Prehistory Prehistory The Archaic period in southeastern North America lasted from roughly 8000 to 1000 BC, and was followed by the Woodland period. ...more on Wikipedia about "Archaic period in southeastern North America"
The Birnirk culture is an prehistoric Inuit civilization of the north coast of Alaska, dating from 500 to 900 CE and disappearing around 1000 CE. It succeeded the Punuk and Old Bering Sea/Okvik cultures and is distingushed from those cultures due to different art and harpoon styles. It preceded the Thule culture. During the Birnirk culture, sea mammals were hunted. "Open-water pursuit" (using kayaks) was used. ...more on Wikipedia about "Birnirk culture"
The Bronze Age is a period in a civilisation's development when the most advanced metalworking consisted of techniques for smelting copper and tin from naturally occurring outcroppings of ore, and then alloying those metals in order to cast bronze. The bronze age is part of the three-age system for prehistoric societies. In that system, it follows the neolithic in some areas of the world. In most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, the neolithic is directly followed by the ' iron age'. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bronze Age"
In Galicia and Northern Portugal a castro is fortified pre- Roman Iron Age Celtic village, usually located in a hill or some natural easy defendable place. ...more on Wikipedia about "Castro (village)"
A caveman is a popular stylized characterization of what early humans or hominids may have looked and behaved like. The term is sometimes used colloquially to refer to Neanderthals or to Homo sapiens of the Palaeolithic era, although popular descriptions of cavemen are usually highly inaccurate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caveman"
The Chavín were an early civilization that existed in what is now the country of Peru. This Early Horizon civilization is believed to have developed around 900 BCE and died out around 200 BCE. The Chavíns laid the cultural foundation for the other Peruvian civilizations to come. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chavín culture"
Thule people depended largely on whaling not only for food but also for building materials and artifacts. Most of the groups lived in Semi-Subterranean houses built of Stone, sod, and whale bones. ...more on Wikipedia about "Classic Thule"
The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Native American culture that first appears in the archaeological record of North America around 13,500 years ago, at the end of the last ice age. ...more on Wikipedia about "Clovis culture"
The Dalton Tradition is a Late Paleo-Indian and Early Archaic projectile point tradition. These points appeared in most of Southeast North America around 8500-7900 BC. "They are distinctive artifacts, having concave bases with "ears" that sometimes flare outward (Fagan 2005)." ' These tools not only served as points but also as saws and knives. They were often changed in form and function because the hunters would sharpen the points over and over and would eventually turn them into knives then chisels or scrapers. A variant on the Dalton point is the Hardaway point of North Carolina. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dalton Tradition"
Domestication is a natural phenomenon whereby a wild biological organism is habituated to survive in the company of human beings. Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective behavior, life cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations. Humans have brought these populations under their care for a wide range of reasons: for help with various types of work, to produce food or valuable commodities (such as wool, cotton, or silk), and to enjoy as pets or ornamental plants. ...more on Wikipedia about "Domestication"
The Dorset culture preceded the Inuit culture in Arctic North America. Inuit legends mention the Tuniit (singular Tuniq) or Sivullirmiut ("First Inhabitants"), who were driven away by the Inuit. According to legend, they were "giants", people who were taller and stronger than the Inuit, but who were easily scared off and retreated from the advancing Inuit. They were credited with a faultless understanding of their local environment (which they may have shared with the newly-arrived Inuit) but with inferior technologies. The Dorset did lack dogsleds, sophisticated boats and toggled harpoons and therefore may have adapted poorly to the newly harsh weather of the late first- and early second millennium. ...more on Wikipedia about "Dorset culture"
The Folsom Tradition is a name given by archaeologists to a sequence of Paleo-Indian archaeological cultures of central North America. Named by Jesse Figgins in 1927. ...more on Wikipedia about "Folsom tradition"
The Fremont culture or Fremont people, named by Noel Morss of Harvard's Peabody Museum after the Fremont River in Utah, is an archaeological culture that inhabited what is now Utah and parts of eastern Nevada, southern Idaho, southern Wyoming, and eastern Colorado between about 400 and 1300 AD. ...more on Wikipedia about "Fremont culture"
Hohokam is the name of one of the four major prehistoric archaeological traditions of the American Southwest. Variant spellings in current, official usage include Huhugam and Huhukam. The culture was differentiated from others in the region in the 1930s by archaeologist Harold S. Gladwin, who applied the existing O'odham term, to classify the remains he was excavating in the Lower Gila Valley. ...more on Wikipedia about "Hohokam"
The Nazca culture flourished in the Nazca region between 300 BCE and 800 CE. They created the famous Nazca lines and built an impressive system of underground aqueducts that still function today. Near the aqueducts open to tourists, there is a overlook point which includes an Inca building added after the Inca conquest of the area. On the pampa, on which the Nazca lines were made, the ceremonial city of Cahuachi (1-500 CE) sits overlooking the lines. Modern knowledge about the culture of the Nazca is built upon studying the city of Cahuachi. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ica-Nazca culture"
In archaeology, the Iron Age is the stage in the development of any people where the use of iron implements as tools and weapons is prominent. The adoption of this new material coincided with other changes in past societies often including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles. ...more on Wikipedia about "Iron Age"
Lapita is the common name of an ancient Pacific Ocean culture which is believed by some to be the common ancestor of several cultures in Polynesia and surrounding areas. The type site in New Caledonia was discovered in 1952. The word 'Lapita' itself is not a place name. A word in a local New Caledonian language, 'xaapeta', meaning 'dig a hole', was misheard as, and became, 'lapita'. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lapita"
Lauricocha Culture is a sequence of preceramic cultural periods in Peru's history, spanning about 5,000 years from circa 8,000 to 2,500 BCE. ...more on Wikipedia about "Lauricocha Culture"
Mitchell's Fold (sometimes called Medgel's Fold) is a stone circle in South-West Shropshire, located on Stapeley Hill, near the village of Priestweston. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mitchell's Fold"
The Moche civilization (aka the Mochica culture, Early Chimu, Pre-Chimu, Proto-Chimu, etc.) flourished in northern Peru from about 200 CE to 700 CE. Today it is understood that they were not politically the same people as the Chimú, and some believe this was not even an empire but rather a group of communities that shared a common iconography and technology. Years as expansive as 300 BCE to 1000 CE are sometimes described as the era of the Moche. They are noted for the elaborate painted ceramics and pottery, gold work, and irrigation systems. Moche history is broadly categorized into five periods based on the increasing complexity of pottery decoration. Many Moche ceramic pieces, including their highly detailed erotic pottery, can be found at the Museo de la Nacion and the Museo Larco Herrera, both in Lima. ...more on Wikipedia about "Moche"
Monte Verde is an archaeological site in south-central Chile, which is suspected to date back about 14,000 years, making it one of the earliest inhabited sites in the Americas. It puts into question the date at which humans began colonising the Americas, putting the accepted date back about 1000 years. ...more on Wikipedia about "Monte Verde"
The Mumun Pottery Period (Hanja: 無文土器時代, Hangeul: 무문토기시대 Mumun togi sidae) is an archaeological era in Korean prehistory that dates to approximately 1500-300 B.C. (Ahn 2000; Bale 2001; Crawford and Lee 2003). It is named after the undecorated or plain cooking and storage vessels that form a large part of the pottery assemblage consistently over the above period, especially 850-550 B.C. The Mumun Period is significant for the origins of intensive agriculture and complex societies in both the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese Archipelago (Bale 2001; Crawford and Lee 2003). This period or parts of it have sometimes been labelled as the "Korean Bronze Age", but since bronze production and artifacts are rare and the distribution of bronze is highly regionalized until the latter part of the 7th century B.C., such periodization terminology is problematic (Kim 1996; Lee 2001). A boom in the archaeological excavations of Mumun Period sites since the mid-1990s has recently increased our knowledge about this important formative period in the prehistory of Northeast Asia. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mumun Pottery Period"
Oneota is a designation archaeologists use to refer to a cultural complex that existed in the eastern plains and Great Lakes area of what is now the United States from around A.D. 900 to around 1650 or 1700. The culture is believed to have transitioned into various Macro-Siouan cultures of the proto-historic and historic times such as Ioway. A long-accepted ancestry to the Ho-chunk has yet to be conclusively demonstrated. ...more on Wikipedia about "Oneota"
The Paleo-Arctic Tradition is the name given by archaeologists to the cultural tradition of the earliest well-documented human occupants of the North American Arctic, which date from the period 8000–5000 BC. The tradition covers Alaska and expands far into the east, west, and the Southwest Yukon Territory. ...more on Wikipedia about "Paleo-Arctic Tradition"
The Pazyryk culture (ca. 5th century BC) refers to an archaeological culture identified by excavated artefacts and mummified humans in the Siberian permafrost. The mummies are buried in long barrows (or " kurgans") similar to the tomb mounds of western Scythian culture in modern Ukraine. Archaeologists associate the sites with the widespread Scythian culture of the steppe, an association that is resisted by the modern Mongol inhabitants of the region near Pazyryk in the Altai, where the first remains were found. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pazyryk culture"
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