Repetitive DNA sequences Repetitive DNA sequences An Alu sequence is a short stretch of DNA characterized by the action of the Alu restriction endonuclease. Alu sequences of different kinds occur in large numbers in primate genomes. In fact, Alu sequences are the most abundant mobile elements in the human genome. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alu sequence"
In shotgun DNA sequencing projects, a contig (from contiguous) is ...more on Wikipedia about "Contig"
CRISPR are direct repeats found in the DNA of many bacteria and archaea. The name is an acronym for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. These repeats range in size from 24 to 48 base pairs. They are separated by spacers of similar length. Spacers are usually unique in a genome. Some spacer sequences match sequences in phage genomes; it is proposed that these spacers derive from phage and subsequently help protect the cell from infection. The CRISPR repeat array evolves rapidly. Different strains of the same species of bacterium often can be differentiated according to differences in the spacers in their CRISPR arrays, a technique called spoligotyping. ...more on Wikipedia about "CRISPR"
An inverted repeat is a sequence of nucleotides that is the reversed complement of another sequence further downstream. For example, 5'---GACTGC....GCAGTC---3'. When no nucleotides intervene between the sequence and its downstream complement, it is called a palindrome. Inverted repeats define the boundaries in transposons. Also compare with direct repeats. ...more on Wikipedia about "Inverted repeat"
A microsatellite is a short block of DNA sequence (a Tandemly Repetitive DNA sequence), often less than 150 base pairs long, that is repeated many times within the genome of an organism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Microsatellite"
(Minisatellite) :This article is about the DNA sequence. See also miniaturized satellite for the size class of orbiting spacecraft ...more on Wikipedia about "Minisatellite"
In the study of DNA sequences, one can distinguish two main types of repeated sequence: ...more on Wikipedia about "Repeated sequence (DNA)"
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Satellite DNA consists of highly repetitive DNA, and is so called because repetitive DNA sequences tend to have a relatively high frequency of the nucleotides Adenine and Thymine, and thus have lower density - such that they form a second 'satellite' band when genomic DNA is separated along a density gradient. ...more on Wikipedia about "Satellite DNA"
A short tandem repeat (STR) in DNA occurs when a pattern of two or more nucleotides is repeated and the repetitions are directly adjacent to each other. The pattern can be of length from 2 to 10 base pairs (bp) (for example (CA)n(TG)n in a genomics region) and the total size must be lower than 100 bp. ...more on Wikipedia about "Short tandem repeat"
An STR multiplex system is used to quickly identify specific short tandem repeats. STR polymorphisms are genetic markers that may be used to geneticially identify a DNA sequence. The FBI uses 13 specific STR loci in their database. ...more on Wikipedia about "STR multiplex systems"
Tandem repeats and variable number tandem repeats in DNA occur when a pattern of two or more nucleotides is repeated and the repetitions are directly adjacent to each other. ...more on Wikipedia about "Tandem repeat"
A telomere is a region of highly repetitive DNA at the end of a chromosome that functions as a disposable buffer. Every time linear eukaryotic chromosomes are replicated, the DNA polymerase complex is incapable of replicating all the way to the end of the chromosome; if it were not for telomeres, this would quickly result in the loss of useful genetic information. In most prokaryotes, chromosomes are circular and thus do not have ends to suffer premature replication termination. A small fraction of bacterial chromosomes (such as those in Streptomyces and Borrelia) are linear and possess telomeres, which are very different from those of the eukaryotic chromosomes in structure and functions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Telomere"
A variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) is a short nucleotide sequences ranging from 14 to 100 nucleotides long that is organized into clusters of tandem repeats, usually repeated in the range of between 4 and 40 times per occurrence. Clusters of such repeats are scattered on many chromosomes. Each variant is an allele and they are inherited codominantly. ...more on Wikipedia about "Variable number tandem repeat"
A Y-STR is a short tandem repeat (STR) on the Y chromosome. Y-STRs are often deignated by DYS numbers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Y-STR" You've Got Questions. We've Got shortopedia.
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