Metal halides Metal halides Lithium chloride behaves as a fairly typical ionic compound, although the Li+ ion is very small. The salt is hygroscopic and highly soluble in water, and is highly polar. It is more soluble in polar organic solvents such as methanol and acetone than is sodium chloride or potassium chloride. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lithium chloride"
Magnesium chloride is composed of magnesium and chlorine and is a typical ionic halide, being highly polar and soluble in water. It is a weak Lewis acid, so not surprisingly the hexahydrate can undergo partial hydrolysis when heated. Magnesium chloride can be extracted from brine or sea water, and is a commonly used source of magnesium metal, which can be extracted from MgCl2 using electrolysis. ...more on Wikipedia about "Magnesium chloride"
Magnesium fluoride (MgF2) is a white crystalline salt composed of one magnesium ion and two fluoride ions. It is a tetragonal, birefringent crystal. ...more on Wikipedia about "Magnesium fluoride"
Manganese(II) chloride (MnCl2) is a pink salt of manganese and chlorine. It occurs naturally as the mineral scacchite. It is ionic and it dissolves in water to give a solution with a pH of around 4. ...more on Wikipedia about "Manganese(II) chloride"
Manganese tetrafluoride (MF4) is a blue material made by manganese and fluoride. ...more on Wikipedia about "Manganese(IV) fluoride"
Mercury(I) chloride ( chemical formula Hg2Cl2, often still known by its ancient name of calomel) is a chloride of mercury, a heavy, white or yellowish-white substance. It may also be called mercurous chloride. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mercury(I) chloride"
Mercury(II) chloride (also called mercuric chloride and corrosive sublimate) is a poisonous white soluble crystalline sublimate of mercury. It was formerly used in insecticides, batteries; as an antiseptic, disinfectant, preservative, in metallurgy and as a photographic fixitive. Mercuric chloride is one of the most toxic forms of mercury because it easily forms organomercury complexes with proteins. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mercury(II) chloride"
Metal halide lamps are similar to mercury vapor lamps, but instead of just mercury, they also contain sodium/scandium iodide and sometimes metals in the rare earth period combined with halogens in the halogen group of the periodic table. They are preferred over mercury vapor in areas where color rendition is important as they give a purer white light than mercury vapor, which tends towards the blue end of the electromagnetic spectrum ...more on Wikipedia about "Metal halide lamp"
Neodymium(III) chloride, also known as neodymium trichloride, is a compound of neodymium and chlorine. The anhydrous compound is a mauve-coloured hygroscopic solid that rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a purple-coloured hexa hydrate, NdCl3.6H2O ( CAS number 13477-89-9, density 2.282 g cm-3). This hydrate, like many neodymium salts, has the interesting property that it loses its colour under fluorescent light (see picture). It is soluble in water to the extent of 0.967 kg/L at 13°C [2], and (when anhydrous) it is soluble (0.445 kg/L) in ethanol but insoluble in chloroform and ether[2]. The anhydrous salt is nine-coordinate (trigonal prismatic)[3], and crystallises with the UCl3 structure[1]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Neodymium(III) chloride"
Nessler's reagent is a reagent used to detect small amounts of ammonia. It is a 0.09 mol/L solution of potassium tetraiodomercurate(II) (K2[HgI4]) in 2.5 mol/L potassium hydroxide. A yellow coloration indicates the presence of ammonia: at higher concentrations, a brown precipitate may form. The sensitivity as a spot test is about 0.3 μg NH3 in 2 μL. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nessler's reagent"
The chemical compound nickel(II) chloride (often called just nickel chloride) is an inorganic salt of formula NiCl2. It is applied as catalyst in chemical reactions, like aluminium chloride. It is also used for electroplating. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nickel(II) chloride"
Niobium(V) chloride, also known as niobium pentachloride, is a yellow crystalline solid often used as a starting material in niobium chemistry. It is prepared by heating niobium metal in chlorine. It is often contaminated with small amounts of niobium(V) oxychloride, NbOCl3, formed by hydrolysis or from traces of oxygen during the preparation. NbCl5 may be purified by sublimation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Niobium(V) chloride"
Palladium(II) chloride, also known as palladium dichloride, is a common starting material in palladium chemistry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Palladium(II) chloride"
Potassium bromide ( K Br) is a salt, used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the 1800s. Today it is used as a medication for dogs (see below). It's a white crystalline powder and soluble in water. In a dilute aqueous solution, potassium bromide tastes sweet, at higher concentration it tastes bitter, and when most concentrated it tastes salty to humans. In high concentration it irritates strongly the gastric mucous membrane leading to nausea and sometimes vomiting. ...more on Wikipedia about "Potassium bromide"
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The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. In its pure state it is odourless. It has a white to colourless vitreous crystal, with a face-centred cubic structure that cleaves easily in three directions. It is also commonly known as "Muriate of Potash". Potash varies in color from pink or red to white depending on the mining and recovery process used. White potash, sometimes referred to as soluble potash, is usually higher in analysis and is used primarily for making liquid starter fertilizers. KCl is used in medicine, scientific applications, food processing and in judicial execution through lethal injection. It occurs naturally as the mineral sylvite and in combination with sodium chloride as sylvinite. ...more on Wikipedia about "Potassium chloride"
Potassium iodide is a white crystalline salt with chemical formula , used in photography and radiation treatment. It finds widespread application as an iodide source because it is less hygroscopic than sodium iodide, making it easier to work with. KI can turn yellow upon heating in air or upon standing in moist air for long periods, because of oxidation of the iodide to iodine. ...more on Wikipedia about "Potassium iodide"
Praseodymium(III) chloride (PrCl3), also known as praseodymium trichloride, is a compound of praseodymium and chlorine. It is a blue-green solid which rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a light green hepta hydrate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Praseodymium(III) chloride"
Radium chloride, RaCl2, was the first radium compound to be prepared in a pure state, and was the basis of Marie Curie's original separation of radium from barium. The first preparation of radium metal was by the electrolysis of a solution of radium chloride. ...more on Wikipedia about "Radium chloride"
Rhodium(III) chloride is the end-point of the separation of rhodium from the other platinum group metals, and hence the starting material for most rhodium chemistry. It is a dark red crystalline solid, notably hygroscopic particularly when anhydrous. It is usually encountered as a non-stoïchiometric crystalline hydrate ( CAS number [20765-98-4]) which contains approximately three water molecules for each rhodium atom. ...more on Wikipedia about "Rhodium(III) chloride"
Ruthenium(III) chloride is a dark brown or black solid which is commonly used as a starting material in ruthenium chemistry. The commercial material is a hydrate with a varying proportion of water of crystallization, often approximating to a trihydrate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ruthenium(III) chloride"
Samarium(II) iodide (SmI2) is a green solid composed of samarium and iodine, with a melting point of 520 °C [1]. It can be formed by high temperature decomposition of SmI3 (the more stable iodide), but a convenient lab preparation is to react Sm powder with 1,2-diiodoethane in anhydrous THF [2], or CH2I2 may also be used [4]. Samarium(II) iodide is a powerful reducing agent - for example it rapidly reduces water to hydrogen. It is available commercially as a dark blue 0.1 M solution in THF. ...more on Wikipedia about "Samarium(II) iodide"
Samarium(III) chloride (SmCl3), also known as samarium trichloride, is a compound of samarium and chlorine. It is a pale yellow solid which rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a hexa hydrate, SmCl3.6H2O. Simple rapid heating of the hydrate alone may cause small amounts of hydrolysis[1]. The first five moles of water are lost at 110 °C[2]. ...more on Wikipedia about "Samarium(III) chloride"
Scandium chloride, ScCl3, is a colourless compound. ...more on Wikipedia about "Scandium(III) chloride"
Silver bromide (AgBr) is a photosensitive substance. It is a pale yellow salt composed of silver and bromine. Unlike most metal bromides, it is insoluble in water. It was widely used in black-and-white photography, and is believed by some to have been the method used for faking the Turin Shroud (its photosensitive properties used to create the image). ...more on Wikipedia about "Silver bromide"
(Silver chloride)
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