Petroleum

The 1002 area is a 1,500,000 acre (6,070 km²) area on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge specified by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980. The area is referred to as 1002 because that is the section of the legislation that mandated studies of both its petroleum potential and biological resources. Congressional authorization is required before oil drilling may proceed in the 1002 area. ...more on Wikipedia about "1002 area"

:"The capital fact to note is that petroleum was born in the depths of the earth, and it is only there that we must seek its origin." ( Dmitri Mendeleev, 1877) ...more on Wikipedia about "Abiogenic petroleum origin"

African Petroleum Producers Association, APPA (Association des pays africains producteurs de pétrole in French, Associação de Produtores de Petróleo Africanos in Portuguese and رابطة منتجي النفط الأفريقية in Arabic) is an organisation of african countries producing petroleum. It was founded in 1986. The headquarters of the organisation are in Brazzaville in the Congo. ...more on Wikipedia about "African Petroleum Producers Association"

The American Association of Petroleum Geologists (or AAPG) is currently the world's largest professional geological society with over 30,000 members as of 2004. The AAPG works to advance the science of geology (especially in regard to exploration for and production of petroleum), to promote technology, and to inspire high professional conduct. AAPG was founded in 1917 and is headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Currently almost 1/4 of its members live outside the United States. ...more on Wikipedia about "American Association of Petroleum Geologists"

The American Petroleum Institute, commonly referred to as API, is the main professional organization for the petroleum and chemical industry. API distributes more than 200,000 publications each year. The publications, technical standards, and electronic and online products are designed to help users improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of their operations, comply with legislative and regulatory requirements, and safeguard health, ensure safety, and protect the environment. Each publication is governered by a board of an association of leading industry professionals. The fact that API is run by member engineers instead of independent bureaucrats has given rise to it respect and prominance. ...more on Wikipedia about "American Petroleum Institute"

Anchor handling tug supply (AHTS) vessels supply oil platforms, as well as tow them to location and serve as standby rescue and firefighting vessels. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anchor handling tug supply vessel"

The question of whether or not to allow drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge has been a political football for every sitting American president since Jimmy Carter. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is just east of Prudhoe Bay in Alaska's " North Slope," which is North America's largest oil field. Currently, the Prudhoe bay area accounts for 17% of U.S. domestic oil production. ** Over the years, studies performed by the US Geological Survey have shown that large deposits of crude oil reside within the land designated as the " 1002 area" of ANWR, as well. ** ** ...more on Wikipedia about "Arctic Refuge drilling controversy"

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline (sometimes abbreviated as BTC pipeline) transports crude oil 1,760 km (1,093 miles) from the Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli oil field in the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It passes through Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan; Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia; and Ceyhan, a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey, hence its name. It is the second longest oil pipeline in the world (the longest being the Druzhba pipeline from Russia to central Europe). ...more on Wikipedia about "Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline"

The barrel of oil equivalent (bboe, sometimes BOE) is a unit of energy approximately equal to 5.8 × 10⁶ BTU_{59 °F} or 6.12 × 10⁹ J, based on the approximate energy released by burning one barrel of crude oil. ...more on Wikipedia about "Barrel of oil equivalent"

Basin modelling is the term broadly applied to a group of geological disciplines that can be used to analyse the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins, often but not exclusively to aid evaluation of potential hydrocarbon reserves. ...more on Wikipedia about "Basin modelling"

In reference to petroleum, bbl is an abbreviation for 1 barrel, equal to exactly 42 U.S. gallons, or to approximately 159 liters. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bbl"

Bitumen is a category of organic liquids that are highly viscous, black, sticky and wholly soluble in carbon disulfide. Asphalt and tar are the most common forms of bitumen. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bitumen"

Bonny Light oil is a grade of crude oil produced in the Bonny region of Nigeria. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bonny Light oil"

Bottled gas is a term used for substances which are gasous at Standard temperature and pressure (STP) and have been compressed and stored in steel or composite bottles known as gas cylinders. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bottled gas" Don't hesitate to contact stuff on http://www.shortopedia.com Petroleum

Brent Crude is one of the major classifications of oil consisting of Brent Crude, Brent Sweet Light Crude, Oseberg and Forties. Brent Crude is sourced from the North Sea. ...more on Wikipedia about "Brent Crude"

Bromine Number is the amount of bromine in grams absorbed by 100 grams of sample. This Bromine Number indicates the degree of unsaturation. The Bromine Number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. The ARB, in its Motor Vehicle Fuels Compliance Assistance Program, indicated that every unit of Bromine Number is equivalent to twice the percentage point of olefin content in gasoline. So, a gasoline with Bromine Number 30 would have an olefin content of not more than 15 percent by volume. One refinery compiled a year's worth of data on Bromine Number and the corresponding olefin content of gasoline. The data showed that the Bromine Number of gasoline is about 2.4 times the olefin content. A gasoline with Bromine Number of 30 would then have an olefin content of about 12.5 percent by volume, which is slightly lower than ARB's assumption, but still is higher than the CaRFG maximum limit of 10 percent by volume. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bromine number"

Buckeye Pipe Line, headquartered in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, is one of the primary distributors of petroleum in the eastern and mid-western portions of the United States. Buckeye manages 3800 miles of petroleum pipeline distribution in these areas. ...more on Wikipedia about "Buckeye Pipe Line"

Casing is used in a well completion to contain production fluids and convey them to the surface from an oil reservoir. Casing installation follows the running of conductor pipe during the drilling of a well. ...more on Wikipedia about "Casing (oilfield)"

Catagenesis is a term used in petroleum geology to describe the cracking process which results in the conversion of organic kerogens into hydrocarbons. ...more on Wikipedia about "Catagenesis (geology)"

A catalytic reforming process (also called the UOP Platforming ™ Process) converts a feed stream containing paraffins, Olefinss and naphthenes into aromatics to be used either as a motor fuelblending stock, or as a source for specific aromatic compounds, namely Benzene, Toluene & Xylene for use in petrochemicals production. The product stream of the reformer is generally referred to as a reformate. Reformate produced by this process has very a high octane rating. Significant quantities of hydrogen are also produced as a byproduct. Catalytic reforming is normally facilitated by a bifunctional catalyst that is capable of rearranging and breaking long-chain hydrocarbons as well as removing hydrogen from naphthenes to produce aromatics. This process is different from steam reforming which is also a catalytic process that produces hydrogen as the main product. ...more on Wikipedia about "Catalytic reforming"

Cetane number or CN is to diesel fuel what octane rating is to gasoline. It is a measure of the fuel's combustion quality. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cetane number"

The Chalk Formations of Europe are thick deposits of chalk, a soft porous white limestone, deposited in a marine environment during the upper Cretaceous Period. They appear most prominently in England. The formations are divided into three parts: The Upper Chalk, the Middle Chalk, and the Lower Chalk. The famous White cliffs of Dover, England are a good example of a Chalk Formation deposit. Another good example displaying the sequence of the Chalk Formation are the southern cliffs on the Isle of Wight, England and the quarries and motorway cutting at Blue Bell Hill, Kent, England (which has been classified as a Site of Special Scientific Interest). ...more on Wikipedia about "Chalk formation"

The Chinguetti deposit is a petroleum deposit off the Mauritanian coast, discovered by the Australian firm Woodside Petroleum in 2001. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chinguetti deposit"

In petroleum extraction, a christmas tree is an assembly of valves, spools and fittings for an oil well, named for its resemblance to a decorated tree. ...more on Wikipedia about "Christmas tree (oilfield)"

The term connate fluids in the context of geology, and of sedimentology in particular, refers to the liquids that were trapped in the pores of sedimentary rocks as they were deposited. These liquids are largely composed of water, but also contain many mineral components as ions in solution. ...more on Wikipedia about "Connate fluids"

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