Fuels Fuels Alternative fuel is any method of powering an engine that do not involve petroleum (oil). Some alternative fuels are electricity, hythane, hydrogen, natural gas, wood, and vegetable oil. The need for the development of Alternative fuel sources, has been growing because of concerns that the reserves of oil are finite and will one day run out completly. See Oil depletion. The relative difficulty in obtaining oil which is a major cause of conflict, especialy in areas like the Middle East, has caused the price of oil to slowly rise. See this page. Growing concerns about the effects of pollution from car exhausts and the Greenhouse effect have increased interest in Alternative Fuels, as well. See Future energy development for a general discussion. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alternative fuel"
Bagasse is the biomass remaining after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bagasse"
Bioalcohol is alcohol obtained from biological sources, not from petroleum. Examples include methanol and ethanol. It is used most often as a blend of biofuel with petroleum although some new cars are able to use BA100 (Bioalcohol 100%). ...more on Wikipedia about "Bioalcohol"
Biodiesel is a biofuel made from renewable materials such as vegetable oils or animal fats. It is biodegradable and non- toxic, and has significantly fewer emissions than petroleum-based diesel ( petro-diesel) when burned. Biodiesel functions in current diesel engines, and is a possible candidate to replace fossil fuels as the world's primary transport energy source. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biodiesel"
A Biodiesel processor is a combination reaction vessel and still for producing biodiesel from vegetable oil. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biodiesel processor"
Biodiesel production is the process of making biodiesel, a liquid fuel source largely compatible with petroleum based diesel fuel. The following steps can be performed in a small, home-based biodiesel processor, or in large industrial facilities. The process is similar in either case. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biodiesel production"
Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of alkyl --usually methyl or ethyl-- esters and can be used simlilarly to diesel fuel such as in diesel engines. Like a recipe for making a cake, a biodiesel recipe specifies a quantity of every ingredient required, and the steps for combining and processing them to make biodiesel fuel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biodiesel recipe" www.shortopedia.com for you!
Biofuel is any fuel that derives from biomass — recently living organisms or their metabolic byproducts, such as manure from cows. It is a renewable energy source, unlike other natural resources such as petroleum, coal and nuclear fuels. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biofuel"
Biogas, also called digester gas, typically refers to methane produced by the fermentation of organic matter including manure, wastewater sludge, municipal solid waste, or any other biodegradable feedstock, under anaerobic conditions. Biogas is also called swamp gas and marsh gas, depending on where it is produced. The process is popular for treating many types of organic waste because it provides a convenient way of turning waste into electricity, decreasing the amount of waste to be disposed of, and of destroying disease causing pathogens which can exist in the waste stream. The use of biogas is encouraged because it does not increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which is responsible for much of the greenhouse effect, if the biomass it is fueled on is regrown. Also, methane burns relatively cleanly compared to coal. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biogas"
Biomass is organic non- fossil material, collectively. In other words, biomass comprises the mass of all biological organisms, dead or alive, excluding biological mass that has been transformed by geological processes into substances such as coal or petroleum. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biomass"
Biomass to liquid (BTL) is a (multi step) process to produce liquid fuels out of biomass: ...more on Wikipedia about "Biomass to liquid"
Blast furnace gas, also called coverter gas or LD gas, is a by-product of blast furnaces that is generated when the iron ore is reduced with coke to metallic iron. It has a very low heating value, about 93 BTU/ cubic foot, because it consists of about 60 percent nitrogen and some oxygen, which are not flammble. The rest is mostly carbon monoxide, which has a fairly low heating value already. It is commonly used as a fuel within the steel works, but it can be used in boilers and power plants equipped to burn it. It may be combined with natural gas or coke oven gas before combustion. Particulate matter is removed so that it can be burned more cleanly. Blast furnace gas is sometimes flared without generating heat or electricity. ...more on Wikipedia about "Blast furnace gas"
Bubble wash is a method of final washing of home-made biodiesel through air agitation. Biodiesel floats above a quantity of water. Bubbles from an aquarium air pump and air stone are injected into the water causing the bubbles to rise. At the water/biodiesel interface, the air bubbles carry water up through the biodiesel by surface tension. Diffusion causes water soluble impurities in the biodiesel to be extracted into the water. As the bubble reaches the surface and breaks, the water is freed and percolates back down through the biodiesel again. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bubble wash"
Butanol is a higher alcohol with a 4 carbon atom structure and a general formula of C4H10O. There are 4 different isomeric structures for butanol: ...more on Wikipedia about "Butanol"
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Cellulosic ethanol is a blend of normal ethanol that can be produced from a great diversity of biomass including waste from urban, agricultural, and forestry sources. There are at least two methods of production of cellulosic ethanol - enzymatic hydrolysis and synthesis gas fermentation. Neither process generates toxic emissions when it produces ethanol. The technology is very new and exists in pilot configurations where testing is ongoing. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cellulosic ethanol"
Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents of animal and vegetable substances. It is usually produced by heating wood in the absence of oxygen (see char), but sugar charcoal, bone charcoal (which contains a great amount of calcium phosphate), and others can be produced as well. The light, black, porous material is 85% to 98% carbon, the remainder consisting of volatile chemicals and ash, and resembles coal. ...more on Wikipedia about "Charcoal"
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and methanol (methyl alcohol) are two types of alcohol fuels. In their anhydrous or pure forms, they can be mixed with gasoline (petrol) if running either pure or 190 proof alcohol is not practical. Typically, only ethanol is used widely in this manner, particularly since methanol is toxic. ...more on Wikipedia about "Common alcohol fuel mixtures"
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a substitute for gasoline (petrol) or diesel fuel. It is considered to be an environmentally "clean" alternative to those fuels. It is made by compressing purified natural gas, and is typically stored and distributed in hard containers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Compressed natural gas"
Cow dung is the feces of the bovine species. The species includes the cow, buffalo, ox and bullock. Cow dung is used as manure in many parts of the developing world especially India where it is known as gobar. Cow dung is basically the rejects of herbivorous matter which is acted upon by symbiotic bacteria residing within the animal's rumen. The resultant faecal matter is a rich in minerals. Colour ranges from greenish to blackish. In due course of time, the resulting matter turns yellow due to chemical changes casued by sunlight. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cow dung"
Cryogenic fuels are fuels that requires storage at extremely low temperatures. Cryogenic fuels most often constitute liquified gases such as hydrogen. Quite often, liquid oxygen is mistakingly called "cryogenic fuel" as well, though it is actually an oxidizer and not a fuel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cryogenic fuel"
Dimethyl ether, also known as methoxymethane, oxybismethane, methyl ether, wood ether, and DME, is a colorless gaseous ether with an ethereal smell. Dimethyl ether gas is water soluble. It has the formula CH3OCH3. Dimethyl ether is used as an aerosol spray propellant. Dimethyl ether is also a clean-burning alternative to liquified petroleum gas, liquified natural gas, diesel and gasoline. It can be made from natural gas, coal, or biomass. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dimethyl ether"
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The electron economy is a concept analogous to the hydrogen economy, methanol economy, ethanol economy, zinc economy, lithium economy or liquid nitrogen economy but where the energy vector is electricity instead of hydrogen, methanol etc. ...more on Wikipedia about "Electron economy"
(Energies per unit mass) The fuel value or relative energy density is the quantity of potential energy in fuel, food or other substance. ...more on Wikipedia about "Energies per unit mass"
The use of ethanol as a fuel for internal combustion engines, either alone or in combination with other fuels, has been given much attention mostly because of its possible environmental and long-term economical advantages over fossil fuel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ethanol fuel"
Ethylester biodiesel is a type of biodiesel fuel made by chemically converting (through transesterification) vegetable oil or other fats into a form more suitable for burning in a diesel engine. The more common form of biodiesel is made with methanol forming methyl esters, whereas ethylester biodiesel is made with ethanol forming ethyl esters. It has very similar properties as methyl esters, which in turn are similar to diesel fuel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ethylester biodiesel" The text you are reading is from www.shortopedia.com
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