Metals

A base metal is a common or at least inexpensive metal. Frequently, the term is used to refer to those that oxidize or corrode relatively easily, and react variably with dilute hydrochloric acid to form hydrogen. Examples include iron, nickel, lead and zinc. Copper is considered a base metal as it oxidizes relatively easily, although it does not react with HCl. ...more on Wikipedia about "Base metal"

Biscuit tins are rectangular or square tins originally designed to contain biscuits but the term is also used for similar shaped tins containing a variety of products. They are widely available throughout the world but especially in countries with strong connections with the UK. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biscuit tin"

Carat is a measure of the purity of gold and platinum alloys. One carat in this sense is one twenty-fourth purity by weight. Therefore 24-carat gold is pure gold (99.99%), 12-carat gold is 50% purity, etc. In the United States and Canada, the spelling karat is usually used for the measure of purity, while carat refers to the measure of mass. ...more on Wikipedia about "Carat (purity)"

Carbonyl iron is a highly pure (97.5% for grade S, 99.5+% for grade R) iron, prepared by chemical decomposition of purified iron pentacarbonyl. It usually has the appearance of grey powder, composed of spherical microparticles. Most of the impurities are carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. ...more on Wikipedia about "Carbonyl iron"

Low-emittance (Low-E) coatings are microscopically thin, virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide layers deposited on a window or skylight glazing surface primarily to reduce the U-factor by suppressing radiative heat flow. The principal mechanism of heat transfer in multilayer glazing is thermal radiation from a warm pane of glass to a cooler pane. Coating a glass surface with a low-emittance material and facing that coating into the gap between the glass layers blocks a significant amount of this radiant heat transfer, thus lowering the total heat flow through the window. Low-E coatings are transparent to visible light. Different types of Low-E coatings have been designed to allow for high solar gain, moderate solar gain, or low solar gain. ...more on Wikipedia about "Low-E"

In chemistry, a metal ( Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily forms ions (cations) and has metallic bonds, and metals are sometimes described as a lattice of positive ions (cations) in a cloud of electrons. The metals are one of the three groups of elements as distinguished by their ionisation and bonding properties, along with the metalloids and nonmetals. On the periodic table, a diagonal line drawn from boron (B) to polonium (Po) separates the metals from the nonmetals. Elements on this line are metalloids, sometimes called semi-metals; elements to the lower left are metals; elements to the upper right are nonmetals. ...more on Wikipedia about "Metal"

Nitric acid acts upon copper is a phrase used in an old chemistry textbook, and more commonly known, one that was read by Ira Remsen. It prompted him to carry out an experiment, his description of which is often repeated in modern chemistry texts on the importance of experimentation and attending lab class. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nitric acid acts upon copper"

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Non-ferrous metals are metals that do not contain iron. There are two groups of metals; ferrous and non-ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron, for example carbon steel, stainless steel (both alloys; mixtures of metals) and wrought iron. ...more on Wikipedia about "Non-ferrous metal"

(Purity) An object is pure if it has no contamination or foreign material. ...more on Wikipedia about "Purity"

Refractory metals are a class of metals extraordinarily resistant to heat, wear and corrosion. These properties make them useful in many applications. Household incandescent bulbs contain refractory metals in their tungsten filaments, and nearly all manufactured goods, particularly those containing metal or electronics, contain or were produced using refractory metals. ...more on Wikipedia about "Refractory metals"

Spark testing metals is done by noting the type of sparks that issue from a piece of steel that has been put to a grinding wheel, From this one can deduce with some accuracy the type of alloy present (for instance; percentage carbon, vanadium, chromium). ...more on Wikipedia about "Spark testing metals"

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