History of the Middle East

The Akkoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans ( Azeri-Turkish: Ağqoyunlular/Akkoyunlular) were a Turkoman tribal federation that ruled present-day Azerbaijan, eastern Anatolia, northern Iraq and western Iran from 1378 to 1508. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ak Koyunlu"

(Al-Hirah) Al Hirah (Al-Hira) was an ancient city located south of al-Kufah in south-central Iraq. It was a significant city in pre- Islamic Arab history. Originally a military encampment, in the 5th and 6th centuries CE it became the capital of the Lakhmids. ...more on Wikipedia about "Al-Hirah"

The Alid dynasties descended from Ali ibn Abi Talib, son-in-law of Muhammad. Also, group faithful to Ali and his sons. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alid"

The Armenian Genocide (also known as the Armenian Holocaust or the Armenian Massacre) is a term which refer to the forced mass evacuation and related deaths of hundreds of thousands or over a million Armenians, during the government of Young Turks from 1915 to 1917 in Ottoman Empire. Several facts in connection with the event are a matter of ongoing dispute between parts of the international community and Turkey. Although it is generally agreed that events said to comprise what is termed the Armenian Genocide did occur, the Turkish government rejects that it was genocide, on the alleged basis that the deaths among the Armenians, were not a result of a state-sponsored plan of mass extermination, but from the result of inter-ethnic strife, disease and famine during the turmoil of World War I. ...more on Wikipedia about "Armenian Genocide"

The Arab Socialist Ba'th Party (also spelled Baath or Ba'ath; Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي) was founded in 1945 as a radical, left-wing, secular Arab nationalist political party. It functioned as a pan-Arab party with branches in different Arab countries, but was strongest in Syria and Iraq, coming to power in both countries in 1963. In 1966 the Syrian and Iraqi parties split into two rival organisations. Both Ba'th parties retained the same name and maintain parallel structures in the Arab world. ...more on Wikipedia about "Baath Party"

Bab Kisan (The Kisan Gate) is one of the seven ancient city-gates of Damascus, in Syria. The gate, which is now located in the southeastern part of the Old City, was named in memory of a slave who became famous during a conquest by the Caliph Mu'awia. The wall was built during the Roman era and was dedicated to Saturn. The other gates are named Bab al-Faradis, Bab al-Faraj, Bab al-Jabieh, Bab al-Saghir, Bab al-Salam, Bab Kisan, Bab Sharqi, and Bab Tuma. Bab Kisan is famous for being the escape route of St. Paul . ...more on Wikipedia about "Bab Kisan"

The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that first struck Europe in the mid- 14th century ( 1347– 50), killing about a third of Europe's population, an estimated 34 million people. A series of contemporaneous plague epidemics also occurred across large portions of Asia and the Middle East, indicating that the European outbreak was actually part of a worldwide pandemic. The same disease is thought to have returned to Europe every generation with varying degrees of intensity and fatality until the 1700s. Notable late outbreaks include the Italian Plague of 1629-1631, the Great Plague of London (1665–66), and the Great Plague of Vienna (1679). A significant outbreak of the bubonic plague, the Great Plague of Marseille, occurred in France in 1720 - 1722. As the source of this infection was directly from the Middle East, this outbreak is probably not a continuation of the Black Death. ...more on Wikipedia about "Black Death" Just shortopedia way

Dragoman, a word of Aramaic/ Assyrian origin (related to Arabic ترجمان tarjuman), designates the function of interpreter, translator and official guide in countries and polities of the Middle East. The status of dragomans was especially prestigious in the Ottoman Empire, where it incorporated diplomatic duties - namely, in the Porte's relation with Christian countries. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dragoman"

In compiling the history of ancient Israel and Judah, there are many available sources, including the Jewish Tanakh (partially the Old Testament, it also consists of the book of the prophets, and the five books of Moses) and other Jewish texts such as the Talmud, the Ethiopian book of history known as the Kebra Nagast, the writings of historians such as Nicolaus of Damascus, Artapanas, Philo of Alexandria and Josephus, other writings, and archaeological evidence including Egyptian, Moabite, Assyrian and Babylonian inscriptions. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of ancient Israel and Judah"

Much of the material in this article comes from the CIA World Factbook 2000 and the 2003 U.S. Department of State website. as well as the Voice of Bahrain (put by Alsalman) ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Bahrain"

This article is about the History of Cyprus. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Cyprus"

The history of Egypt is the longest continuous history, as a unified state, of any country in the world. The Nile valley forms a natural geographic and economic unit, bounded to the east and west by deserts, to the north by the sea and to the south by the Cataracts of the Nile. The need to have a single authority to manage the waters of the Nile led to the creation of the world's first state in Egypt in about 3000 BC. Egypt's peculiar geography made it a difficult country to attack, which is why Pharaonic Egypt was for so long an independent and self-contained state. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Egypt"

This history of Iraq includes an overview from prehistory to the present in the region of the current state of Iraq in Mesopotamia. See also Chronology of the ancient orient, History of the Middle East, and History of Mesopotamia. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Iraq"

By 1844, Jews constituted the largest population group (and by 1890 an absolute majority) in a few cities, most notably Jerusalem. In addition to these traditional religious Jewish communities, known as the Old Yishuv, the second half of the 19th century saw a new kind of Jewish immigrant, prevalently secular left-wing socialists who aimed to reclaim the land by working on it. Mikveh Israel was founded in 1870 by Alliance Israelite Universelle, followed by Petah Tikva ( 1878), Rishon LeZion ( 1882), and other agricultural communities founded by the members of Bilu and Hovevei Zion. Near the end of the century Leon Pinsker and Theodore Herzl took practical steps toward securing international support for a Jewish homeland in the region of Palestine, though neither of them considered Palestine as the only conceivable site for the future state. In 1897, the First Zionist Congress proclaimed the decision "to establish a home for the Jewish people in Eretz-Israel secured under public law." ** ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Israel" Everybody should like shortopedia

History of Jordan. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Jordan"

History of Kuwait. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Kuwait"

This article discusses the modern-day history of Lebanon. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Lebanon"

The History of Modern Egypt is generally accepted as beginning in 1882, when Egypt became a de facto British colony. This situation persisted until 1922 when Egypt was officially granted independence; British troops, however, remained in the country and true self-rule did not occur until 1952 with the rise to power of Colonel Gamal Abdul Nasser. Nasser's one party state has seen many changes but has remained in place, firstly under Anwar Sadat, and until the present day under Hosni Mubarak. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Modern Egypt"

The History of Palestine is the account of events in Palestine from ancient times to the present. For the history of the term "Palestine" and its application in the region, see Boundaries and name of Palestine region. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Palestine"

History of Qatar. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Qatar"

The history of saffron cultivation and usage reaches back more than 3,000 years . and spans many cultures, continents, and civilisations. Saffron, a spice derived from the dried stigmas of the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus), has remained among the world's most costly substances throughout history. With its bitter taste, hay-like fragrance, and slight metallic notes, saffron has been used as a seasoning, fragrance, dye, and medicine. Saffron is native to Southwest Asia, . . but was first cultivated in Greece. . ...more on Wikipedia about "History of saffron"

Boundaries with Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait were established by a series of treaties negotiated in the 1920s, with two " neutral zones"--one with Iraq and the other with Kuwait--created. The Saudi-Kuwaiti neutral zone was administratively partitioned in 1971, with each state continuing to share the petroleum resources of the former zone equally. Tentative agreement on the partition of the Saudi-Iraqi neutral zone was reached in 1981, and partition was finalized by 1983. The country's southern boundary with Yemen was partially defined by the 1934 Treaty of Taif, which ended a brief border war between the two states. A June 2000 treaty further delineated portions of the boundary with Yemen. The location and status of Saudi Arabia's boundary with the United Arab Emirates is not final; a de facto boundary reflects a 1974 agreement. The border between Saudi Arabia and Qatar was resolved in March 2001. The border with Oman also is not demarcated. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Saudi Arabia"

See main article: Islamic science ...more on Wikipedia about "History of science in the Middle Ages"

This article deals with the History of Syria, and the nations previously occupying its territory. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Syria"

This article deals with the general history of the Levant, which is a geographical term that refers to a large area in Southwest Asia, south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the west, the Arabian Desert in the north, and Mesopotamia to the east. Occasionally, the term is employed to refer to modern events or states in the region immediately bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. ...more on Wikipedia about "History of the Levant" Come again to shortopedia

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