Inflation Inflation Built-in inflation is a concept from economics referring to a type of inflation that resulted from past events and persists in the present. It thus might be called hangover inflation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Built-in inflation"
Chronic inflation is characterized by much higher price increases than ordinary inflation, at annual rates of 10 to 30 per cent in some industrialized nations and even 100 per cent or more in a few developing countries. Chronic inflation tends to become permanent and ratchets upwards to even higher levels as economic distortions and negative expectations accumulate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chronic inflation"
A measure of inflation that excludes certain items which face volatile price movements. Core inflation eliminates products that can have temporary price shocks (i.e. energy, food products) because these shocks can diverge from the overall trend of inflation and give a false measure of inflation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Core inflation"
Cost-push inflation or supply-shock inflation is a type of inflation caused by large increases in the cost of important goods or services where no suitable alternative is available. A situation that has been often cited as of this was the oil crisis of the 1970s, which some economists see as a major cause of the inflation experienced in the Western world in that decade. It is argued that this inflation resulted from increases in the cost of petroleum imposed by the member states of OPEC. Since petroleum is so important to industrialized economies, a large increase in its price can lead to the increase of most products, raising the inflation rate. This can raise the normal or built-in inflation rate, reflecting adaptive expectations and the price/wage spiral, so that a supply shock can have persistent effects. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cost push inflation"
In economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level, or a rise in the purchasing power of money with respect to a large class of consumption goods or services, over a period of time. Inflation is the opposite of deflation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Deflation (economics)"
Demand-pull inflation arises when aggregate demand in an economy outpaces aggregate supply. It involves inflation rising as real gross domestic product rises and unemployment falls, as the economy moves along the Phillips curve. This is commonly described as "too much money chasing too few goods". More accurately, it should be described as involving "too much money spending chasing too few goods", since only money that is spent on goods and services can cause inflation. This would not be expected to persist over time due to increases in supply, unless the economy is already at a full employment level. ...more on Wikipedia about "Demand pull inflation"
Disinflation is a decrease in the rate of inflation. Being how much prices are increasing per unit of time, it can be expressed using the word disinflation: The slowing of the rate of inflation per unit of time. ...more on Wikipedia about "Disinflation"
In economics, hyperinflation is inflation which is "out of control", a condition in which prices increase rapidly as a currency loses its value. No precise definition of hyperinflation is universally accepted. One simple definition requires an monthly inflation rate of 50% or more. The definition used by most economists is "an inflationary cycle without any tendency toward equilibrium." A vicious circle is created in which more and more inflation is created with each iteration of the cycle. Although there is a great deal of debate about the root causes of hyperinflation, it becomes visible when there is an unchecked increase in the money supply or drastic debasement of coinage. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hyperinflation"
In economics, incomes policies are wage and price controls used to fight inflation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Incomes policy"
Inflation, In economics, the inflation rate is the rate of increase of the average price level (a measure of inflation). If one likes analogies, the size of a balloon is like the price level, while the inflation rate is how quickly it grows in size. Alternatively, the inflation rate is the rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money. ...more on Wikipedia about "Inflation rate"
In macroeconomics, the price/wage spiral (also called the wage/price spiral) represents a vicious circle process in which different sides of the wage bargain try to keep up with inflation to protect real incomes. This process in turn is one cause of inflation. It can start either due to high aggregate demand or due to supply shocks, such as an oil price hike. There are two separate elements of this spiral that coexist and interact: ...more on Wikipedia about "Price/wage spiral"
Reflation is the act of stimulating the economy by increasing the money supply or by reducing taxes. The opposite of deflation. An economic policy whereby a government uses fiscal or monetary stimulus in order to expand a country's output. Possibilities include reducing tax, changing the money supply, or even adjusting interest rates. ...more on Wikipedia about "Reflation"
Stagflation is a term in macroeconomics used to describe a period characteristic of high inflation combined with economic stagnation, unemployment, or economic recession. ...more on Wikipedia about "Stagflation"
A symmetrical inflation target is a requirement placed on a central bank to respond when inflation is too low as well as when inflation is too high. ...more on Wikipedia about "Symmetrical inflation target"
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