Movie film formats

16 mm film was initially created in the 1920s as an inexpensive amateur alternative to the conventional 35 mm film format. Thanks to the compact size and lower cost, 16 mm was quickly adopted for use in professional news reporting, corporate and educational films, and other uses, while the home movie market switched to even less expensive 8 mm film. ...more on Wikipedia about "16 mm film"

4-perf,3-perf and 2-perf are 35 mm motion picture film formats. The number of perfs is the number of film perferations that each film frame occupies. ...more on Wikipedia about "3-perf and 2-perf pulldown"

35 mm spherical ...more on Wikipedia about "35 mm film"

70 mm film (or 65 mm film) is a high-resolution film stock, of superior quality to standard 35 mm motion picture film format. As used in camera, the film is 65 mm wide; for projection 2.5 mm are added along each outer side of the perforations for magnetic strips holding six tracks of surround sound, although in truth, the magnetic sound system is used now rarely. Each frame is five perforations tall, with an aspect ratio of 2.20. ...more on Wikipedia about "70 mm film"

70 mm Grandeur film, the forerunner of CinemaScope was used in the film the The Big Trail, in which John Wayne played his first starring role. Filming began in April, 1930. The film was also shot in 35 mm. When the film was released the only theaters with a wide screen were Grauman's Chinese Theater and the Roxy Theater in New York City. ...more on Wikipedia about "70 mm Grandeur film"

8 mm film is a motion picture film format in which the filmstrip is eight millimeters wide. It exists in two main versions: regular or standard 8 mm (the subject of this article) and Super 8. There are also two other varieties of Super 8 which require different cameras but which produce a final film with the same dimensions. ...more on Wikipedia about "8 mm film"

9.5 mm film is an amateur film format introduced by Pathé Frères in 1922 as part of the Pathé Baby amateur film system. It was conceived initially as an inexpensive format to provide copies of commercially-made films to home users, although a simple camera was released shortly afterwards. ...more on Wikipedia about "9.5 mm film"

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Cinemascope, or more strictly CinemaScope, was a widescreen movie format used from 1953 to 1967. Anamorphic lenses allowed the process to project film at a 2.66:1 aspect ratio, twice as wide as the conventional format of 1.33:1. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cinemascope"

Cinemiracle was a widescreen cinema format competing with Cinerama developed in the 1950s. It was ultimately unsuccessful, with only a single film produced and released in the format. Like Cinerama it used 3 cameras to capture a 2.59:1 image. Cinemiracle used two mirrors to give the left and right cameras the same optical center as the middle camera. This made the joins between the projected images much less obvious than with Cinerama. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cinemiracle"

The original Cinerama system is a widescreen process which works by simultaneously projecting images from three synchronized 35 mm projectors onto a huge, deeply-curved screen, subtending 146º of arc. The screen is made of adjacent vertical strips, each of which faces the audience, in order to prevent light scattered from one side of the curve from impinging on the other side. The spectacular display is accompanied by a high-quality, six-track, stereophonic sound system. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cinerama"

Circle-Vision 360° is a film technique used for a few attractions at Disney theme parks, such as Epcot's O Canada!, Reflections of China, and Disneyland's defunct America the Beautiful ( 1967 version), Wonders of China, and American Journeys, which were housed in the Circle-Vision theater in Tomorrowland. ...more on Wikipedia about "Circle-Vision 360°"

Digital film refers to cinema production and performance systems which work by using a digital representation of the brightness and colour of each pixel of the image. ...more on Wikipedia about "Digital film"

IMAX (for Image Maximum) is a film projection system that has the capacity to display images of far greater size and resolution than conventional film display systems. A standard IMAX screen is 22 m wide and 16 m high (72.6 x 52.8 ft), but can be larger. IMAX is the most successful large-format special-venue film presentation system. ...more on Wikipedia about "IMAX"

Single-8 is a motion picture film format introduced by Fujifilm of Japan in 1965 as an alternative to the Kodak Super 8 format. ...more on Wikipedia about "Single-8"

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Super 35 is a motion picture film format that uses exactly the same film stock as standard 35 mm film, but puts a larger image frame on that stock, instead of an analog sound track. ...more on Wikipedia about "Super 35 film"

Super 8 mm film, also called Super 8 is a motion picture film format that was developed in the 1960s and released on the market in 1965 by Eastman Kodak as an improvement of the older 8mm home movie format. ...more on Wikipedia about "Super 8 mm film"

Technirama is a screen process that was used by some film production houses as an alternative to CinemaScope. It was first used in 1956 but fell into disuse in the mid 1960s. The process was invented by Technicolor and is an anamorphic process with a screen ratio the same as revised CinemaScope (2.35:1). ...more on Wikipedia about "Technirama"

2-Perf or Techniscope is a 35 mm motion picture camera film format. The film has an aspect ratio of 2.35:1 like Cinemascope, however it uses two perforations worth of film per frame instead of the four used by Cinemascope. ...more on Wikipedia about "Techniscope"

Todd-AO was a widescreen extremely high definition film format developed in the mid 1950s. It was co-developed by Mike Todd, a flamboyant Broadway producer, with American Optical Company. It was memorably characterized by its creator as "Cinerama outa one hole." Unlike Cinerama, the process required a single camera and one set of lenses. Four kinds of lenses (35 mm to 56 mm, 63 mm, 65 mm, or 70 mm) covered -128, 64, 48, 37 degree field of view. Films were shot in 65 mm negative and the images then transferred to 70 mm prints (to accommodate sound tracks) for projection. The aspect ratio of this format was 2.20:1. While the 70 mm film width had been used long ago, most notably in Fox's Grandeur process around 1930, those earlier processes are not compatible. Todd-AO actually combined the idea of 65 mm photography with frames 5 sprocket holes tall (also a process with a history extending back to the silent era) with 70 mm wide prints and the magnetic sound that first appeared with CinemaScope, although improved with 6 channels and much better fidelity. The 70 mm print adds 2.5 mm extra down each edge to accommodate some of the soundtracks. Thus the print actually carries 65 mm perforations and the 65 mm negative is contact printed directly to the 70 mm print stock as the sprocket holes align. ...more on Wikipedia about "Todd-AO"

Univision or Univisium is a 35 mm motion picture film format proposed by cinematographer Vittorio Storaro. It uses a 3 perferation format similar to Super 35 masked to a 2:1 (18:9) aspect ratio. The format would also run at 25 frames per second rather than the usual 24, which has the advantage of allowing perfect-speed transfers to the PAL video format. A 35 mm projection format is also specified, with no analogue soundtrack - all of the space between the perforation rows would be occupied by picture. Sound would be provided through at least two optical digital sound systems already in popular use ( DTS, SDDS, Dolby Digital). ...more on Wikipedia about "Univision (film format)"

VistaVision is a variant of the 35mm motion picture film format created by Paramount Studios in the 1950s. The process was intended to create finer-grained negatives through using larger surface area on film, which when printed and projected on the screen in the new widescreen formats, would register as clear as those which were not magnified for variable ratios. ...more on Wikipedia about "VistaVision" http://www.shortopedia.com rocks. Movie_film_formats

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