Fluorescent dyes Fluorescent dyes 9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA) is an aromatic hydrocarbon displaying strong fluorescence. It is used as a chemiluminescent fluorophore with high quantum efficiency. Its chemical formula is C H . It has the form of orange needle crystals with melting point of 252-258 °C. ...more on Wikipedia about "9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene"
Auramine O, also called Basic yellow 2, Pyocatanium aureum, aizen auramine, Pyoktanin Yellow, Canary Yellow, Pyoktanin, or C.I. 41000, is a diarylmethane dye used as a fluorescent stain. It has the appearance of yellow needle crystals. It can be used to stain acid-fast bacteria (eg. Mycobacterium, where it binds to the mycolic acid in its cell wall) in a way similar to Ziehl-Neelsen stain. It is very soluble in water and soluble in ethanol. It can be used as a fluorescent version of Schiff reagent. ...more on Wikipedia about "Auramine O"
Coumarin is a chemical compound found in many plants, notably in high concentration in the tonka bean, woodruff, and bison grass. It has a sweet scent, readily recognised as the scent of newly-mown grass. It has clinical value as the precursor for several anticoagulants, notably warfarin. It is also used as a gain medium in some dye lasers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coumarin"
DAPI or 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to DNA. It is used extensively in fluorescence microscopy. Since DAPI will pass through an intact cell membrane, it may be used to stain live and fixed cells. ...more on Wikipedia about "DAPI"
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is an intercalating agent commonly used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis. When exposed to ultraviolet light, it will fluoresce with a red-orange color, intensifying almost 20-fold after binding to DNA. This is likely not due to rigid stabilization of the phenyl moiety, because the phenyl ring has been shown to project outside the intercalated bases. The increased hydrophobicity of the environment is believed to be responsible. Because it binds to DNA, ethidium bromide is a very strong mutagen, and may possibly be a carcinogen or teratogen. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ethidium bromide"
Fluorescein is a fluorophore commonly used in microscopy, in a type of dye laser as the gain medium, and in forensics and serology to detect latent blood stains. ...more on Wikipedia about "Fluorescein"
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria that fluoresces green when exposed to blue light. This process takes place when the protein aequorin, also produced by Aequorea victoria, interacts with Ca2+ ions thus emitting a blue glow. ...more on Wikipedia about "Green fluorescent protein" Must see http://www.shortopedia.com
The Hoechst stains are part of a family of fluorescent stains for labelling DNA in fluorescence microscopy. Two of these closely related bis-benzimides are commonly used: Hoechst 33258 and Hoechst 33342. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hoechst stain"
Indian Yellow, also called euxanthin or euxanthine, is a transparent yellow pigment used in oil painting. See Pigments. Chemically it is a magnesium euxanthate, a magnesium lake of euxanthic acid. It is a clear, deep and luminescent yellow pigment. Its color is deeper than gamboge but less pure than cadmium yellow. ...more on Wikipedia about "Indian Yellow"
Luciferin is a generic name for light emitting pigments found in organisms capable of bioluminescence, like fireflies, deep sea fish and microbes. ...more on Wikipedia about "Luciferin"
Perylene or perilene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with chemical formula 20 12 and CAS number 198-55-0, occurring as a brown solid. It or its derivatives may be carcinogenic, and it is considered to be a hazardous pollutant. In cell membrane cytochemistry, perylene is used as a fluorescent lipid probe. ...more on Wikipedia about "Perylene"
Phycobilins are photosynthetic pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of red algae, glaucophytes and some cryptomonads (though not in green algae and higher plants). They are unique among the photosynthetic pigments in that they are bonded to certain water-soluble proteins, known as phycobiliproteins; phycobilins serve as chromophores (the light-capturing part) of the phycobiliproteins. Phycobiliproteins capture light energy which is then passed on to chlorophylls during photosynthesis. ...more on Wikipedia about "Phycobilin"
Phycoerythrin is a red protein from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, isolated from red, blue-green, and cryptomonad algae. ...more on Wikipedia about "Phycoerythrin"
Rhodamine is a family of related chemical compounds, fluorone dyes. Examples are Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B. It is used as a dye and as a dye laser gain medium. It is often used as a tracer within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport. Rhodamine fluoresces and can thus be measured easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Rhodamine"
(Rubrene)
Officially known as trans-1,2-diphenylethylene, aka, stilbene, or more specifically, ( E)-stilbene, is the alkene, ethene with two phenyl groups on either carbon of the parent chain. The name was derived from the Greek word stilbos, which means shining. It should also be noted, there is also a ( Z)-stilbene which is sterically hindered and less stable because of it. Also notice that ( Z)-stilbene has a melting point of 5°C to 6°C, while the melting point of ( E)-stilbene is in the 125°C area, this illustrates the significant differences between the two. Because ( E)-stilbene is so much more common than ( Z)-stilbene, this page will focus only on ( E)-stilbene. ...more on Wikipedia about "Stilbene"
Texas Red (TR) is a red fluorescent dye used in histology for staining cell specimens, a sulfonyl chloride derivate of sulforhodamine 101. It is used for fluorescent-activated cell sorting machines, in fluorescence microscopy applications, and in immunohistochemistry. It can be excited by a dye laser tuned to 595-605 nm, or less efficiently a krypton laser at 567 nm. ...more on Wikipedia about "Texas Red"
Umbelliferone or 7-hydroxycoumarin is a widespread natural product of the coumarin family. It occurs in many familiar plants from the umbelliferae family such as Daucus carota (carrot), coriander, Garden Angelica and deadly nightshade, as well plants from other families such as the mouse-ear hawkweed. It is a yellowish-white crystalline solid which has a slight solubility in hot water, but high solubility in ethanol. It absorbs ultraviolet light strongly at several wavelengths, leading to its use in sunscreen creams and lotions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Umbelliferone"
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