Mars Mars For a time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was believed that there were canals on Mars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Martian canals"
The Martian geologic timescale (or perhaps more properly the areologic timescale) has three broad epochs defined by the number of impact craters on the surface; older surfaces have more craters. The epochs are named after places on Mars that belong to those time periods. The precise timing of these periods is not known because there are several competing models describing the rate of meteor fall on Mars, dates given here are approximate. From oldest to youngest, the time periods are: ...more on Wikipedia about "Martian geologic timescale"
Martian spherules are the abundant spherical hematite inclusions discovered by the Mars Rover MER-B (Opportunity) at Meridiani Planum on the planet Mars. They are found in situ embeded in a sulfate salt evaporitic matrix, and also loose on the surface. ...more on Wikipedia about "Martian spherules"
Martian Standard Time is the standard time scale for planet Mars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Martian Standard Time"
Meridiani Planum is a plain located 2 degrees south of Mars' equator, in the westernmost portion of Sinus Meridiani. It hosts a rare occurrence of gray crystalline hematite. On Earth, hematite is often formed in hot springs or in standing pools of water; therefore, many scientists believe that the hematite at Meridiani Planum may be indicative of ancient hot springs or that the environment contained liquid water. The hematite is part of a layered sedimentary rock formation approximately 200 meters thick. Other features of Meridiani Planum include volcanic basalt and impact craters. ...more on Wikipedia about "Meridiani Planum"
Noctis Labyrinthus, "the labyrinth of the night", is a region of Mars between the Valles Marineris and the Tharsis upland. The region is notable for its maze-like system of deep, steep-walled valleys. ...more on Wikipedia about "Noctis Labyrinthus"
The North Polar Basin is an oceanic basin in the Arctic Ocean, consisting of two main parts, the Central Polar Basin and the Norwegian Basin, divided by a mid-ocean ridge lying between north Greenland and the Svalbard archipelago. The basin is bordered by the continental shelves of Eurasia and North America. ...more on Wikipedia about "North Polar Basin"
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Note the timestamps printed on the photos in the NASA press release do not correspond to the actual time that the shadow was imaged, rather they represent the "image start time" of a vertically much larger original image. Mars Global Surveyor orbits Mars in a sun-synchronous polar orbit with orbital period 117.65 minutes, moving from south pole to north pole, and continuously points its camera straight down. The result is an image in the form of a very long thin vertical strip, where the pixels in the top part of the image are imaged nearly one hour after those in the bottom part of the image. In principle the image could be as much as 43200 pixels high, but "downtrack summing" is used to merge adjacent lines. For instance, a downtrack summing factor of 27 causes every 27 lines to be merged into one, resulting in an image 1600 pixels high. Thus to determine the actual time that the Phobos shadow was imaged, it is necessary to locate the original image and measure how many pixels from the bottom of the image the shadow is found and add the corresponding offset to the image start time. ...more on Wikipedia about "Shadow of Phobos on Mars"
Sleepy Hollow is the name given to a circular, shallow depression in Gusev Crater on Mars near the landing site of the Mars Exploration Rover " Spirit" in 2004. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sleepy Hollow (Mars)"
The word "yestersol" was coined by NASA to refer to the previous sol (the Mars version of "yesterday") and came into fairly wide use within that organization during the Mars Exploration Rover Mission of 2003. It was even picked up and used by the press. Other neologisms such as "tosol" (for "today") and "nextersol" or "morrowsol" (for "tomorrow") have been less successful. ...more on Wikipedia about "Timekeeping on Mars"
A transit of Deimos across the Sun as seen from Mars takes place when Deimos passes directly between the Sun and a point on the surface of Mars, obscuring a small part of the Sun's disc for an observer on Mars. During a transit, Deimos can be seen from Mars as a small black disc rapidly moving across the face of the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transit of Deimos from Mars"
* Albert Marth, Note on the Transit of the Earth and Moon across the Sun’s Disk as seen from Mars on November 12, 1879, and on some kindred Phenomena, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 39 (1879), 513–514. ** ...more on Wikipedia about "Transit of Earth from Mars"
A transit of Mercury across the Sun as seen from Mars takes place when the planet Mercury passes directly between the Sun and Mars, obscuring a small part of the Sun's disc for an observer on Mars. During a transit, Mercury can be seen from Mars as a small black disc moving across the face of the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transit of Mercury from Mars"
A transit of Phobos across the Sun as seen from Mars takes place when Phobos passes directly between the Sun and a point on the surface of Mars, obscuring a large part of the Sun's disc for an observer on Mars. During a transit, Phobos can be seen from Mars as a large black disc rapidly moving across the face of the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transit of Phobos from Mars"
A transit of Venus across the Sun as seen from Mars takes place when the planet Venus passes directly between the Sun and Mars, obscuring a small part of the Sun's disc for an observer on Mars. During a transit, Venus can be seen from Mars as a small black disc moving across the face of the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Transit of Venus from Mars"
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