Marxist theorists

Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reynoso (born 3 December, 1934), a former professor of philosophy, was the leader of the Maoist insurgency Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso in Spanish) which has been active in Peru from the late 1970s. Wanted on charges of terrorism, Guzmán was captured by the Peruvian government in 1992 and sentenced to life imprisonment, but a retrial began in September 2005. ...more on Wikipedia about "Abimael Guzmán"

Abraham Leon ( 1918- 1944) (born Abraham Wejnstok), was a Jewish Trotskyist activist and theorist. He was born in Warsaw but his family moved to Belgium where he grew up. Leon became a member and then leader of the Belgian branch of Hashomer Hatzair, a left wing Zionist youth movement. In 1940, after the beginning of World War II, Leon rejected Zionism and became a Trotskyist joining the Belgian section of the Fourth International and became an organiser and leader against Nazi occupation and the "militarism" of Winston Churchill, exhorting Belgian workers to fight both in the classical Leninist fashion of turning the Word War into civil war. He wrote The Jewish Question: A Marxist Interpretation which remains a widely used Marxist analysis of Jewish history. ...more on Wikipedia about "Abraham Leon"

Ágnes Heller (born 1929 in Budapest, Hungary) is one of the world’s foremost Marxist philosophers. She also concentrates on Hegelian philosophy, ethics, political philosophy and existentialism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ágnes Heller"

Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai (Алекса́ндра Миха́йловна Коллонта́й — born Domontovich, Домонто́вич) ( - March 9, 1952) was a Russian Communist revolutionary, first as a member of the Mensheviks, then from 1914 on as a Bolshevik. She was effectively exiled by Stalin, who sent her abroad as a diplomat, and was thus one of the very few " Old Bolsheviks" to escape death during the Great Purges of the 1930s. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alexandra Kollontai"

Amadeo Bordiga ( 1889 - 1970) was a prominent Italian Marxist and a key contributor to Left Communist theory (see also Council Communism). ...more on Wikipedia about "Amadeo Bordiga"

Andre Gunder Frank ( Berlin, February 24, 1929 – Luxembourg, April 23, 2005) was a Marxian German economic historian and sociologist who was one of the founders of the Dependency theory in the 1960s. ...more on Wikipedia about "Andre Gunder Frank"

Andy Blunden ( 11 October 1945 – ) is an Australian writer and Marxist philosopher based in Melbourne. ...more on Wikipedia about "Andy Blunden" Don't hesitate to contact stuff on shortopedia

Anton Pannekoek ( January 2 1873 – April 28 1960) was a Dutch astronomer and Marxist theorist. He is sometimes known as Antonie Pannekoek. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anton Pannekoek"

Antonio Gramsci ( January 22, 1891 – April 27, 1937) was an Italian writer, politician, leader and theorist of Socialism, Communism and Anti-Fascism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antonio Gramsci"

Antonio Labriola ( 1843- 1904) was an Italian Marxist theoretician. Although an academic philosopher and never an active member of any political party, his thought exerted influence on many political theorists in Italy during the early 20th century, including the founder of the Italian Liberal Party Benedetto Croce and the founder of the Italian Communist Party Antonio Gramsci. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antonio Labriola"

Antonio Negri ( 1933- ) is a moral and political philosopher from Italy. Negri is perhaps most well-known for his co-authorship of Empire and his work on Spinoza. Born in Padua, he became a political philosophy professor in his hometown university. Negri founded Potere Operaio (Worker Power) group in 1969 and was a leading member of the Autonomia Marxist group. Accused in the early 1980s of being the mastermind behind the May 1978 assassination of Aldo Moro, leader of Christian-Democrat Party, Negri was later cleared of any links with the Red Brigades who had carried out Moro's kidnapping. Negri went into exile in France and taught at the Université de Vincennes (Paris-VIII) and the Collège International de Philosophie, along with Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. In 1997, he voluntarily returned to Italy to serve the end of his sentence. He now divides his time between Rome, Venice and Paris. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antonio Negri"

August Ferdinand Bebel ( February 22 1840 – March 18 1913) was a German social democrat and one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. ...more on Wikipedia about "August Bebel"

Cyril Lionel Robert James ( 4 January 1901– 19 May 1989) was a journalist, socialist theorist and writer. ...more on Wikipedia about "C. L. R. James"

Chantal Mouffe (born 1943) is a Belgian political theorist. She is a Professor in the University of Westminster and she co-authored Hegemony and Socialist Strategy with Ernesto Laclau. Their thoughts are usually described as post-Marxist as they were both politically active in the social and student movements of the 1960s and were thus active working class and new social movements (notably second-wave feminism in Mouffe's case). They rejected Marxist economic determinism and the notion of class struggle being the single crucial antagonism in society. Instead they urged for radical democracy of agonistic pluralism where all antagonisms could be expressed. In their opinion "...there is no possibility of society without antagonism", that is why they claimed that "society does not exist". ...more on Wikipedia about "Chantal Mouffe"

Charles Bettelheim ( November 20, 1913 -) is a French economist and historian, founder of the Center for the Study of Modes of Industrialization (CEMI) at the Sorbonne), economic advisor to the governments of several developing countries during the period of de[[colonization. He was very influential in France's New Left and considered one of "the best-known Marxists in the capitalist world." (Le Monde, April 4, 1972), in France as well as in Spain, Italy, Latin America, and India. ...more on Wikipedia about "Charles Bettelheim"

Ernesto Guevara de la Serna ( June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara or el Che, was an Argentine doctor, Marxist revolutionary, politician, and Cuban guerrilla leader. Guevara was a member of Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement that seized power in Cuba in 1959. After serving in various important posts in the new government and writing a number of articles and books on the theory and practice of guerrilla warfare, Guevara left Cuba in 1965 with the intention of fomenting revolutions first in the Congo-Kinshasa (later named the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and then in Bolivia, where he was captured in a CIA-organized military operation. After his capture in the Yuro ravine, CIA agent Felix Rodriguez interrogated Guevara and transmitted the order to the Bolivian soldiers that Guevara was to be executed, thus dying at the hands of the Bolivian Army in La Higuera near Vallegrande on October 9 1967. Participants in and witnesses to the events of his final hours testify that his captors summarily executed him, perhaps to avoid a public trial followed by imprisonment in Bolivia. After his death, Guevara became an icon of socialist revolutionary movements worldwide. An Alberto Korda photo of Guevara has received wide distribution (and modification) and has been called "the most famous photograph in the world and a symbol of the 20th century." ...more on Wikipedia about "Che Guevara"

Christopher Caudwell is the pseudonym of Christopher St. John Sprigg (?, 1907 - February 12, 1937), British Marxist writer, thinker and poet. ...more on Wikipedia about "Christopher Caudwell (politician)"

Clara Zetkin, maiden name Eissner (born 5 July 1857 in Wiederau, Saxony; died 20 June 1933 in Archangelskoye near Moscow) was an influential socialist German politician and a fighter for women's rights. Until 1917 she was active in the Social Democratic Party of Germany, then she joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) and its far-left wing, the Spartacist League; this later became the Communist Party of Germany (KPD), which she represented in the Reichstag during the Weimar Republic from 1920 to 1933. ...more on Wikipedia about "Clara Zetkin"

Claude Lefort was born in 1924 and was politically active by 1942 under the influence of his tutor, the phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty (whose posthumous publications Lefort later edited). By 1943 he was organising a faction of the Trotskyist Parti Communiste Internationaliste at the Lycée Henry IV in Paris. Lefort was impressed by Cornelius Castoriadis when he first met him. From 1946 he collaborated with him in the Chaulieu-Montal Tendency, from their noms-de guerre Pierre Chaulieu(Castoriadis) and Claude Montal (Lefort), publishing 0n the Regime and Against the Defence of the USSR, a critique of both the Soviet Union and its Trotskyist supporters. They suggested that the USSR was dominated by a social layer of bureaucrats, and that it consisted of a new kind of society as aggressive as Western European societies. By 1948 having tried to persuade the other trotskyists of their viewpoint they broke away with about a dozen others and founded the libertarian socialist group Socialisme ou Barbarie. ...more on Wikipedia about "Claude Lefort"

Cornelius Castoriadis ( March 11 1922- December 26 1997) was born in Constantinople ( Istanbul) and his family moved soon after to Athens. After earning degrees in Political Science, Economics and Law from the University of Athens, he moved to Paris to continue his studies in 1945. He had been an active Trotskyist in Athens but broke with the Trotskyists in Paris in 1948 and joined Claude Lefort and others in founding the group and journal " Socialisme ou Barbarie" (1949-1966), which included Jean-François Lyotard, Pierre Guillaume, as members for a while, and profoundly influenced the French intellectual left, notably Guy Debord. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cornelius Castoriadis"

David Harvey (b. 1935) is a Marxist geographer. He is the world's most cited academic geographer, and the author of many books and essays that have been central to the development of geography as a discipline. His work has also contributed to broader social and political debate, particularly in the development of urban studies which, he argues, must draw on geography and the study of space. His career has seen him move through three areas of geographical enquiry. While excelling at each, he is best known for 35 years of commitment to Marxism and radical geography. ...more on Wikipedia about "David Harvey (geographer)"

David Laibman ( December 25 1942 - ) is Professor of Economics at the City University of New York and has been editor of the marxist journal Science & Society. since 1990. ...more on Wikipedia about "David Laibman"

Eduard Bernstein ( January 6 1850 - December 18 1932) was a German social democratic theoretician and politician, member of the SPD, and founder of evolutionary socialism or reformism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eduard Bernstein"

Egon Bondy (born January 20, 1930 in Prague) is a Czech philosopher, writer and poet, and the main personality of the Prague Underground. ...more on Wikipedia about "Egon Bondy"

Elmar Altvater (born 24 August, 1938) was Professor of political science at the Otto-Suhr-Institute of the Free University of Berlin, before retiring on 30 September 2004. He continues to work at the Institute, and to publish articles and books. ...more on Wikipedia about "Elmar Altvater"

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