Gels

Aerogel is a solid-state substance similar to gel where the liquid component is replaced with gas. The result is an extremely low density solid with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as an insulator. It is nicknamed frozen smoke, solid smoke or blue smoke due to its semi-transparent nature; however it feels like foam to the touch. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aerogel"

An alcohol gel, also known as a hand santizer, is a gel used in hospitals as an alternative to hand washing with soap and water. Isopropanol and/or ethanol are the most commonly used alcohols. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alcohol gel"

A gel (from the lat. gelu—freezing, cold, ice or gelatus—frozen, immobile) is an apparently solid, jelly-like material formed from a colloidal solution. By weight, gels are mostly liquid, yet they behave like solids. An example is gelatin. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gel"

Hydrogel is a network of polymer chains that are water-soluble, sometimes found as a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium. Hydrogels are superabsorbent (they can contain over 99% water) natural or synthetic polymers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hydrogel"

A jelly is a sweet or savoury food gel, usually made through the addition of gelatin or pectin to edible liquids. ...more on Wikipedia about "Jelly"

Polyacrylamide is an acrylate polymer formed from acrylamide subunits that is readily cross-linked. Acrylamide needs to be handled using Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) to avoid poisoning since it is a neurotoxin. Polyacrylamide is not toxic, but un-polymerized acrylamide can be present in the polymerized acrylamide. Therefore it is recommended to handle it with caution. It is highly water-absorbent, forming a soft gel used in such applications as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and in manufacturing soft contact lenses. It is also used as a thickener and suspending agent. ...more on Wikipedia about "Polyacrylamide"

SEAgel (Safe Emulsion Agar gel) is a high-tech foam whose purpose is to serve as a type of insulator. It is among the least dense solids known; in fact, SEAgel has a density that is approximately equal to that of air. It is one of the lightest solids known, rivaling Aerogel. SEAgel was invented by Robert Morrison at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1992. SEAgel is made of agar, a carbohydrate material that comes from kelp and red algae, and contains only forty to fifty milligrams of material per cubic centimeter of solid (In other words, it has a density of 40-50 mg/cm3.). SEAgel is also completely biodegradable, as it is made entirely of biological material. ...more on Wikipedia about "SEAgel"

Silica gel is a granular, porous form of silica made synthetically from sodium silicate. Despite the name, silica gel is a solid. It is usually distributed in the form of beads, which are packaged in a semi-permeable packet. ...more on Wikipedia about "Silica gel"

Sol gel is a colloidal suspension of silicon dioxide that is gelled to form a solid. The resulting porous gel then is chemically purified and fired at high temperatures into high purity silica. The gel can be modified with a number of dopants to produce unique properties in the resultant glass unattainable by other means. It can be used in ceramics manufacturing processes, as an investment casting material, or as a means of producing very thin films of metal oxides for various purposes, including a form superior to teflon. Sol-gel derived materials have diverse applications in optics, electronics, energy, space, sensors and separation technology. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sol gel"

Xerogel is a term used for the dried out open structures which have passed a gel stage during preparation (e.g. silica gel); and also for dried out compact macromolecular gels such as gelatin or rubber. ...more on Wikipedia about "Xerogel"

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