Language isolates Language isolates Adai (also Adaizan, Adaizi, Adaise, Adahi, Adaes, Adees, Atayos) is the name of a people and language that was spoken in eastern Louisiana and were a Southeastern culture of Native Americans. The name Adai is derived from the Caddo word hadai meaning 'brushwood'. ...more on Wikipedia about "Adai"
The Ainu language (Ainu: アイヌ イタク, aynu itak; Japanese: アイヌ語, ainu-go) is spoken by the Ainu ethnic group on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido. It was once spoken in the Kurile Islands, the northern part of Honshu, and the southern half of Sakhalin. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ainu language"
Atakapa is an extinct language isolate native to southwestern Louisiana and nearby eastern Texas. ...more on Wikipedia about "Atakapa language"
Basque (in Basque: Euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. More specifically, the Basques occupy a Spanish autonomous community known as the Basque Country (Euskadi), which has significant cultural and political autonomy. Basques also make up sizable parts of the population in what is known as the Northern Basque Country in France and the autonomous community of Navarre in Spain. The Standard Basque name for the language is euskara; other dialectal forms are euskera, eskuara and üskara. Although geographically surrounded by Indo-European languages, Basque is believed to be a language isolate. It is not an Indo-European language. ...more on Wikipedia about "Basque language"
The Beothuk language (also Beothukan) was the language spoken by the Beothuk indigenous people of Newfoundland. ...more on Wikipedia about "Beothuk language"
Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some 50,000-60,000 Burúšo people in the Hunza, Nagir, Yasin, and parts of the Gilgit valleys in northern Pakistan. Other names are Kanjut (Kunjoot), Khaguna, Werchikwār, Boorishki, Brushas (Brushias). ...more on Wikipedia about "Burushaski language"
The Cayuse are a Native American tribe in the state of Oregon in the United States. The Cayuse tribe shares a reservation in northeastern Oregon with the Umatilla and the Walla Walla tribes as part of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla. The reservation is located near Pendleton, Oregon near the Blue Mountains. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cayuse"
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Chimariko is an extinct language isolate formerly spoken in Trinity County in northwestern California by Chimariko peoples. Speakers lived mostly in a narrow canyon along the Trinity River (approximately a 20-mile section). ...more on Wikipedia about "Chimariko language"
The Chitimacha (also Chitimachan, Chetimacha) are a Native American group that lives in the U.S. state of Louisiana, mainly in St. Mary Parish. They currently number about 720 people. The Chitimacha language, a language isolate, has no known relatives. It is no longer spoken, though it is well documented in the work (mostly unpublished) of the late linguist Morris Swadesh. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chitimacha"
The Cippus Perusinus or Cippus of Perugia is a stone tablet discovered near Perugia, Italy, in 1822. The tablet bears 46 lines of Etruscan text exquisitely carved into it. Surprisingly well-preserved , the cippus is often assumed to be a text dedicating a legal contract between two Etruscan families; however there is severe doubt about the validity of such a translation when these translated values are carefully cross-referenced with the same words found in other Etruscan texts. Rather, an alternative and more likely view is that this is simply a tombstone for the deceased. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cippus perusinus"
Coahuilteco (also Pajalate) was a language isolate that was spoken in southern Texas and northeastern Mexico. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coahuilteco language"
Cotoname is an extinct language isolate spoken by Native Americans indigenous to the lower Rio Grande Valley of northeastern Mexico and extreme southern Texas ( United States). ...more on Wikipedia about "Cotoname language"
Elamite is an extinct language, which was spoken by the ancient Elamites. Elamite was an official language of the Persian Empire from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE. The last written records in Elamite appear about the time of the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great. ...more on Wikipedia about "Elamite language"
The Esselen were the Native American inhabitants of what is now known as Big Sur on the Central Coast of California. There is archaeological and linguistic evidence to indicate that their territory formerly extended much further north, into the San Francisco Bay Area, until they were displaced by the entrance of Ohlone speakers some 2,500-4,500 years ago. ...more on Wikipedia about "Esselen"
Etruscan was a language spoken and written in the ancient region of Etruria (current Tuscany) and in parts of what are now Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna (where the Etruscans were displaced by Gauls), in Italy. However, Latin superseded Etruscan completely, leaving only a few documents and a few loanwords in Latin (e.g., persona from Etruscan phersu), and some place-names, like Parma. ...more on Wikipedia about "Etruscan language"
Hadza is a language isolate along the southern shores of Lake Eyasi in Tanzania, with less than a thousand speakers. The Hadza people are still primarily hunter-gatherers, though there have been repeated efforts to settle them. Despite the small number of speakers, language use is vigorous, with most children learning it. However, the recent eradication of the tsetse fly from Hadza lands has cleared the way for cattle herders, charcoal burners, game hunters, and farmers, and the Hadza are losing their water, forest, food, and land to overexploitation and pollution. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hadza language"
The Haida language is the language of the Haida people. It contains no less than 46 consonants and only three vowels. Though once considered to be a member of the Na-Dené language family, it is now considered to be a language isolate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Haida language"
Hattic was a non- Indo-European language spoken in Asia Minor between the 3rd and the 2nd millennia BC, before the appearance of the Hittites. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hattic language"
The Huaorani language (also Waorani, Wao, Sabela, Ssabela; autonym: Huao Terero; pejorative: Auka, Auca) is an language isolate spoken by the Huaorani people, an indigenous group living in the Amazon rainforest between the Napo and Curaray Rivers. A small number of speakers with so-called uncontacted groups may live in Peru. ...more on Wikipedia about "Huaorani language"
The Iberian language describes a linguistic group identified with the Iberian civilization (7th century BC – 1st century BC), formed in the eastern and south-eastern regions of the Iberian peninsula. The substratum of the Sardinian language has also been identified as Iberian or close to Iberian. These indigenous languages became extinct by the 1st to 2nd centuries AD, after being gradually replaced by Latin. ...more on Wikipedia about "Iberian language"
Kalto or Nahali is a language isolate spoken in west-central India (in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra) by around 5,000 people. The language has many loans from Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and Munda languages, but much of its vocabulary cannot be related to other language families. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kalto language"
The Karankawa (also Karankawan, Clamcoëhs) Indian tribes played a pivotal part in early Texas history. The meaning of Karankawa is a bit misleading. The name Karankawa was the popular naming for various groups of Native Americans. The reason was because they all had a common dialect and culture. Those people were the Capoques (Coaques, Cocos), Kohanis, Kopanes (Copanes), and Karankawa (Carancaquacas) bands. They inhabited the Gulf Coast of Texas from Galveston Bay southwestward to Corpus Christi Bay. Their language, of which only about a hundred words are preserved, is also called Karankawa and may have been related to the Coahuiltecan, but researchers cannot be certain as so little is known of languages in this region. The significance of the name Karankawa is not known, but it is generally held to mean "dog-lovers" or "dog-raisers." That rendering seems creditable, since the Karankawas had dogs that were a fox or coyote-like species. A nomadic-type culture existed and they seasonally migrated between the mainland and the barrier islands. ...more on Wikipedia about "Karankawa"
Karuk (also Karok) are an indigenous people of California in the United States. ...more on Wikipedia about "Karuk"
Kawésqar (also Qawasqar, Alacaluf, Halakwulup, Kaweskar, Alakaluf, Kawaskar, Kawesqar, Qawashqar, Halakwalip, Hekaine, Kaueskar, Aksanás) is a language isolate spoken in southern Argentina and Chile by the Kawésqar people. Originally there were several distinct dialects, and one of these, Kakauhua, is sometimes listed as a separate language. The language family containing these two languages is known as Alacalufan. Only about 6 speakers remain, half of them on Wellington Island, off the southwestern coast of Chile. ...more on Wikipedia about "Kawésqar language"
Keresan (also Keres) is a group of seven related lects spoken by Pueblo peoples in New Mexico, U.S.A.. Each is mutually intelligible with its closest neighbors. There is significant diversity between the Western and Eastern groups. ...more on Wikipedia about "Keresan languages"
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