Indo-European languages Indo-European languages Albanian (gjuha shqipe / /) is a language spoken by over 8 million people primarily in Albania, Kosovo, and Macedonia but also by smaller numbers of ethnic Albanians in other parts of the Balkans, along the eastern coast of Italy and in Sicily, as well as by emigrant groups in Scandinavia, Germany, Greece the UK and the USA. The language forms its own distinct branch of the Indo-European language family. ...more on Wikipedia about "Albanian language"
The Ancient Macedonian language (provisional ISO-DIS 639-3.5 XMK) was the tongue of the ancient Macedonians. It was spoken especially in the inland regions of Macedon, away from the coast, during the 1st millennium BC, surviving into the early centuries of the Common Era. It is as yet undetermined whether the language was a separate yet sibling language which was most closely related to Greek, a dialect of Greek or an independent Indo-European language not especially close to Greek. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ancient Macedonian language"
The Balto-Slavic language group is a hypothetical language group consisting of the Baltic and Slavic language subgroups of the Indo-European family. ...more on Wikipedia about "Balto-Slavic languages"
British was an ancient Celtic language spoken in much of southern and central Britain, up to the central lowlands of Scotland. ...more on Wikipedia about "British language (Celtic)"
The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic", spoken by ancient and modern Celts alike. The Celtic languages are a family of the greater Indo-European language field. Anciently, during the 1st millennium BC, they were spoken across Europe, from the Bay of Biscay and the North Sea, up the Rhine and down the Danube to the Black Sea and the Upper Balkan Peninsula, and into Asia Minor (Galatia). Today, Celtic languages are now limited to a few enclaves in the British Isles, eastern Canada, Patagonia, scattered groups in the United States and Australia, and on the peninsula of Brittany in France. ...more on Wikipedia about "Celtic languages"
The Centum-Satem division is an isogloss of the Indo-European language family, discussing different treatments of the three dorsal consonant rows reconstructed for Proto-Indo-European, * (labiovelars), * (velars), and * ; (palatovelars). The terms come from the words for the number "one hundred" in representative languages of each group (Latin centum and Avestan ). ...more on Wikipedia about "Centum-Satem isogloss"
The Dacian language was an Indo-European language spoken by the ancient people of Dacia. It is often considered to have been on the same Indo-European branch as the Thracian language. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dacian language" shortopedia, just the best.
Graeco-Aryan refers to a hypothesis that the Proto-Greek and the Proto-Indo-Iranian languages share a common history separate from the remaining Indo-European languages. Graeco-Aryan has little support among linguists, since both geographical and temporal distribution of Greek and Indo-Iranian fit well with the Kurgan hypothesis, associating late PIE with the 4th millennium BC Yamna culture, consistent with a roughly mid- 3rd millennium BC date for both Proto-Greek and Proto-Indo-Iranian. ...more on Wikipedia about "Graeco-Aryan language"
The Illyrian languages are a group of Indo-European languages that were spoken in the western part of the Balkans in former times by ethnic groups identified as Illyrians: Delmatae, Pannoni, Illyrioi, Autariates, Taulanti (see List of Illyrian tribes). The Illyrian languages are generally, but not unanimously, reckoned as centum languages. ...more on Wikipedia about "Illyrian languages"
The Indo-European languages include several hundred languages and dialects (ca. 443 according to the SIL estimate), including most of the major language families of Europe, as well as many languages of Asia, which belong to a single superfamily. Contemporary languages in this superfamily include Bengali, English, French, German, Hindi, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish (each with more than 100 million native speakers), as well as numerous smaller national or minority languages. Indo-European is the largest family of languages in the world today, with its languages spoken by approximately 3 billion native speakers; the second largest family of tongues is Sino-Tibetan. (There are other, controversial supergroupings not considered here.) ...more on Wikipedia about "Indo-European languages"
Italo-Celtic refers to the hypothesis that the Italic languages and the Celtic languages are descended from a common ancestor, Proto-Italo-Celtic, at a stage post-dating Proto-Indo-European, making them genetically related more closely to each other than to any other language outside that group. The hypothesis is now generally considered obsolete, since most arguments forwarded to support it have turned out to be archaisms rather than common innovations. A close areal proximity of Proto-Celtic and Proto-Italic during some time is however still likely. ...more on Wikipedia about "Italo-Celtic"
The Liburnian language is an extinct language which was spoken by the ancient Liburnians, who occupied Liburnia in classical times. The Liburnian language is reckoned as an Indo-European language, in the Centum group. It appears to have been on the same Indo-European branch as the Venetic language; indeed, the Liburnian tongue may well have been a Venetic dialect. ...more on Wikipedia about "Liburnian language"
The Ligurian language was spoken in pre-Roman times and into the Roman era by an ancient people of north-western Italy and south-eastern France known as the Ligures. Very little is known about this language (mainly place names and personal names remain) which is generally believed to have been Indo-European; it appears to have adopted significantly from other Indo-European languages, primarily Celtic ( Gaulish) and Italic (Latin). ...more on Wikipedia about "Ligurian language"
The Indo-European languages include some 443 ( SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about three billion people, including most of the major language families of Europe and western Asia, which belong to a single superfamily. Each subfamily in this list contains many subgroups and individual languages. ...more on Wikipedia about "List of Indo-European languages"
Messapian (also known as Messapic) is an extinct Indo-European language of South-eastern Italy, once spoken in the regions of Apulia and Calabria. It was spoken by the Messapians, a tribe akin to the Iapyges, and akin to certain other tribes in the region. ...more on Wikipedia about "Messapian language"
The Paionian language is the poorly attested language of the ancient Paionians, whose kingdom once stretched north of Macedon into Dardania and in earlier times into southwestern Thrace. ...more on Wikipedia about "Paionian language"
The Paleo-Balkan languages were the Indo-European languages which were spoken in the Balkans in ancient times: ...more on Wikipedia about "Paleo-Balkan languages"
The Phrygian language was the Indo-European language of the Phrygians, a people who probably migrated from Thrace to Asia Minor in the Bronze Age. It is commonly supposed that the Phrygians migrated from Thrace to Anatolia during the Sea Peoples migrations of ca 1200 BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Phrygian language"
Proto-Baltic is the proto-language of the Baltic branch of the Indo-European languages. It either developed from Proto-Balto-Slavic, or in loose contact with Proto-Slavic, in roughly the area of the modern Baltic States, from the 2nd millennium BC. ...more on Wikipedia about "Proto-Baltic language"
Proto-Indo-Iranian, the Indo-European language spoken by the Indo-Iranians in the late 3rd millennium BC was a Satem language still not removed very far from the Proto-Indo-European language, and in turn only removed by a few centuries from the Vedic Sanskrit of the Rigveda. It is the ancestor of the Indo-Aryan languages, the Iranian languages and the Nuristani languages. The main phonological change separating Proto-Indo-Iranian from Proto-Indo-European is the collapse of the ablauting vowels *e, *o, *a into a single vowel, Proto-Indo-Iranian *a (but see Brugmann's law). Grassmann's law and Bartholomae's law were also complete in Proto-Indo-Iranian. ...more on Wikipedia about "Proto-Indo-Iranian language"
Sabellic, the name originally given by Mommsen in his Unteritalische Dialekte to the pre-Roman dialects of Central Italy which was neither Oscan nor Umbrian. The progress of study has, however, grouped them under more specific names, such as the "North Oscan" group and the "Latinian" group, and the only content now left for the term Sabellic consists of a group of 8 or 9 inscriptions to which it certainly cannot be applied with truth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sabellic"
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Sicel was an ancient language spoken by the Sicels ( Greek Sikeloi, Latin Siculi), one of the three indigenous (i.e. pre-Greek and pre-Punic) tribes of Sicily. According to some authors ( Varro, Diodorus Siculus) the speakers of Sicel entered Sicily from the Italian mainland, and the language is quite likely of Indo-European origin. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sicel language"
The Thracian language was the Indo-European language spoken in ancient times by the Thracians. ...more on Wikipedia about "Thracian language"
Tocharian is one of the most obscure branches of the Indo-European language group. It consisted of two languages, Tocharian A (Turfanian, Arsi, or East Tocharian) and Tocharian B (Kuchean or West Tocharian). These languages were spoken roughly from the 6th to 8th centuries, before they became extinct, their speakers being either wiped out or assimilated by the expanding Uighur tribes. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tocharian languages"
Venetic is an extinct Indo-European language that was spoken in ancient times in the Veneto region of Italy, between the Po River delta and the southern fringe of the Alps; and probably also in parts of Slovenia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Venetic language" The article you are reading is from shortopedia
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