Japanese phonology Japanese phonology The or mark is a Japanese symbol which is used to indicate a long vowel, especially in katakana writing. Its form is a horizontal or vertical line in the centre of the text with the width of one kanji or kana character. It is written horizontally in horizontal text and vertically in vertical text. In romanized Japanese, the function of the chōon mark is usually replaced by the macron mark above the vowel, as seen in this text. In JSL romanization, a doubled vowel, as in chooon, is used. The chōon is a distinct mark from the vertical dash and in most Japanese typefaces it can easily be distinguished. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chōon"
Dakuten (濁点), colloquially ten-ten ("dot dot"), is a diacritic sign most often used in the Japanese kana syllabaries to indicate that the consonant of a syllable should be pronounced voiced. Handakuten (半濁点), colloquially maru ("circle"), is a diacritic used with the kana for syllables starting with h to indicate that they should instead be pronounced with [p]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dakuten"
This article deals with the phonology (i.e. the sound system) of the Japanese language. ...more on Wikipedia about "Japanese phonology"
Japanese pitch accent is a feature of the Japanese language. It distinguishes words in most Japanese dialects, though the nature and location of the accent for a given word may vary between dialects. For instance, in standard Tokyo Japanese the word for "now" is , with the accent on the first syllable (or equivalently, with a downstep in pitch between the first and second syllables), but in the Kansai dialect it is . ...more on Wikipedia about "Japanese pitch accent"
This article describes sound symbolic or mimetic words in the Japanese language. Most languages have such words; for example, "bang", "zap", "ding", "slither", "pop", etc. in English. Sound symbolic words occur more often in Japanese than in English — they are found in formal as well as vernacular language. They can be classified into three main categories: ...more on Wikipedia about "Japanese sound symbolism"
Rendaku (連濁, lit. "sequential voicing") is a phenomenon in Japanese morphology which governs the voicing of the initial consonant of the non-initial portion of a compound or prefixed word. Rendaku is a common but unpredictable phenomenon in modern Japanese. The "voicing" follows the pattern of Japanese and is therefore not a strict change from voiceless to voiced sounds. It is also known as "sequential voicing". ...more on Wikipedia about "Rendaku"
The expression Sino-Japanese refers to borrowings from the Chinese language as traditionally pronounced by speakers of Japanese. Chinese vocabulary has exerted an enormous effect on Japanese, partly because at the time of their first contact, Japanese had no written form. The earliest written language to be used in Japan was in fact literary Chinese, which has come to be called kanbun in this context. Use of kanbun essentially required every literate Japanese to be competent in written Chinese. However, it is unlikely that any more than a very small number of Japanese people were ever fluent in spoken Chinese. Instead, Chinese pronunciation was approximated; these approximations of Chinese pronunciation have become what is now called Sino-Japanese. Later, the modern system of kanji and kana was developed, which enabled Japanese itself to be written using Chinese-based characters. However, many Sino-Japanese words were taken into the general vocabulary as loanwords; these are the on'yomi readings of kanji. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sino-Japanese"
I wish I had a shortopedia.
The sokuon ( Japanese: 促音) is a Japanese symbol consisting of a small hiragana or katakana tsu. Compare to a full-sized tsu: ...more on Wikipedia about "Sokuon"
The transcription of English to Japanese has been done since the earliest cultural contacts between English speakers and Japanese. During the Edo period, kanji were used phonetically to write English and other foreign words, but in the modern period katakana have become the principal target script. Unlike the systems for romaji, there is no standard for transcribing into katakana, and methods vary. However, generally all methods attempt to preserve the pronunciation of English, not the spelling. That is, transcription not transliteration is done. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transcribing English to Japanese"
Yōon (拗音) is a feature of the Japanese language in which a mora is formed with an added y sound. ...more on Wikipedia about "Yōon"
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