Early computers Early computers (AN/FSQ-7) The AN/FSQ-7 intercept computer, developed by IBM in partnership with the US Air Force. It was used in performing air defense command and control functions for the SAGE air defense system. ...more on Wikipedia about "AN/FSQ-7"
(AN/USQ-17) The AN/USQ-17 or Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS) computer referred to in Sperry Rand documents as the Univac M-460, was Seymour Cray's last design for UNIVAC. ...more on Wikipedia about "AN/USQ-17"
The AN/USQ-20, or Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS), was designed as a more reliable replacement for the AN/USQ-17 with the same instruction set. The first batch of 17 computers were delivered to the Navy starting in early 1961. A version of the AN/USQ-20 for use by the other military services and NASA was designated the UNIVAC 1206. Another version, designated the G-40, replaced the vacuum tube UNIVAC 1104 in the BOMARC Missile Program. ...more on Wikipedia about "AN/USQ-20"
The analytical engine, an important step in the history of computers, is the design of a mechanical modern general-purpose computer by the British professor of mathematics Charles Babbage. It was first described in 1837, but Babbage continued to work on the design until his death in 1871. Because of financial, political, and legal issues, the engine was never actually built. General-purpose computers that were logically comparable to the analytical engine did not come into existence until about 100 years later. ...more on Wikipedia about "Analytical engine"
The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first electronic digital computer ** ** and was a major step in the history of computing . It was built by Dr. John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford E. Berry at Iowa State University during 1937-42. The Atanasoff-Berry Computer represented several innovations in computing, including a binary system of arithmetic, parallel processing, regenerative memory, and a separation of memory and computing functions. It is sometimes referred to by its initials, ABC. John Vincent Atanasoff was awarded the National Medal of Technology by President George H. W. Bush in a Ceremony at the White House on November 13, 1990. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atanasoff Berry Computer"
The Atlas Computer of the University of Manchester became operational in 1962, as a joint development between the University, Ferranti and Plessey. It was arguably the fastest computer in the world until the release of the CDC 6600. It was said at the time that whenever it went offline half of the UK computer capacity was lost. It was a second-generation computer, using transistors. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atlas Computer (Manchester)"
The AVIDAC or Argonne Version of the Institute's Digital Automatic Computer, an early computer built by Argonne National Laboratory, was based on the IAS architecture developed by John von Neumann. As with all computers of its era, it was a one of a kind machine that could not exchange programs with other computers (even other IAS machines). It began operation in January, 1953. ...more on Wikipedia about "AVIDAC"
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The Bendix G-15 computer was introduced in 1956 by the Bendix Corporation, Computer Division, Los Angeles, California. It was about 5 by 3 by 3 feet and weighed about 950 pounds. The base system, without peripherals, cost $49,500. A working model cost around $60,000. It could also be rented for $1,485 per month. It was meant for scientific and industrial markets. The series was gradually discontinued when Control Data Corporation took over the Bendix computer division in 1963. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bendix G-15"
BESM (БЭСМ) is the name of a series of Russian mainframe computers. It stands for "Большая Электронно-Счётная Машина" (Bolshaja Elektronno-Schetnaja Mashina) in Russian, which can be translated as "Large Electronic Computing Machine", or simply "Large Computer", or "High-speed Electronic Computing Machine" according to one source. ...more on Wikipedia about "BESM"
BINAC, the Binary Automatic Computer, was an early electronic computer designed for Northrop Aircraft Company by the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1949. ...more on Wikipedia about "BINAC"
In the history of cryptography, the bombe was an electromechanical device used by British cryptologists to help break German Enigma machine signals during World War II. The bombe was designed by Alan Turing, with an important refinement subsequently contributed by Gordon Welchman. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bombe"
The BRLESC I (Ballistic Research Laboratories Electronic Scientific Computer) was a first-generation electronic computer built by the US Army Ballistics Research Laboratory (BRL) at Aberdeen Proving Ground with assistance from the NBS, and was designed to take over the computational workload of EDVAC and ORDVAC, which themselves were successors of ENIAC. It began operation in 1962. ...more on Wikipedia about "BRLESC"
The Burroughs B5000 was a series of computers designed beginning in 1961 by a team at Burroughs under the leadership of Robert (Bob) Barton. It was a unique machine, well ahead of its time. ...more on Wikipedia about "Burroughs B5000"
There are two different understandings of Leibniz's Calculus Ratiocinator in the history of ideas. ...more on Wikipedia about "Calculus ratiocinator"
The Colossus machines were early computing devices used by British codebreakers to read encrypted German messages during World War II. Colossus was an early electronic digital computer. ...more on Wikipedia about "Colossus computer"
The Computer Conservation Society (CCS) is a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society (BCS). It is aso supported by the Science Museum in London and many of the society's meetings are held there. The CCS is interested in the history of computing in general and the conservation and preservation of early historical computers in particular. ...more on Wikipedia about "Computer Conservation Society"
CSIRAC (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Automatic Computer), originally known as CSIR Mk I, was Australia's first digital computer, and the fifth stored program computer in the world and presently the oldest intact (albeit inoperable) digital computer in the world. ...more on Wikipedia about "CSIRAC"
The CYCLONE, an early computer built in 1959 by Iowa State University, was based on the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) architecture developed by John von Neumann. As with all computers of its era, it was a one of a kind machine that could not exchange programs with other computers (even other IAS machines). ...more on Wikipedia about "CYCLONE"
The DASK was the first computer in Denmark. It was commissioned in 1955, designed and constructed by the Regnecentralen, and began operation in September 1957. DASK is an acronym for Dansk Algoritmisk Sekvens Kalkulator or Danish Algorithmic Sequence Calculator. Regnecentralen almost didn't allow the name, as the word dask means "slap" in Danish. In the end however, it was named so as it fit the pattern of the name BESK, the Swedish computer which provided the initial architecture for DASK. ...more on Wikipedia about "DASK"
DATAR, short for Digital Automated Tracking and Resolving, was a pioneering computerized battlefield information system developed by the Canadian Navy in partnership with Ferranti Canada in the early 1950s. It combined data sent to it from various ships in order to provide commanders with an "overall view", allowing them to coordinate attacks on submarines and aircraft. The system proved too costly for the post-war Navy to develop alone, and when the Royal Navy and US Navy declined to share in the program it was ended. Oddly the US then decided they needed just such a system, and developed the Naval Tactical Data System to fill this role. ...more on Wikipedia about "DATAR"
D2 was a concept and prototype computer designed by Datasaab in Linköping, Sweden. It was built with discrete transistors and completed in 1960. Its purpose was to investigate the feasibility of building a computer for use in an aircraft to assist with navigation. This military side of the project was known as SANK (Saab's Automatiska Navigations-Kalkylator), and D2 was the name for its civilian application. ...more on Wikipedia about "Datasaab D2"
A difference engine is a historical, mechanical special-purpose computer designed to tabulate polynomial functions. Since logarithmic and trigonometric functions can be approximated by polynomials, such a machine is more general than it appears at first. ...more on Wikipedia about "Difference engine"
The differential analyser was a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, using wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. It was one of the first advanced computing devices to be used operationally. ...more on Wikipedia about "Differential analyser"
The DRTE Computer was a transistorized computer built at the Defense Research Telecommunications Establishment (DRTE), part of the Canadian Defense Research Board. It was one of the earlier fully transistorized machines, running in prototype form in 1957, and fully developed form in 1960. Although the performance was quite good, equal to that of contemporary machines like the PDP-1, no commercial vendors ever took up the design, and the only potential sale to the Canadian Navy's Pacific Naval Laboratories, fell through. The machine eventually ended up on display at the Canadian National Museum of Science and Technology, but the display was later removed and it's current fate is unknown. ...more on Wikipedia about "DRTE Computer"
DYSEAC was the Second Standards Electronic Automatic Computer. (See SEAC.) ...more on Wikipedia about "DYSEAC"
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