Planets Planets A carbon planet, also referred to as a diamond planet or carbide planet is a theroretical type of terrestrial planet proposed by Marc Kuchner with internal layers of diamond many kilometres thick. The diamond-rich planets could form from the dusty protoplanetary discs found around many stars, if they are rich in carbon and poor in oxygen. That kind of planet would have to develop differently from Earth, Mars and Venus, so-called silicate planets made up mostly of silicon-oxygen compounds. ...more on Wikipedia about "Carbon planet"
A Chthonian planet (sometimes misspelled Cthonian), is a gas giant with its hydrogen and helium atmosphere stripped away due to its closeness to its star. The remaining rocky or metallic core would resemble a terrestrial planet in many respects. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chthonian planet"
While there is much disagreement between current definitions of "planet", most focus on three general criteria: that it must orbit a star, be above a certain size (usually large enough to be rounded by its own gravity), and yet not be large enough to commence nuclear fusion. Each of these criteria has been challenged by various discoveries, outlined below. ...more on Wikipedia about "Definition of planet"
The term double planet is an informal term with several accepted usages which share the meaning of two interacting planets of comparable mass. ...more on Wikipedia about "Double planet"
An Eccentric Jupiter is a Jovian planet that orbits its star in a highly eccentric orbit, much like a comet. Eccentric Jupiters, like Hot Jupiters, are likely to disqualify a planetary system from having earth-like planets in it because a planet as massive as Jupiter can, given sufficient time, throw all planets of earth-like mass out of the system. ...more on Wikipedia about "Eccentric Jupiter"
An equatorial bulge is a planetological term which describes a bulge which a planet may have around its equator, distorting it into an oblate spheroid. The Earth has an equatorial bulge of 42.72 km (26.5 miles) due to the centrifugal force of its rotation. That is, its diameter measured across the equatorial plane (12756.28 km, 7,927 miles) is 42.72 km more than that measured between the poles (12713.56 km, 7,900 miles). Earth's atmosphere is distorted as well, causing low air pressure at the South Pole, which has an atmospheric pressure consistent with an altitude around 3300 to 4000 meters (11,000 feet to 13,000 feet) rather than the actual 2900 m (9,500 feet); this has led to illness among those working at the pole, especially immediately after arrival. Ironically, the pole itself is technically at the center of a high pressure zone due to Hadley circulation. Because of the equatorial bulge, the highest point on Earth, measured from the center outwards, is the peak of Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador, rather than Mount Everest. But since the ocean, like the earth and the atmosphere, bulges, Chimborazo is not as high above sea level as Everest is. ...more on Wikipedia about "Equatorial bulge"
A gas giant is a large planet that is not composed mostly of rock or other solid matter. Gas giants may still have a rocky or metallic core—in fact, it is expected that such a core is probably required for a gas giant to form—but the majority of its mass is in the form of gas (or gas compressed into a liquid state). Unlike rocky planets, gas giants do not have a well-defined surface. Terms like diameter, surface area, volume, surface temperature and surface density may refer to the outermost layer visible from outside, e.g. from the Earth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gas giant" Tell your opinion about www.shortopedia.com
Hot Jupiter (also called roaster or Pegasi planet) is a class of extrasolar planets whose mass is close to or exceeds that of Jupiter (1.9 × 1027 kg), but unlike in our own solar system, where Jupiter orbits at 5 AU, the planets referred to as Hot Jupiters orbit within approximately 0.05 AU of their parent stars. In comparison, a Hot Jupiter is about eight times closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hot Jupiter"
Hypothetical planets are planets that have been suggested as possibly existing (or have been believed to exist), but have never been proven to actually exist. This includes ones that have later been proven not to exist. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hypothetical planet"
Interplanetary space is that part of outer space between planets in a solar system and its local star(s), many of which are binaries. Around any one planet, this space begins in the extended region where any amosphere, magnetic field and moons end, ceding dominance to the local star; in our case, the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Interplanetary space"
An interstellar planet is a hypothetical type of rogue planet that has been ejected from its solar system by a proto- gas giant to become an outcast, drifting in interstellar space. Possibly it formed on its own through gas cloud collapse like a star. ...more on Wikipedia about "Interstellar planet"
(Planemo) The term is a contraction of planetary mass object. ...more on Wikipedia about "Planemo"
A planet is generally considered to be a relatively large mass of accreted matter in orbit around a star that is not a star itself. The name comes from the Greek term πλανήτης, planētēs, meaning "wanderer", as ancient astronomers noted how certain lights moved across the sky in relation to the other stars. Based on historical consensus, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) lists nine planets in our solar system. Since the term "planet" has no precise scientific definition, however, many astronomers contest that figure. Some say it should be lowered to eight by removing Pluto from the list, whilst others claim it should be raised to ten, fifteen, twenty, or even higher. ...more on Wikipedia about "Planet"
Planetars are used in astronomy to represent one of two concepts: ...more on Wikipedia about "Planetar (astronomy)"
The planetary core consists of the innermost layers of a planet. ...more on Wikipedia about "Planetary core"
A planetary system consists of the various non- stellar objects orbiting a star such as planets, moons, asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and cosmic dust. Collectively, one or more stars and their planetary systems form a star system. Our own planetary system, which contains Earth, together with the Sun comprise a unique star system: the solar system. ...more on Wikipedia about "Planetary system"
In cosmogony, planetesimals are objects thought to exist within solar nebulae. Planetesimals are thought to form from the coalescing (due to collisional sticking and gravity) of particles, orbiting within the accretion disc of the solar nebula; an accumulation of planetesimals leads to the formation of a protoplanetary disc, which in turn coalesce into protoplanets or planets. Some use the term to refer, in general, to objects such as asteroids and comets; other, such as Comins use the term to refer, specifically, to objects with diameters of ~10km. ...more on Wikipedia about "Planetesimal"
In cosmogony, a protoplanet is a quasi- planetoid which is slightly larger than a planetesimal and orbits within a solar nebula's protoplanetary discs. Such objects are formed by the accretion of objects such as dust and planetesimals, within the accretion disc of a solar nebula. ...more on Wikipedia about "Protoplanet"
A protoplanetary disc (or proplyd) is an accretion disc surrounding a T Tauri star. They differ from the discs surrounding the primary components of close binary systems in their size and temperature. Protoplantary discs have radii up to 1000 astronomical units and are rather cool. Only their innermost parts reach temperatures above 1000 kelvins. They are very often accompanied by jets. ...more on Wikipedia about "Protoplanetary disc"
Pulsar planets are planets that are found orbiting pulsars. Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars. The first ever planets discovered around another star, were discovered around a millisecond pulsar. Pulsar planets are discovered through pulsar timing measurements, to detect anomalies in the pulsation period. Any bodies orbiting the pulsar will cause regular changes in its pulsation. Since pulsars normally rotate at near-constant speed, any changes can easily be detected with the help of precise timing measurements. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pulsar planet"
A rogue planet is a planet that either has an extremely elongated orbit around its star so that it is not on the same orbital plane as the other planets in the system, or it is an interstellar planet, a planet that drifts freely through space and doesn't orbit a star at all. ...more on Wikipedia about "Rogue planet" http://www.shortopedia.com - now!
Sub-brown dwarfs or brown sub-dwarfs are cold masses smaller than the low-mass cut-off for brown dwarfs. These generally are referred to as planets. However, a sub-brown dwarf is formed in the manner of stars, through the collapse of a gas cloud, and not through accretion or core collapse from a circumstellar disc. The distinction between a sub-brown dwarf and a planet is unclear, astronomers are divided into two camps as whether to consider the formation proces of a planet as part of its division in classification. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sub-brown dwarf"
A supergiant planet is a planet that is more massive than the largest cold mass, but less massive than a brown dwarf. These cold masses (not stars) are smaller in volume than the largest cold mass. All supergiant planets are also superjovian, meaning they are Superjupiters (more massive than Jupiter). Jupiter itself is close to having the mass of the largest cold mass. ...more on Wikipedia about "Supergiant planet"
A superjovian planet is any planet larger than Jupiter. ...more on Wikipedia about "Superjovian"
A Tatooine planet is a planet that orbits more than one star. One example of a Tatooine planet is HD 188753 Ab, which orbits a triple star system in the constellation Cygnus, about 149 light-years from Earth. It was reported that Caltech astronomer Maciej Konacki referred to the new type of planets as "Tatooine planets", due to the similarity with Tatooine, the home planet of Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tatooine planet" The text you are reading is from http://www.shortopedia.com Planets
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