Electrodynamics Electrodynamics In classical electrodynamics, energy carries momentum. Thus, when a particle emits energy, there is a force exerted on that particle according to Newton's third law. This phenomenon is known as the radiation reaction. For small velocities, the average force acting on a charged particle due to the radiation reaction is known as the Abraham-Lorentz force: ...more on Wikipedia about "Abraham-Lorentz force"
When an Emf is applied to the ends of the coils of the motor, in the presence of a magnetic field, they rotate, each part of the coil moving to a different area within the field. The magnetic flux threading through the area between the coils is therefore constantly changing. By Faraday's law of induction, this induces an Emf that, by Lenz's law, opposes the motion of rotation; it is a back Emf. ...more on Wikipedia about "Back emf"
Birkhoff's theorem in electromagnetism is a theorem about a particular type of solution of Maxwell's field equations of electromagnetism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Birkhoff's theorem (electromagnetism)"
A Choke is an inductor designed to have a high reactance to a particular frequency when used in a signal-carrying circuit. They are inductances that isolate AC frequency currents from certain areas of a radio circuit. Chokes depend upon the property of self-inductance for their operation. They are used to block alternating current while passing direct current. Common-mode choke coils are useful in a wide range of prevention of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) from power supply lines and for prevention of malfunctioning of electronic equipment. ...more on Wikipedia about "Choke (electronics)"
An eddy current is a phenomenon caused by a moving magnetic field intersecting a conductor or vice-versa. The relative motion causes a circulating flow of electrons, or current, within the conductor. These circulating eddies of current create electromagnets with magnetic fields that oppose the change in the external magnetic field (see Lenz's law). The stronger the magnetic field, or greater the electrical conductivity of the conductor, the greater the currents developed and the greater the opposing force. This is used to great effect in movement to electricity converters such as electrical generators and dynamic microphones. It can also be used to induce a magnetic field in aluminum cans, which allows them to be separated easily from other recyclables. Friction within the conductor, or resistance, cause a dragging effect that has been used for braking and damping. Superconductors allow perfect, lossless conduction which creates eddy currents that entirely cancel the external magnetic field, allowing magnetic levitation. Eddy currents are also the root cause of skin effect in conductors carrying AC current. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eddy current"
Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) is the study of the dynamics of electrically conducting fluid. It is the study of the motions of ionised particles or molecules and their interactions with electric fields and the surrounding fluid. The term may be considered to be synonymous with the rather elaborate electrostrictive hydrodynamics. In general, the phenomena relate to the conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy, and vice versa. ...more on Wikipedia about "Electrohydrodynamics"
Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electrical potential difference (or voltage) across a conductor situated in a changing magnetic flux. ...more on Wikipedia about "Electromagnetic induction"
The electromagnetic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that governs the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium. The equation, written in terms of either the electric field E or the magnetic field H, takes the form: ...more on Wikipedia about "Electromagnetic wave equation"
The Ettinghausen Effect is a thermoelectric phenomenon that affects electric current in a conductor when a magnetic field is present. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ettinghausen effect"
Faraday's law of induction gives the relation between the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the surface S enclosed by a contour C and the electric field induced along the contour: ...more on Wikipedia about "Faraday's law of induction"
Inductance is a measure of the amount of magnetic flux produced for a given electric current. ...more on Wikipedia about "Inductance"
An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is a type of plasma source in which the energy is supplied by electrical currents which are produced by electromagnetic induction, that is, by time-varying magnetic fields. ...more on Wikipedia about "Inductively coupled plasma"
(Infraparticle) at the boundary at spatial infinity is zero, which is satisfied if the current density J falls of sufficiently fast, the quantity Q is conserved. This is nothing other than the electric charge that we all know and love. ...more on Wikipedia about "Infraparticle"
Lenz's law \'lent-səz-'lä\ [In German, \z\ has the phonetic sound of \ts\] was formulated by German physicist Heinrich Lenz and gives the direction of the induced emf resulting from electromagnetic induction, thus: ...more on Wikipedia about "Lenz's law"
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Maxwell's equations (sometimes called the Maxwell equations) are the set of four equations, attributed to James Clerk Maxwell, that describe the behavior of both the electric and magnetic fields, as well as their interactions with matter. ...more on Wikipedia about "Maxwell's equations"
The Nernst Effect is a phenomenon observed when a semiconductor is subjected to a magnetic field and a temperature gradient at right angles to each other. An electric field will be induced at right angles to both. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nernst effect"
A ponderomotive force is a nonlinear force that a charged particle experiences in a rapidly oscillating, inhomogeneous electric or electromagnetic field. The ponderomotive force Fp is expressed by ...more on Wikipedia about "Ponderomotive force"
The Poynting theorem is a statement due to John Henry Poynting about the conservation of energy for the electromagnetic field. It relates the time derivative of the energy density, u, to the energy flow and the rate at which the fields do work. It is summarised by the following formula ...more on Wikipedia about "Poynting theorem"
Quantum electrodynamics (QED) is a relativistic quantum field theory of electromagnetism. QED describes mathematically all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of the electromagnetic force whether the interaction is between light and matter or between one and another charged particle. It has been called "the jewel of physics" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen. ...more on Wikipedia about "Quantum electrodynamics"
In electromagnetics and communications engineering, a waveguide is any physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves. ...more on Wikipedia about "Waveguide"
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