Nucleosynthesis In cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (or primordial nucleosynthesis) refers to the production of nuclei other than H-1, the normal, light hydrogen, during the early phases of the universe, shortly after the Big Bang. It is believed to be responsible for the formation of hydrogen (H-1 or H), its isotope deuterium (H-2 or D), the helium isotopes He-3 and He-4, and the lithium isotope Li-7. ...more on Wikipedia about "Big Bang nucleosynthesis"
Chemical evolution has two meanings and uses. The first refers to the theories of evolution of the chemical elements in the universe following the Big Bang and through nucleosynthesis in stars and supernovas. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chemical evolution"
Cosmic ray spallation is a form of naturally occurring nuclear fission and nucleosynthesis. It refers to the formation of elements from the impact of cosmic rays on an object. Cosmic rays are energetic particles outside of Earth ranging from a stray electron to gamma rays. These cause spallation when a fast moving particle, usually a proton, part of a cosmic ray impacts matter, including other cosmic rays. The result of the collision is the expulsion of large members of nucleons (protons and neutrons) from the object hit. This process goes on not only in deep space, but in our upper atmosphere due to the impact of cosmic rays. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cosmic ray spallation"
Neutron drip line is a concept in particle and nuclear physics. An unstable atomic nucleus beyond the neutron drip line will leak free neutrons. In astronomy, the neutron drip line is important in discussions of nucleosynthesis or neutron stars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Neutron drip line"
Nucleosynthesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from preexisting nucleons (protons and neutrons). The primordial preexisting nucleons were formed from the quark-gluon plasma of the Big Bang as it cooled below ten million degrees. This first process may be called nucleogenesis, the genesis of nucleons in the universe. The subsequent nucleosynthesis of the elements occurs primarily either by nuclear fusion or nuclear fission. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nucleosynthesis"
Stellar nucleosynthesis is the collective term for the nuclear reactions taking place in stars to build the nuclei of the heavier elements. (For other such processes, see nucleosynthesis.) ...more on Wikipedia about "Stellar nucleosynthesis"
Supernova nucleosynthesis refers to the nuclear fusion, or nuclear fission, of matter inside supernovas. ...more on Wikipedia about "Supernova nucleosynthesis"
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