Psychological schools Psychological schools Adlerian is an umbrella term that encompasses a diversity of approaches to psychology and psychotherapy generally related to the ideas of Alfred Adler. ...more on Wikipedia about "Adlerian"
Analytical psychology is part of the Jungian psychology movement started by Carl Jung and his followers. It is distinct from Freudian psychoanalysis. Its aim is the personal experience of the deep forces and motivations underlying human behavior. Depth psychology, Archetypal psychology are related. ...more on Wikipedia about "Analytical psychology"
Archetypal psychology was developed by James Hillman in the second half of the 20th century. It is in the Jungian tradition and most directly related to Analytical psychology, yet departs radically, Archetypal psychology relativizes and deliteralizes the ego and focuses on the psyche, or soul, itself and the archai, the deepest patterns of psychic functioning, "the fundamental fantasies that animate all life" (Moore, in Hillman, 1991). Archetypal psychology is a polytheistic psychology, in that it attempts to recognize the myriad fantasies and myths- gods, goddesses, demigods, mortals and animals- that shape and are shaped by our psychological lives. The ego is but one psychological fantasy within an assemblage of fantasies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Archetypal psychology"
Classical Adlerian individual psychotherapy, brief therapy, couple therapy, and family therapy follow parallel paths. Clients are encouraged to overcome their feelings of insecurity, develop deeper feelings of connectedness, and to redirect their striving for significance into more socially beneficial directions. Through a respectful Socratic dialogue, they are challenged to correct mistaken assumptions, attitudes, behaviors and feelings about themselves and the world. Constant encouragement stimulates clients to attempt what was previously felt as impossible. The growth of confidence, pride, and gratification leads to a greater desire and ability to cooperate. The objective of Classical Adlerian psychotherapy is to replace exaggerated self-protection, self-enhancement, and self-indulgence with courageous social contribution. ...more on Wikipedia about "Classical Adlerian Psychotherapy"
In psychology, cognitivism is a theoretical approach to understanding the mind, which argues that mental function can be understood by quantitative, positivist and scientific methods, and that such functions can be described as information processing models. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cognitivism (psychology)"
Depth psychology is a broad term that refers to any psychological approach examining the depth (the hidden or deeper parts) of human experience. It is a applied in psychoanalysis. ...more on Wikipedia about "Depth psychology"
Discursive cognition is a school of psychology developed in the 1990s by Jonathan Potter and Derek Edwards at the University of Loughborough. It is based on the philosophy of language of Wittgenstein, and the conversation analysis of Harvey Sacks. Discursive psychologists tend to make very detailed studies of the 'real world' use of language, in an attempt to see how language functions as a social process. It is philosophically opposed to more traditional cognitivist approaches to language. ...more on Wikipedia about "Discursive cognition"
Discursive psychology is a school of psychology developed in the 1990s by Jonathan Potter and Derek Edwards at Loughborough University. It draws on the philosophy of language of the later Wittgenstein, the rhetorical approach of Michael Billig, and the conversation analysis of Harvey Sacks. Discursive psychological studies highlight the way people construct versions of 'mental', 'social' and 'material' events and processes as parts of particular practices. ...more on Wikipedia about "Discursive psychology"
Gestalt psychology (also Gestalt theory of the Berlin School) is a theory of mind and brain that proposes that the operational principle of the brain is holistic, parallel, and analog, with self-organizing tendencies. The classic Gestalt example is a soap bubble, whose spherical shape (its Gestalt) is not defined by a rigid template, or a mathematical formula, but rather it emerges spontaneously by the ...more on Wikipedia about "Gestalt psychology"
Humanistic psychology is a school of psychology that emerged in the 1950s in reaction to both behaviorism and psychoanalysis. It is explicitly concerned with the human dimension of psychology and the human context for the development of psychological theory. These matters are often summarized by the five postulates of Humanistic Psychology given by Bugental in the 1960's, mainly that; (1) Human beings cannot be reduced to components,(2) Human beings have in them a uniquely human context, (3) Human consciousness includes an awareness of oneself in the context of other people, (4) Human beings have choices and responsibilities, and (5) Human beings are intentional, they seek meaning value and creativity (Bugental, 1964). ...more on Wikipedia about "Humanistic psychology"
The humor theory or humour theory was a theory of the makeup and workings of the human body adopted by ancient Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers. From Hippocrates onward, the humor theory was the most commonly held view of the human body until the nineteeth century and the understanding of the circulation of blood. ...more on Wikipedia about "Humor theory"
Jungian psychology is a theory developed by Carl Jung, and is central to Analytical psychology (the "Neopsychoanalytic school"). Jungian psychology is geared largely toward the nature of symbolism and the effects of attachment upon the ability of people to live their lives in ignorance of their deeper "symbolic" natures. His ideas center on the understanding that a symbol loses its symbolic power when it is "attached" to a static meaning. The attached and therefore static meaning renders an amorphous symbol (like the sphere or the ourobouros) to a mere definition; no longer does it have the ability to be active in the mind as a "transformer of consciousness," free to associate with new experiences and thinking. "Symbolic power" transcends and permeates through all conscious thinking. ...more on Wikipedia about "Jungian psychology"
The psychological schools are the great classical theories of psychology. Each has been highly influential, however most psychologists hold eclectic viewpoints that combine aspects of each school. ...more on Wikipedia about "List of psychological schools"
Developed by neurologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl, Logotherapy is considered the "third Viennese school of psychotherapy" after Freud's psychoanalysis and Adler's individual psychology. It is a type of Existential Analysis that focuses on a " will to meaning" as opposed to Adler's Nietzschian doctrine of " will to power" or Freud's of " will to pleasure". ...more on Wikipedia about "Logotherapy"
Positive psychology is a term coined by Abraham Maslow and adopted by psychologist Martin E.P. Seligman, and a movement in psychology which emphasizes what is right with people rather than what is wrong with them. ...more on Wikipedia about "Positive psychology"
(Postcognitivism) Psychological movements are considered to be post-cognitivist if they are opposed or move beyond the cognitivist theories posited by Noam Chomsky, Jerry Fodor, and others. ...more on Wikipedia about "Postcognitivism"
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