Special administrative structures Special administrative structures A business improvement district (BID) (also known as a special improvement district, a business improvement area, or a business revitalization zone) is a public/private sector partnership in which property and business owners of a defined area elect to make a collective contribution to the maintenance, development and marketing/promotion of their commercial district. It is, in some ways, similar to a residential community association, but an appropriate analogy would be that of a suburban shopping mall, from which the idea for BIDs is, itself, modelled. Malls are generally single properties managed by one entity that rents out retail spaces to various tenants. Tenants pay a common maintenance fee to pay for services that enhance the appearance of the mall's common areas and provide cooperative advertising for the mall and its various stores. BIDs operate in much the same way. ...more on Wikipedia about "Business improvement district"
Conservation districts are government entities that help control the use of land and water in U.S. states and insular areas. There are more than 3000 in the United States. Depending on the state, they may also be known as soil and water conservation districts, soil conservation districts, or other similar names. Nationally and within each state, the districts are generally coordinated by non-governmental associations. District borders often coincide with county borders. ...more on Wikipedia about "Conservation district"
The East Bay Regional Park District (EBRPD) is a public authority operating in Alameda County and Contra Costa County, California, within the East Bay area of the San Francisco Bay Area. It maintains and operates a system of regional parks which is the largest urban park district in the United States. ...more on Wikipedia about "East Bay Regional Park District"
Highway Districts were areas in England and Wales united for the maintenance and repair of highways. They were first formed in 1862 and consisted of groupings of civil parishes in rural areas. They were abolished in 1894 when their powers and duties passed to rural district councils. ...more on Wikipedia about "Highway district"
Local Boards or Local Boards of Health were local authorities in urban areas of England and Wales from 1848 to 1894. They were formed in response to cholera epidemics and were given powers to control sewers, clean the streets, regulate slaughterhouses and ensure the proper supply of water to their districts. Local boards were eventually merged with the corporations of municipal boroughs in 1873, or became urban districts in 1894. ...more on Wikipedia about "Local board of health"
The Metropolitan Buildings Office was formed in 1845 to regulate the construction and use of buildings in the metropolitan area of London. Surveyors were empowered to enforce building regulations which sought to improve the standard of houses and business premises, and to regulate activities that might threaten public health. In 1855 the assets, powers and responsibilities of the office passed to the Metropolitan Board of Works. ...more on Wikipedia about "Metropolitan Buildings Office"
The Metropolitan Water Board was founded in 1903 to bring the nine private water companies supplying water to London under a single public body. The members of the board were nominated by the various local authorities within its area of supply. A Royal Commission had reported in 1899 on the need for such controls. ...more on Wikipedia about "Metropolitan Water Board" The shortopedia spirit
The Nassau County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD), located in Nassau County, Florida is a government entity dedicated to encouraging productive use of land, water and air resources in the county. According to a summary taken from Florida Statutes Ch. 582, the Board's powers include conducting surveys, investigations, research and demonstrational projects relating to soil and water conservation (in areas like irrigation, water quality, and soil erosion). ...more on Wikipedia about "Nassau County Soil and Water Conservation District"
A Poor Law Union was a unit used for local government in the United Kingdom from the 19th century. During this time, the administration of the Poor Law was the responsibility of parishes, which varied wildly in their finanicial resources and requirements. The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 allowed parishes to form unions, which would be jointly responsible for the administration and funding of Poor Law in their area. ...more on Wikipedia about "Poor Law Union"
In the United States a port district is a type of special-purpose district formed by residents of an area to create and support economic development within that area. Port districts are generally governed by directly elected commissions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Port district"
A Public Utility District (PUD) is an entity that provides, electricity, natural gas, sewer, waste collection, wholesale telecommunications, water, etc., to the residents of that district. The district is created by a geographical and political body such as a city, county, metropolitan service area (multiple communities joining together for efficiency), etc., for the sole purpose of promoting the development of a designated area by providing a service (of water and sewer, electricity, gas, etc.,) to the members, or consumers, of that district. The PUD operates in the same manner as a Municipal Utility District, but is created by a local government, not a private developer. Normally the districts are nonprofit entities. The general members usually elect a board to run the utility. ...more on Wikipedia about "Public Utility District"
Sanitary Districts were established in England and Wales in 1875 and in Ireland in 1878. The districts were of two types, based on existing structures: ...more on Wikipedia about "Sanitary district"
School districts are a form of special-purpose district in the United States (amongst some other places) which serves to operate the local public primary and secondary schools. ...more on Wikipedia about "School district"
Generally a special-purpose district, also known as a special district, is a type of district differing from general-purpose districts like municipalities, counties, etc., in that they serve a special purpose only. Special-purpose districts provide specialized services only to those persons who live within them and are empowered to tax residents of the district, usually by a property tax but sometimes a sales tax, for the services that they provide. They often cross the lines of towns, villages and hamlets, but rarely cross city or county lines. Districts are created by legislative action or public referendum, and contain a district board which operates the district. The board serves as a district board of directors and is usually elected by popular vote. The Board serves primarily as a legislative board and appoints a chief executive for day to day operations and decision making and policy implementation. It also retains a token judicial function in dealing with employee disciplinary matters. ...more on Wikipedia about "Special-purpose district"
The University of the State of New York (USNY; acronym usually pronounced "USE-nee") is the governmental umbrella organization of the US state of New York which is responsible for most institutions and much of the personnel that are in any way connected to formal educational functions (public and private) in New York State. USNY was established in 1784 to provide oversight to King's College (today known as Columbia University). A Board of Regents oversees USNY. The Board of Regents includes 16 members elected by the New York State Legislature for five-year terms. Twelve of the Regents represent the State's 12 judicial districts (one appointed from each district), and four are at-large. The Regents serve without salary. ...more on Wikipedia about "University of the State of New York"
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