Statistical tests

In statistics, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, named for Charles Spearman and often denoted by the Greek letter ρ (rho), is a non-parametric measure of correlation – that is, it assesses how well an arbitrary monotonic function could describe the relationship between two variables, without making any assumptions about the frequency distribution of the variables. Unlike the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, it does not require the assumption that the relationship between the variables is linear, nor does it require the variables to be measured on interval scales; it can be used for variables measured at the ordinal level. ...more on Wikipedia about "Spearman's rank correlation coefficient"

A t-test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic has a Student's t-distribution if the null hypothesis is true. ...more on Wikipedia about "Student's t-test"

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is a non-parametric alternative to the paired Student's t-test. It should be used whenever the assumptions that underlie the t-test cannot be satisfied. The test is named for Frank Wilcoxon ( 1892– 1965) who proposed this, and the rank-sum test, in 1945. ...more on Wikipedia about "Wilcoxon signed-rank test"

Yates' correction for continuity, or Yates' chi-square test, adjusts the formula for Pearson's chi-square test by subtracting 0.5 from each observed value in a 2 × 2 contingency table. This formula is chiefly used when at least one cell of the table has an expected frequency less than 5. ...more on Wikipedia about "Yates' correction for continuity"

The Z-test is a statistical test used in inference which determines if the difference between a sample mean and the population mean is sufficiently different as to be statistically significant. ...more on Wikipedia about "Z-test"

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