Organic reactions Organic reactions The Aza Diels-Alder reaction converts imines and dienes to tetrahydropyridines. This organic reaction is a modification of the Diels-Alder reaction. The nitrogen atom can be part of the diene or the dienophile. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aza Diels-Alder reaction"
The Aza-Baylis-Hillman reaction or aza-BH reaction in organic chemistry is a variation of the Baylis-Hillman reaction and describes the reaction of a electron deficient alkene usually an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound with an imine in the presence of a nucleophile. The reaction product is an allylic amine. The reaction can be carried out in enantiomeric excess of up to 90% with the aid of bifunctional chiral BINOL and phosphinyl BINOL compounds , for example in the reaction of n-(4-chloro-benzylidene)-benzenesulfonamide with methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) in cyclopentyl methyl ether and toluene at -15°C. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aza-Baylis-Hillman reaction"
The Azide alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition is a Huisgen cycloaddition or 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between an azide and a terminal alkyne to a 1,2,3-triazole. This cycloaddition is considered the cream of the crop of click chemistry. Huisgen was the first to understand the scope of this organic reaction. ...more on Wikipedia about "Azide alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition"
An azo coupling is an organic reaction between a diazonium compound and an aniline or a phenol. The reaction product is an azo compound. In this reaction the diazonium salt is an electrophile and the activated arene a nucleophile in an electrophilic aromatic substitution. Azo couplings are important in the production of dyes such as methyl red. ...more on Wikipedia about "Azo coupling"
The Baeyer-Villiger oxidation is an organic reaction in which a ketone is oxidized to an ester by treatment with peroxy acids or hydrogen peroxide. Key features of the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation are its stereospecificity and predictable regiochemistry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Baeyer-Villiger oxidation"
The Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement is the chemical reaction of 2-acetoxyacetophenones with base to form 1,3-di ketones. This rearrangement reaction proceeds via enolate formation followed by acyl transfer. The Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement is often used to synthesize chromones and flavones. ==References== # Baker, W. J. Chem. Soc. 1933, 1381. ...more on Wikipedia about "Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement"
The Bamberger rearrangement is the chemical reaction of N-phenylhydroxylamines with strong aqueous acid, which will rearrange to give 4-aminophenols. ==Reaction mechanism== The mechanism of the Bamberger rearrangement proceeds from the monoprotonation of N-phenylhydroxylamine 1. N-protonation 2 is favored, but unproductive. O-protonation 3 can form the nitrenium ion 4, which can react with nucleophiles ( H2O) to form the desired 4-aminophenol 5. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bamberger rearrangement"
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The Bamford-Stevens reaction is a chemical reaction whereby treatment of tosylhydrazones with strong base gives alkenes. The usage of aprotic solvents gives predominantly Z- alkenes, while protic solvent gives a mixture of E- and Z-alkenes. The treatment of tosylhydrazones with alkyl lithium reagents is called the Shapiro reaction. ==Reaction mechanism== The first step of the Bamford-Stevens reaction is the formation of the diazo compound 3. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bamford-Stevens reaction"
The Banert cascade is an organic reaction in which an NH-1,2,3-triazole is prepared from a propargyl halide or sulphate and sodium azide in a dioxane- water mixture at elevated temperatures. This cascade reaction is unusual because it consists of two consecutive rearrangement reactions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Banert cascade"
The Barbier reaction is an organic reaction between a alkyl halide and a carbonyl group as an electrophilic substrate in the presence of aluminium, zinc, indium, tin or its salts. The reaction product is a secondary or tertiary alcohol. The reaction is similar to the Grignard reaction but the crucial difference is that the Barbier reaction is a One-pot synthesis whereas a Grignard reagent is prepared separately before addition of the carbonyl compound 1. Barbier reactions are nucleophilic addition reactions that take place with relatively inexpensive and water insensitive metals or metal compounds in contrast to Grignard reagents or organolithium reagents. For this reason it is possible in many cases to run the reaction in water which makes the procedure part of green chemistry. The Barbier reaction is named after Victor Grignard’s teacher Philippe Barbier. ...more on Wikipedia about "Barbier reaction"
The Barton-Kellogg reaction is a coupling reaction between a ketone and a thioketone through a diazo intermediate forming an alkene. ...more on Wikipedia about "Barton-Kellogg reaction"
The Barton-McCombie deoxygenation is a organic reaction in which an hydroxy functional group in an organic compound is replaced by a proton to an alkane . ...more on Wikipedia about "Barton-McCombie deoxygenation"
The Baylis-Hillman reaction is an organic reaction of an aldehyde and an α,β- unsaturated electron-withdrawing group catalyzed by DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) to give an allylic alcohol . This reaction is also known as the the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction or MBH reaction . ...more on Wikipedia about "Baylis-Hillman reaction"
The Beckmann rearrangement, named after the german chemist Ernst Beckmann, is an acid-catalyzed rearrangement of an oxime to an amide. Cyclic oximes yield lactams. ...more on Wikipedia about "Beckmann rearrangement"
The Benzoin condensation is a condensation reaction between two aromatic aldehydes, especially benzaldehyde that is catalyzed by a cyanide. The reaction product is an aromatic α-hydroxyketone with benzoin as the parent compound. The reaction mechanism for this organic reaction was already proposed in 1903 by A. J. Lapworth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Benzoin condensation"
The Bernthsen acridine synthesis is a chemical reaction in which a diarylamine is heated with a carboxylic acid (or carboxylic anhydride) and zinc chloride to form a 9-substituted acridine. ==References== * Bernthsen, A.; Ann. 1878, 192, 1. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bernthsen acridine synthesis"
The Betti reaction is a chemical reaction of aldehydes, primary aromatic amines and phenols producing α-aminobenzylphenols. The Betti reaction is a special case of the Mannich reaction. ==References== * Betti, M. Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1900, 30 II, 301. ...more on Wikipedia about "Betti reaction"
The Biginelli reaction is a multiple-component chemical reaction that creates 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones 4 from ethyl acetoacetate 1, an aryl aldehyde (such as benzaldehyde 2), and urea 3. ...more on Wikipedia about "Biginelli reaction"
The Bingel reaction in organic chemistry is a fullerene cyclopropanation reaction to a methanofullerene first discovered by C. Bingel in 1993 with the bromo derivative of diethyl malonate in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride or DBU . The preferred double bonds for this reaction on the fullerene surface are the shorter bonds at the junctions of two hexagons (6-6 bonds) and the driving force is relief of steric strain. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bingel reaction"
The Birch reduction is the organic reduction of aromatic rings by sodium in liquid ammonia invented by Arthur Birch. The reaction product is a 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The metal can also be lithium or potassium and the hydrogen atoms are supplied by an alcohol such as ethanol or tert-butanol. Sodium in liquid ammonia gives an intense blue color. ...more on Wikipedia about "Birch reduction"
The Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis is a chemical reaction that forms a 2-aryl- indole from a α-bromo- acetophenone and excess aniline. ==Reaction mechanism== For a reaction with such simple starting materials, the reaction mechanism is surprisingly complex. The first two step involve the reaction of the α-bromo-acetophenone with molecules of aniline to form intermediate 4. The charged aniline forms a decent enough leaving group for an electrophilic cyclization to form intermediate 5, which quickly aromatizes and tautomerizes to give the desired indole 7. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis"
The Bischler-Napieralski reaction is a chemical reaction that dehydrates an N-acyl β-arylethyl amines into the corresponding heterocycle. With less nucleophilic the aryl groups, more harsh conditions are required. Indoles react readily upon warming in benzene. Benzene rings require higher temperatures. Phosphorus oxychloride is the most often used dehydrating agent. Phosphorus pentachloride, polyphosphoric acid, and zinc chloride have also proven successful. ==References== * Bischler, A.; Napieralski, B. Ber. 1893, 26, 1891, 1903. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bischler-Napieralski reaction"
The Blaise reaction is a chemical reaction that forms a β-ketoester from the reaction of zinc metal with a α-bromoester and a nitrile. The final intermediate is a metaloimine, which is hydrolyzed to give the desired β-ketoester. Bulky aliphatic esters tend to give higher yeilds. Hannick and Kishi have developed an improved procedure. ==References== # Blaise, E. E.; Compt. Rend. 1901, 132, 478. ...more on Wikipedia about "Blaise reaction"
The Bodroux-Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis is a chemical reaction whereby a Grignard reagent is converted to an aldehyde one carbon longer. Reaction of a Grignard reagent with triethyl orthoformate gives an acetal, which can be hydrolyzed to an aldehyde. ==References== *Bodroux, F.; Compt. Rend. 1904, 138, 92. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bodroux-Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis"
The Bosch reaction is a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide and hydrogen that produces elemental carbon ( graphite), water and heat. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bosch reaction"
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