Quark matter

color-flavor-locked phase. But at the densities that ...more on Wikipedia about "Color superconductivity"

Confinement is the physics phenomenon that quarks cannot be isolated. The color-charged quarks are confined with other quarks by the strong interaction to form pairs or triplets so that the net color is neutral. The force between quarks increases as the distance between them increases, so no quarks can be found individually. ...more on Wikipedia about "Confinement"

Deconfinement in quantum chromodynamics refers to a phase of matter in which quarks and gluons are free to move over distances larger than a femtometer (which is the size of a hadron). This phase is also called the quark-gluon plasma. ...more on Wikipedia about "Deconfinement"

A chiral condensate (also called fermion condensate or quark condensate) is an order parameter for chiral symmetry breaking in a theory ...more on Wikipedia about "Fermion condensate"

Flavour (or flavor) is a quantum number of elementary particles related to their weak interactions. In the electroweak theory this symmetry is gauged, and flavour changing processes exist. In quantum chromodynamics, on the other hand, flavour is a global symmetry. ...more on Wikipedia about "Flavour (particle physics)"

In Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the gluon condensate is a non-perturbative property of the QCD vacuum which could be partly responsible for giving masses to certain hadrons. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gluon condensate"

Quark matter refers to any of a number of phases of matter built out of quarks and gluons. These constituents of quark matter carry colour charges and interact through Quantum chromodynamics. The scale of this theory, ΛQCD is of the order of a few hundred MeV (ie, about 10^{12} K). In this article low temperature (or chemical potential) will mean energies lower than this. ...more on Wikipedia about "QCD matter"

The QCD vacuum is the vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is an example of a non-perturbative vacuum state, characterized by many non-vanishing condensates such as the gluon condensate or the quark condensate. These condensates characterize the normal phase or the confined phase of quark matter. ...more on Wikipedia about "QCD vacuum"

A quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a phase of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which exists at extremely high temperature and density. It is believed to have existed during the first 20 or 30 microseconds after the universe came into existence in the Big Bang. Experiments at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron ...more on Wikipedia about "Quark-gluon plasma"

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC, pronounced 'Rick') is a heavy- ion collider located at and operated by Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York. It is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science , Office of Nuclear Physics. The RHIC project had a line-item budget of 616.6 million US dollars. The fiscal year 2005 operational budget is 106 million US dollars. The total investment by 2005 is approximately 1.1 billion US dollars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider"

Strange matter is an ultra-dense phase of matter that is theorized to form inside particularly massive neutron stars. It is theorized that when the neutronium which makes up a neutron star is put under sufficient pressure due to the star's gravity, the individual neutrons break down and their constituent quarks form strange matter. The star then becomes known as a " strange star" or "quark star". Strange matter is composed of strange quarks bound to each other directly, in a similar manner to how neutronium is composed of neutrons; a strange star is essentially a single gigantic nucleon. (Normal matter is composed of "up" and "down" quarks only.) A strange star lies between neutron stars and black holes in terms of both mass and density, and if sufficient additional matter is added to a strange star it will collapse into a black hole as well. ...more on Wikipedia about "Strange matter"

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