Structuralism Structuralism Claude Lévi-Strauss ( pronounced | ) (born November 28, 1908) is a French anthropologist who became one of the twentieth century's greatest intellectuals by developing structuralism as a method of understanding human society and culture. ...more on Wikipedia about "Claude Lévi-Strauss"
Ferdinand de Saussure's Cours de linguistique générale was published posthumously in 1916 by Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye based on lecture notes. It is generally seen as being the origin of structuralism. Although Saussure was, like his contemporaries, interested in historical linguistics, the Cours develops a theory of semiology that is applicable more generally. ...more on Wikipedia about "Cours de linguistique générale"
For Michel Foucault (1926-84), discontinuity and continuity reflect the flow of history and the fact that some, "things are no longer perceived, described, expressed, characterised, classified, and known in the same way" from one era to the next. (1994). ...more on Wikipedia about "Discontinuity (Postmodernism)"
Ferdinand de Saussure ( November 26, 1857 - February 22, 1913) was a Swiss linguist. ...more on Wikipedia about "Ferdinand de Saussure"
Geneva School refers to the group of linguists based in Geneva who pioneered modern structural linguistics. The most prominent figure of this school was Ferdinand de Saussure. Other important colleagues and students fo Saussure who comrpise this school include Albert Schechaye, Albert Riedlinger and Charles Bally. ...more on Wikipedia about "Geneva School"
Gérard Genette (born 1930) is a French literary theorist, associated in particular with the structuralist movement and such figures as Roland Barthes and Claude Lévi-Strauss, from whom he adapted the concept of bricolage. He is largely responsible for the reintroduction of a rhetorical vocabulary into literary criticism, such terms as trope and metonymy now used as frequently in American universities as those in France; additionally his work on narrative, best known in America through the selection Narrative Discourse: An Essay on Method, has been of considerable importance. His conscious influence in America is not as great as that of Barthes and Lévi-Strauss, as his work is more often included in selections or discussed in secondary works than studied in its own right, but even for those outside of the study of structuralism it is difficult not to encounter terms and techniques originating in his vocabulary and systems. His most important work is the four-part Figures series, of which Narrative Discourse is a section, but he has continued teaching and writing up to this day. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gérard Genette"
Jacques-Marie-Émile Lacan ( April 13, 1901 – September 9, 1981) was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist. His work, like most psychoanalytic work, owes a heavy debt to Sigmund Freud, but also drew from a number of other fields, including linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics. This interdisciplinary focus in his work has led him to be an important figure in many fields beyond psychoanalysis - particularly within critical theory. ...more on Wikipedia about "Jacques Lacan"
Michel Foucault ( October 15, 1926 – June 26, 1984) was a French philosopher who held a chair at the Collège de France, which he gave the title "The History of Systems of Thought." His writings have had an enormous impact on other scholarly work: Foucault's influence extends across the humanities and social sciences, and across many applied and professional areas of study. ...more on Wikipedia about "Michel Foucault"
Mythologies is the title of a book by Roland Barthes (ISBN 0374521506), published in 1957. It is a collection of essays examining the tendency of contemporary social value systems to create modern myths. Barthes also looks at the semiology of the process of myth creation, updating Ferdinand de Saussure's system of sign analysis by adding a second level where signs are elevated to the level of myth. It is considered to be a key antecedent of cultural studies. ...more on Wikipedia about "Mythologies"
The Prague Linguistic Circle founded as Cercle Linguistiqe de Prague or in Czech Pražský lingvistický kroužek became known around the world as the Prague School. Its proponents developed methods of structuralist literary analysis during the years 1928–1939. It has had significant continuing influence on linguistics and semiotics. After WWII, the circle was disbanded but the Prague School continued as a major force in linguistic functionalism (distinct from the Copenhagen school or English Firthian — later Hallidean — linguistics). ...more on Wikipedia about "Prague linguistic circle"
Roland Barthes ( November 12, 1915 – March 25, 1980) was a French literary critic, literary and social theorist, philosopher and semiotician. ...more on Wikipedia about "Roland Barthes"
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