Metal halides

Aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) is a compound of aluminium and chlorine. The anhydrous material has a very interesting structure: despite being the halide of a highly electropositive metal, its bonding is principally covalent. This is seen in the fact that it has a low melting and boiling point (it sublimes at 178 ° C), and it conducts electricity poorly in the liquid state^[1], unlike ionic halides such as sodium chloride. It exists in the solid state as a six-coordinate layer lattice. This melts to a four-coordinate dimer, Al₂Cl₆, which can vaporise, but at higher temperatures this dissociates into a simple AlCl₃ species analogous to BF₃. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aluminium chloride"

Barium chloride (BaCl₂) is a salt of barium and chlorine. It is ionic and water-soluble. It is toxic like other barium salts. It imparts a yellow-green coloration to a flame. ...more on Wikipedia about "Barium chloride"

Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chlorine, with the formula CdCl₂. It is a hygroscopic solid which is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Although it is considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding. The crystal structure for cadmium chloride described below, a 2D layer lattice, is often used as a reference for describing other crystal structures. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cadmium chloride"

Caesium chloride is an ionic compound best known as a structural type. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caesium chloride"

Caesium fluoride (cesium fluoride in North America), is an ionic compound usually found as a hygroscopic white solid. It is more soluble and more readily dissociated than sodium fluoride or potassium fluoride. CsF is commercially available – on a lab scale it costs around $50 per 100g ( Synquest ), cheaper than RbF. It is available in anhydrous form, and if water has been absorbed it is easy to dry by heating at 100 ° C for two hours in vacuo ^[3]. It is therefore a useful, less hygroscopic alternative to tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (TBAF) and TAS-fluoride when anhydrous "naked" fluoride ion is needed. Like all soluble fluorides, it is mildly basic. Contact with acid should be avoided, as this forms highly toxic/corrosive hydrofluoric acid. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caesium fluoride"

Caesium iodide is an ionic compound often used as the input phosphor of an x-ray image intensifier tubes found in Fluoroscopy equipment. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caesium iodide"

Calcium chloride is a chemical compound of calcium and chlorine. It is highly soluble in water and it is deliquescent. It is a salt that is solid at room temperature, and it behaves as a typical ionic halide. It has several common applications such as brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and in cement. It can be produced directly from limestone, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the Solvay process. Because of its hygroscopic nature, it must be kept in tightly-sealed containers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Calcium chloride"

(Calcium fluoride) General ...more on Wikipedia about "Calcium fluoride"

Cerium(III) chloride (CeCl₃), also known as cerous chloride or cerium trichloride, is a compound of cerium and chlorine. It is a white hygroscopic solid; It rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a hydrate which appears to be of variable composition^[2], though the heptahydrate CeCl₃.7 H₂O is known. It is highly soluble in water, and (when anhydrous) it is soluble in ethanol and acetone^[4]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cerium(III) chloride"

Chromium(III) chloride (also called chromic chloride) is a violet coloured solid with the formula CrCl₃. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chromium(III) chloride"

Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl₂) is a chemical compound composed of cobalt and chlorine. It is blue when anhydrous, and a deep magenta colour when hydrated- for this reason it is widely used as an indicator for water, for example in drying agents such as silica gel. The magenta hexahydrate is probably the most familiar cobalt compound in the laboratory: ...more on Wikipedia about "Cobalt(II) chloride"

Copper(I) chloride (quite commonly called cuprous chloride), is the lower chloride of copper, with the formula CuCl. It occurs naturally as the mineral nantokite. It is a white solid which is almost insoluble in water, and which tends to oxidise in air to green CuCl₂. It is a Lewis acid which reacts with suitable ligands such as ammonia or chloride ion to form complexes, many of which are water-soluble. It is even able to form a stable complex with carbon monoxide. ...more on Wikipedia about "Copper(I) chloride"

The chemical compound copper(I) iodide, also known as cuprous iodide is a heat stabilizer for nylon. It is also used as a catalyst in fine chemical synthesis. ...more on Wikipedia about "Copper(I) iodide"

Copper(II) chloride is the higher chloride of copper, with the formula CuCl₂. It occurs naturally as the mineral eriochalcite. It is a brown solid which slowly absorbs moisture to form a blue-green di hydrate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Copper(II) chloride"

Dysprosium(III) chloride (DyCl₃), also known as dysprosium trichloride, is a compound of dysprosium and chlorine. It is a white to yellow solid which rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a hexa hydrate, DyCl₃.6H₂O. Simple rapid heating of the hydrate causes partial hydrolysis^[1] to an oxychloride, DyOCl. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dysprosium(III) chloride"

Erbium(III) chloride is a violet solid used for the preparation of erbium metal. It is also found as a pink crystalline hexahydrate, CAS number [10025-75-9]. It has the interesting property that the pink colour is much more intense under fluorescent light, as may be seen from the picture below. ...more on Wikipedia about "Erbium(III) chloride"

Europium(III) chloride is a compound of europium and chlorine with the molecular formula EuCl₃. ...more on Wikipedia about "Europium(III) chloride"

Gadolinium(III) chloride is a white crystalline solid. It also occurs as a white hexahydrate, CAS number [19423-81-5]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gadolinium(III) chloride"

Gold(III) chloride, traditionally called auric chloride, is one of the most common compounds of gold. It has the formula Au Cl₃. The Roman numerals in the name indicate that the gold has an oxidation state of +3, which is the most stable form for gold in its compounds. Gold also forms another chloride, gold(I) chloride (AuCl) which is less stable than AuCl₃. Also chlorauric acid (HAuCl₄), the product formed when gold dissolves in aqua regia, is sometimes referred to rather loosely as "gold chloride", "acid gold trichloride" or even "gold(III) chloride trihydrate". ...more on Wikipedia about "Gold(III) chloride"

== Hafnium(IV) chloride == ...more on Wikipedia about "Hafnium(IV) chloride"

Iridium(III) chloride is the starting material for most iridium chemistry. It is a dark green crystalline solid, which is very hygroscopic. It is usually encountered as a non-stoïchiometric hydrate ( CAS number [14996-61-3]) which has a highly variable water content. ...more on Wikipedia about "Iridium(III) chloride"

The chemical compound iron(II) chloride, also called ferrous chloride, is an inorganic metal salt. It is produced by treating iron or steel with hydrochloric acid. ...more on Wikipedia about "Iron(II) chloride"

Iron(III) chloride, generically called ferric chloride, is an iron-based salt of chemical formula FeCl₃. It is very deliquescent and it fumes in moist air with hydrolysis and when dissolved in water, it evolves a great deal of heat and produces a brown, acidic solution. This corrosive liquid is used in treating sewage and drinking water, and to etch copper-based metals (such as those found in electrical circuit boards) and stainless steel. ...more on Wikipedia about "Iron(III) chloride"

Lead(II) chloride is the insoluble salt made by adding sodium chloride to soluble lead(II) compounds such as lead(II) nitrate. It is one of only a few insoluble metal chlorides. Its chemical formula is PbCl₂. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lead(II) chloride"

Lead(II) iodide ( Pb I₂) is a toxic, yellowish solid. In its crystalline form it is used as a detector material for high energy photons including x-rays and gamma rays. It is also known as plumbous iodide. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lead(II) iodide"

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