Sculpture techniques Sculpture techniques Alto-relievo are figures carved out of a tablet that project at least one half of cross-section from the tablet's surface. In the illustration at right, the wall is a simple re-inforcement, with no detail, but frequently the vertical ...more on Wikipedia about "Alto-relievo"
Bas-relief is a method of sculpting which entails carving or etching away the surface of a flat piece of stone or metal. The word is derived from the Italian "basso rilievo" the literal translation meaning raised contrast. To explain simply it is a sculpture portrayed as a picture. The portrayed image is raised above the background flat surface. For example, if a stone slab is two inches thick before sculpting begins, then the non-image (background) area might be, say, one inch thick when the art work is done, and the image area will vary between one inch to two inches, depending on the final image. That would be considered to be "low relief" within the context of Bas-Relief. In a few major works of art, the actual human figure may have "near natural" depth, but still,the background is greatly flattened, and is only a few inches behind the rounded figures. This might be characterized as "high bas-relief". The advantage of the natural contour of the figures, allows the work to be viewed from many angles without distortion of the figures themselves, but the the background depth is only suggested. There is a continuum of the bas relief technique into the next catagory, alto-relievo, or high relief. This technique combines the rounded figures with significantly deeper backgrounds. Instead of the backgrounds being a few inched deep, they may be a foot to several feet deep. To qualify as relief, of either kind, the sculpture figures must float out from the background. A good rule of thumb, to classify a work, might be that the "bas" technique always has less depth behind the faces or figures than the actual faces or figures would have, when measured. In "alto" technique, the depth behind the figures may equal or exceed the depth of the faces or figures, which are usually natural in depth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Bas-relief"
A caricature carving is a humorous wood carving that exaggerates or distorts the basic essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness. ...more on Wikipedia about "Caricature carving"
Casting is a process by which a material is introduced into a mold while it is liquid, allowed to solidify in the shape inside the mold, and then removed producing a fabricated object, part, or casing. Casting is often used for creating one or more copies of an original piece of sculptural (three-dimensional) artwork. It is also used extensively in the automobile manufacture industry, such as the casting of engine blocks or cylinder heads, or vacuum-forming of plastics and in the lost core process. The process, particularly when performed with molten metals, is also called founding. ...more on Wikipedia about "Casting"
Chip carving is a style of wood carving in which knives are used to remove small chips of wood from the project surface in a single piece. Chip carvings have two planes: the wood surface, and the point beneath the surface where the cuts intersect. Patterns can be free form style or based on geometric figures. The projects are created primarily using a chip carving knife. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chip carving"
Contrapposto is an Italian word for counterpoise referring to an analytical sculptural technique in which the artist illustrates the natural counterbalance of the body through the bending of the hips in one direction and the legs in another direction. The weight is balanced on one foot. The term was first coined during the Italian Renaissance. ...more on Wikipedia about "Contrapposto"
Detonography is an art form for creating sculptures using explosives, usually plastic explosives. The art form was originally created by Evelyn Rosenberg in 1985. ...more on Wikipedia about "Detonography" Please tell your friends about shortopedia
(Encarnación (sculpting)) A sculpting technique employed by the Spanish artist Martines Montañés in the 17th century ( Baroque Period). It is used to create life-like sculptures, hence the name (which translates to English as incarnation), which after carving and drying for 6 months are painted, varnished and sanded. These steps are repeated several times until a life-like glow is achieved. ...more on Wikipedia about "Encarnación (sculpting)"
(History of Wood carving) ==Introduction== ...more on Wikipedia about "History of Wood carving"
Description and reproduction of Imago clipeata at the Forum of Augustus on the Athenian Acropolis ...more on Wikipedia about "Imago clipeata"
Ironwork is any weapon, artwork, utensil or architectural feature made of iron especially used for decoration. There are two main types of ironwork wrought iron and cast iron. While the use of iron dates back as 4000BC, it was the Hittites who first knew how to extract it and develop weapons. Use of iron was mainly utilitarian until the Middle Ages, it became widely used for decoration in the period between the 16th and 19th century. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ironwork"
Ivory carving is the process whereby ivory is ornamented with any design, by means of sharp cutting tools, either mechanically or manually. It has existed since prehistoric times with many being ancient artifacts revealing information about the use of tools during that time period. The ivory figure of Khufu, for the builder of the Great Pyramid, is considered a masterpiece. Ivory carvings have been discovered in the tombs of ancient Chinese rulers. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ivory carving"
Metal clay, a clay-like medium used to make jewelry and small sculpture, consists of very small particles of precious metals (such as silver, gold or platinum) mixed with an organic binder and water. Once the clay is worked, then dried, it is fired in a kiln or with a hand-held torch. The binder burns away, leaving just the precious metal, and the object is 8 to 20% smaller because the binder has been removed. ...more on Wikipedia about "Metal clay"
In the art of sculpture, a relief is an artwork where a modeled form projects out of a flat background. Tensed musculature itself may be seen to be in relief. Depending on the depth involved, it may be termed a bas relief ("low relief") – as seen in numismatics – or it may be a high relief, with much undercutting, rendered almost in the round against its flat background. ...more on Wikipedia about "Relief"
The process for relief carving is usually as follows. The carver first fixes the wood to his workbench by means of a carvers screw or clamp. The carver then sketches on the main lines of his idea, indicating the flowers, foliage, or other subject. If the design be very intricate or of a geometrical character, he may trace the design from a pattern first prepared on paper. ...more on Wikipedia about "Relief carving"
A sand castle is a type of sand sculpture which resembles a miniature building, often (but not always) a castle. The two basic building ingredients, sand and water, are available in abundance on a sandy beach and so most sand play occurs there, or in a sandpit. ...more on Wikipedia about "Sand art and play"
(Scandinavian flat-plane style of woodcarving) ==Methodology== ...more on Wikipedia about "Scandinavian flat-plane style of woodcarving"
Spin casting is a process by which molds are used to make hollow figures, rather than filled to make solid ones. This can be done with many different media, from bronze to chocolate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Spin casting"
Whittling is the art of carving shapes out of raw wood with a pocket knife, as in the whittling of a toy boat. It is a tradition that has been practiced worldwide for centuries. ...more on Wikipedia about "Whittling"
Wood carving is the process whereby wood is ornamented with any design, by means of sharp cutting tools held in the hand. The term can also be used to refer to the finished product, from individual sculptures, to hand-worked mouldings composing part of a tracery. ...more on Wikipedia about "Wood carving"
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