Social philosophy Social philosophy The 'I' and the 'me' are terms central to the social philosophy of George Herbert Mead, one of the biggest influences on the development of the branch of sociology called symbolic-interactionism. The terms refer to the psychology of the person. ...more on Wikipedia about "'I' and the 'me'"
Accountability has several meanings. It is often used synonymously with such concepts as answerability, responsibility, blameworthiness, liability and other terms associated with the expectation of account-giving. As an aspect of governance, it has been central to discussions related to problems in both the public and private ( corporation) worlds. As important has been its centrality to the study of ethics. ...more on Wikipedia about "Accountability"
Aesthetics (also esthetics and æsthetics) is the subfield of philosophy concerning beauty and art. ...more on Wikipedia about "Aesthetics"
Aggression is defined as ...more on Wikipedia about "Aggression"
Al-Khidr ( Arabic: الخضر) or "the Green Man" has a disputed status amongst scholars; some say he's a Saint while others say he's a Prophet in Islam. He is assumed to be referred to in Qur'an sura Al-Kahf (18:66), in an encounter with Moses, where Moses, the Biblical prophet, meets him and asks Al-Khidr to allow him to accompany him so Moses can learn from Al-Khidr's knowledge. Al-Khidr, realizing that Moses had the Torah and divine knowledge to draw upon, informed him in a stern manner that their knowledge is of different nature and that Moses wouldn't bear to observe him without asking questions. Moses promised to be patient and they agreed to travel together. ...more on Wikipedia about "Al-Khidr"
Alienation is estrangement or splitting apart. The term has specialized meanings in a variety of disciplines. ...more on Wikipedia about "Alienation"
Altruism is alternately a belief, a practice, a habit, or an ethical doctrine. Many cultures and religious traditions judge altruism to be virtuous. In Buddhism it is considered a fundamental property of human nature. ...more on Wikipedia about "Altruism" Tell your opinion about www.shortopedia.com
Anarchism derives from the Greek αναρχία ("without archons (ruler, chief, king)"). Thus anarchism, in its most general meaning, is the belief that rulers are unnecessary and should be abolished. Anarchism refers to various political philosophies and related social movements that advocate the elimination of authoritarian institutions, particularly the state. Most anarchists also oppose capitalism, though some theorists have espoused anarcho-capitalism. In place of authoritarian political structures and coercive economic institutions, anarchists advocate social relations they claim to be based upon voluntary association of autonomous individuals, mutual aid, and self-governance. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anarchism"
(Anarchism/historical) Anarchism is a generic term describing various political philosophies and social movements that advocate the elimination of all forms of social hierarchy. In place of centralized political structures, private ownership of the means of production, and exploitative economic institutions such as rent and profit, these movements favor social relations based upon voluntary interaction and self-management, and aspire to a society characterised by autonomy and freedom. These philosophies use anarchy to mean a society based on voluntary interaction of free individuals, and the idea that communities and individuals have a say in decisions to the degree that they are affected by their outcomes. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anarchism/historical"
Anarcho-primitivism is an anarchist critique of the origins and progress of civilization. Primitivists argue that the shift from hunter-gatherer to agricultural subsistence gave rise to social stratification, coercion, and alienation. They advocate a return to non-"civilized" ways of life through deindustrialisation, abolition of division of labour or specialization, and abandonment of technology. There are however numerous other non-anarchist forms of primitivism, and not all primitivists point to the same phenomenon as the source of modern, civilized problems. Some, like Theodore Kaczynski, see only the Industrial Revolution as the problem, others point to various developments in history such as monotheism, writing, patriarchy, the use of metal tools, etc. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anarcho-primitivism"
Anomie, in contemporary English, means a condition or malaise in individuals, characterized by an absence or diminution of standards or values. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anomie"
Anti-elitism is a term used to describe attitudes of disregard, resentment, or in extreme cases hate for those in power. Anti-elitists would often describe the government, corporations or ruling class as either corrupt or ignoring the needs of the people. They often seek either to replace wealthy or priveleged members of society, or even to eliminate excess wealth or privilege altogether. Anti-elitism is a common theme throughout history, from socio-politics to literary contributions and philosophies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Anti-elitism"
Antimilitarism is a doctrine commonly found in the anarchist and socialist movement, which may be both characterized as internationalist movements. It relies heavily on a critical theory of imperialism and nation-states, and was officially found in the First and Second International. Whereas pacifism is opposition to war in general, a doctrine historically associated with faith in a transcendent principle, such as " God" or " the Humanity", antimilitarism is an atheistic doctrine based on the critical analyze of the military state institution and the concept of nation-states' sovereignty. Gandhi, for example, justified his pacifism by an idea of redemption, and Martin Luther King by his faith, whereas antimilitarism is often connected to anti-statism, as military power is an essential attribute of the modern nation-state's sovereignty. Followers of this doctrine oppose militarism in general: wars between states and the existence of armies, not necessarily violence in itself. Therefore, antimilitarism shouldn't be mistaken with the doctrine of civilian control of the military, which is more interested in achieving a political (or civilian) control on the military institution when it comes to a country's strategic decision-making than to stop inter-state wars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antimilitarism"
Antonio Negri ( 1933- ) is a moral and political philosopher from Italy. Negri is perhaps most well-known for his co-authorship of Empire and his work on Spinoza. Born in Padua, he became a political philosophy professor in his hometown university. Negri founded Potere Operaio (Worker Power) group in 1969 and was a leading member of the Autonomia Marxist group. Accused in the early 1980s of being the mastermind behind the May 1978 assassination of Aldo Moro, leader of Christian-Democrat Party, Negri was later cleared of any links with the Red Brigades who had carried out Moro's kidnapping. Negri went into exile in France and taught at the Université de Vincennes (Paris-VIII) and the Collège International de Philosophie, along with Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. In 1997, he voluntarily returned to Italy to serve the end of his sentence. He now divides his time between Rome, Venice and Paris. ...more on Wikipedia about "Antonio Negri" shortopedia , this is it!
Asian values was a concept that came into vogue in the 1990s, predicated on the belief in the existence in Asian countries of a unique set of institutions and political ideologies which reflected the region's culture and history. ...more on Wikipedia about "Asian values"
Attitude is a key concept in psychology. Attitudes are positive or negative views of an "attitude object": i.e., a person, behaviour, or event. People can also be "ambivalent" towards a target, meaning that they simultaneously possess a positive and a negative attitude. ...more on Wikipedia about "Attitude (psychology)"
(Authoritarianism) The term authoritarian is used to describe an organization or a state which enforces strong and sometimes oppressive measures against those in its sphere of influence, generally without attempts at gaining their consent and often not allowing feedback on its policies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Authoritarianism"
Avant-garde in French means front guard, advance guard, or vanguard. People often use the term to refer to people or works that are novel or experimental, particularly with respect to art, culture and politics. ...more on Wikipedia about "Avant-garde"
Avant-Garde and Kitsch is the title of a 1939 essay by Clement Greenberg in which he claimed that avant-garde and modernist art was a means to resist the ' dumbing down' of culture caused by consumerism. Greenberg termed this ' kitsch', a word that his essay popularised. ...more on Wikipedia about "Avant-Garde and Kitsch"
Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures, instead of, or as a complement to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. In turn, it is one category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of human communication that are not language. ...more on Wikipedia about "Body language"
In common usage, the word capitalism means an economic system in which the means of production are overwhelmingly privately owned and operated for profit, with privately determined investment of capital, and where production, distribution, and the prices of goods, services, and labor are affected by the forces of supply and demand in a largely free market. ...more on Wikipedia about "Capitalism"
Claude Lévi-Strauss ( pronounced | ) (born November 28, 1908) is a French anthropologist who became one of the twentieth century's greatest intellectuals by developing structuralism as a method of understanding human society and culture. ...more on Wikipedia about "Claude Lévi-Strauss"
Coercion is the practice of compelling a person to act by employing threat of harm (e.g., by physical force). Often, it involves inflicting some actual harm in order to make the threat credible, but it is the threat of (further) harm which brings about cooperation of the person being coerced. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coercion"
Collective memory is a term coined by Maurice Halbwachs, separating the notion from the individual memory. The collective memory is shared, passed on and also constructed by the group, or modern society. The debate was taken up by Assmann, who wrote Das kulturelle Gedächtnis (The Cultural Memory). ...more on Wikipedia about "Collective memory"
Communicative rationality is a theory or set of theories which try to explain human rationality as necessary outcomes of successful communication. In particular, they are tied to the philosophy of Jürgen Habermas and his program of Universal pragmatics, along with its subtheories, discourse ethics, and rational reconstruction. ...more on Wikipedia about "Communicative rationality"
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