Socioeconomics Socioeconomics The Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare is an economic indicator intended to replace the Gross domestic product.
Rather than simply adding together all expenditure like Gross domestic product. Consumer expenditure is balanced by such factors as income distribution and cost associated with pollution and other economically unsustaining costs. It is similar to the Genuine Progress Indicator.
==Definition==
Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) is roughly defined by the following formula.
ISEW = personal consumption
+ non-defensive public expenditures
- defensive private expenditures
+ capital formation
+ services from domestic labour
- costs of environmental degradation
- depreciation of natural capita ...more on Wikipedia about "Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare"
In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range (IQR) is the difference between the third and first quartiles and is a measure of statistical dispersion. The interquartile range is a more stable statistic than the range, and is often preferred to that statistic. ...more on Wikipedia about "Interquartile range"
Life expectancy is the average number of years remaining for a living being (or the average for a class of living beings) of a given age to live. Life expectancy is also called average life span or mean life span, in particular distinction to maximum life span (the life span of the most long lived members of a class of living beings). ...more on Wikipedia about "Life expectancy"
This is a list of countries by percentage of the population living below poverty line. Only countries for which data is available are listed. ...more on Wikipedia about "List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty"
This is a list of countries by unemployment rate. Unless indicated otherwise, information are mostly based on The World Factbook, as at September 2005, ** . Several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list. It should be noted that statistics are not directly comparable. ...more on Wikipedia about "List of countries by unemployment rate"
Literacy is the ability to read and write. In modern context, the word means reading and writing in a level adequate for written communication and generally a level that enables one to successfully function at certain levels of a society. ...more on Wikipedia about "Literacy"
Longevity is long life or existence. Reflections on longevity have usually gone beyond acknowledging the basic shortness of human life and included thinking about, and conceiving, methods to extend life (indefinitely). Longevity has been a topic not only for the scientific community but also for writers of travel, science fiction and utopian novels. The record human lifespan that has been authenticated is the 122 years 164 days of Jeanne Calment, though fiction, legend, and mythology have proposed or claimed vastly longer lifespans in the past or future and longevity myths frequently allege them to exist in the present. ...more on Wikipedia about "Longevity"
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The Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) is a bilateral development fund announced by the Bush administration in 2002 and created in January, 2004. Through this program, the administration proposed to permanently increase United States foreign aid funding by $5 billion by 2005 through a new government agency, the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). Countries are selected on a competitive basis through a set of 16 indicators designed to measure a country’s effectiveness at ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering enterprise and entrepreneurship. ...more on Wikipedia about "Millennium Challenge Account"
Neofeudalism is a pejorative term used by some critics to describe the policies of various right-wing politicians. The justification is that government policies are allegedly instituted with the specific intent, or at least the effect, of radically increasing the wealth gap between the rich and the poor while increasing the power of the rich and decreasing the power of the poor (also see wealth condensation). This effect is considered to be similar to classical feudalism. ...more on Wikipedia about "Neofeudalism"
The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power law probability distribution found in a large number of real-world situations. Outside the field of economics it is at times referred to as the Bradford distribution. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pareto distribution"
In economics the Pareto index, named after the Italian economist and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, is a measure of the breadth of income distribution. It is one of the parameters specifying a Pareto distribution and embodies the Pareto principle, which was an observation that 20% of the members of Italian society owned 80% of the wealth. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pareto index"
Pareto interpolation is a nonlinear method of interpolation to find the median of a set of data. It is used in economics when analysing income figures. It assumes that the data fits a curve known as the Pareto distribution. ...more on Wikipedia about "Pareto interpolation"
The physical quality-of-life index (PQLI) is an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a country. The value is a single number derived from basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life expectancy at age one, all equally weighted on a 0 to 100 scale. ...more on Wikipedia about "Physical quality-of-life index"
Population health is an approach to health that aims to improve the health of an entire population. One major step in achieving this aim is to reduce health inequities among population groups. Population health seeks to step beyond the individual-level focus of mainstream medicine and public health by addressing a broad range of factors that impact health on a population-level, such as environment, social structure, resource distribution, etc. An important theme in population health is importance of social determinants of health and the relatively minor impact that medicine and healthcare have on improving health overall. ...more on Wikipedia about "Population health"
Poverty is the state of being without the necessities of daily living, often associated with need, hardship and lack of resources across a wide range of circumstances. For some, poverty is a subjective and comparative term; for others, it is moral and evaluative; and for others, scientifically established. The principal uses of the term include: ...more on Wikipedia about "Poverty"
The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. People who have an income below the poverty line have no discretionary disposable income, by definition. ...more on Wikipedia about "Poverty line"
Public economics is the study of the public sector and its influence on the economy and society. ...more on Wikipedia about "Public economics"
In economics, purchasing power refers to the amount of goods and services a given amount of money — or, more generally, liquid assets — can buy. As Adam Smith noted, having money gives one the ability to "command" others' labor, so purchasing power to some extent is power over other people. ...more on Wikipedia about "Purchasing power"
The well-being or quality of life of a population is an important concern in economics and political science. There are many components to well-being. A large part is standard of living, the amount of money and access to goods and services that a person has; these numbers are fairly easily measured. Others like freedom, happiness, art, environmental health, and innovation are far harder to measure. This has created an inevitable imbalance as programs and policies are created to fit the easily available economic numbers while ignoring the other measures, that are very difficult to plan for or assess. ...more on Wikipedia about "Quality of life"
Reading for the Future (or RFF) is an international non-profit organization which encourages literacy and reading through the use of speculative fiction. ...more on Wikipedia about "Reading for the Future"
Receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC analysis) provides tools to select possibly optimal models and to discard suboptimal ones independently from (and prior to specifying) the cost context or the class distribution. ...more on Wikipedia about "ROC analysis"
Shopping is the the purchase of goods and services. ...more on Wikipedia about "Shopping"
Social policy relates to guidelines for the changing, maintenance or creation of living conditions that are conducive to human welfare. Thus social policy is that part of public policy that has to do with social issues such as public access to social programs. In an academic environment, social policy refers to the study of the welfare state and the range of responses to social need. ...more on Wikipedia about "Social policy"
Socioeconomics is the study of the social and economic impacts of any product or service offering, market intervention or other activity on an economy as a whole and on the companies, organisation and individuals who are its main economic actors. These effects can usually be measured in economic and statistical terms, such as growth in the size of the economy, the number of jobs created (or destroyed), or levels of home ownership or Internet penetration; and in measurable social terms such as life expectancy or levels of education. The term was brought to prominence in the late 1980s by the Amitai Etzioni with his book The Moral Dimension. ...more on Wikipedia about "Socioeconomics"
The Standard of living refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people. It is generally measured by real (i.e. inflation adjusted) income per person, although sometimes other measures may be used; examples are access to certain goods (such as number of refrigerators per 1000 people), or measures of health such as life expectancy. ...more on Wikipedia about "Standard of living"
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