedia about "Refusal to serve in the Israeli military"
A tax resister resists or refuses payment of a tax because of opposition to the institution collecting the tax. Often tax resistance comes from pacifists, conscientious objectors or members of religious groups, such as the Quakers, who choose not to fund violent government activities. It has also been a technique used by nonviolent resistance movements, such as India's campaign for independence led by Mahatma Gandhi. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tax resistance"
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