Sun Sun The chromosphere (literally, "color sphere") is a thin layer of the Sun's atmosphere just above the photosphere, roughly 10,000 kilometers deep (approximating to, if a little less than, the diameter of the Earth). The chromosphere is more visually transparent than the photosphere. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chromosphere"
In astronomy, a corona is the luminous plasma " atmosphere" of the Sun or other celestial body, extending millions of kilometres into space, most easily seen during a total solar eclipse, but also observable in a coronagraph. ...more on Wikipedia about "Corona"
Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the earth's surface after having been scattered from the direct solar beam by molecules or suspensoids in the atmosphere. Also called skylight, diffuse skylight, or sky radiation. Of the total light removed from the direct solar beam by scattering in the atmosphere (approximately 25 percent of the incident radiation), about two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse sky radiation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Diffuse sky radiation"
The faint young sun paradox describes the apparent contradiction between observations of liquid water early in Earth's history and the astrophysical expectation that the sun's output would be only 70% as intense during that epoch as it is during the modern epoch. ...more on Wikipedia about "Faint young sun paradox"
Granules on the photosphere of the Sun are caused by convection currents of plasma within the Sun's convective zone. The grainy appearance of the solar photosphere is produced by the tops of these convective cells and is called granulation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Granule (solar physics)"
In astronomy, the heliopause is the boundary where the Sun's solar wind is stopped by the interstellar medium. ...more on Wikipedia about "Heliopause"
Helioseismology is the study of the propagation of pressure waves in the Sun. These waves are generated by the turbulence in the convection zone, near the surface of the sun, and certain frequencies are amplified by constructive interference. In other words, the turbulence "rings" the sun like a bell. The acoustic waves are transmitted to the outer photosphere of the sun, which is where the light emitted by the sun is generated. The acoustic oscillations are detectable on almost any time series of solar images, but are best observed by measuring the doppler shift of photospheric emission lines. Changes in the propagation of pressure waves through the Sun reveal inner structures and allows astrophysicists to develop extremely detailed profiles of the interior conditions of the Sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Helioseismology"
The heliosphere is a bubble in space produced by the solar wind. Although electrically neutral atoms from interstellar space can penetrate this bubble, virtually all of the material in the heliosphere emanates from the Sun itself. ...more on Wikipedia about "Heliosphere"
A Heliostat is a device that tracks the movement of the sun. It is typically used to orient a mirror, throughout the day, to reflect sunlight in a consistent direction. When coupled together in sufficient quantities, the reflected sunlight from the heliostats can generate an enormous amount of heat if all are oriented towards the same target. It was originally developed as an instrument for use in surveying, allowing the accurate observation of a known point from a distance. ...more on Wikipedia about "Heliostat"
Nevada Solar One will be the third largest solar power plant in the world, generating 64MW. Nevada Solar One is unrelated to Solar One, aside from having a similar name. Nevada Solar One is being built in Boulder City, Nevada by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and Solargenix Energy. ...more on Wikipedia about "Nevada Solar One"
The Parker spiral is the shape of the Sun's extended magnetic field as it extends through the solar system. Unlike the familiar shape of the field from a bar magnet, the Sun's extended field is twisted into an arithmetic spiral by the influence of the solar wind and magnetohydrodynamics. The shape is named after Eugene Parker , who predicted the solar wind and many of its associated phenomena in the 1950s. ...more on Wikipedia about "Parker spiral"
The photosphere of an astronomical object is the region at which the optical depth becomes one. In other words, the photosphere is the place where an object stops being transparent. It is typically used to describe the Sun or another star. Because stars are large balls of gas, they have no solid surface. However, there is a depth at which the gas stops being transparent to photons, and this depth provides a visual surface to the star. ...more on Wikipedia about "Photosphere"
Samson or Shimshon (שִׁמְשׁוֹן "Of the sun" (perhaps proclaiming he was radiant and mighty) or "[One who] Serves [God]", Standard Hebrew Šimšon, Tiberian Hebrew Šimšôn) is the third to last of the Judges of the ancient Children of Israel mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. He is described in the Book of Judges in chapters 13 to 16. ...more on Wikipedia about "Samson"
Sol is the name or personification of the Sun (in Latin), and can also refer to sunlight, sunbeam, or east (the direction where the Sun rises). The Latin name is widely known, but not common in general English language usage --though the related adjective solar is more common. 'Sol' is more frequently used in science fiction writing, as a formal name for the specific star, perhaps to avoid supposed geocentric associations of the Anglo-Saxon derived word Sun (sunne). By extension, the Solar System is often referred to in science fiction as the "Sol System". ...more on Wikipedia about "Sol"
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The solar azimuth angle is the azimuth angle of the sun. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar azimuth angle"
A solar barge (also solar bark, solar boat, sun boat) is a mythological representation of the sun riding in a boat. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar barge"
The solar constant is the amount of incoming solar radiation per unit area, measured on the outer surface of Earth's atmosphere, in a plane perpendicular to the rays. It is measured by satellite to be roughly 1366 watts per square metre. Thus, for the whole Earth, with a cross section of 127,400,000 km², the power is 1.740×10 W. The solar constant is not quite constant; see solar variation. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar constant"
(Solar deity) :Sun god redirects here. For other uses, see Sun God (statue) ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar deity"
The solar luminosity, , is a unit of luminosity ( power emitted in the form of photons) conventionally used by astronomers to give the luminosities of stars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar luminosity"
In astronomy, the solar mass is a unit of mass used to express the mass of stars and larger objects such as galaxies. It is equal to the mass of the Sun, about two nonillion kilograms. Its value and conventional symbol are: ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar mass"
In cosmogony, the solar nebula is the gaseous cloud (or accretion disc) from which our solar system is believed to have formed. This nebular hypothesis was first proposed in 1755 by Immanuel Kant, who argued that nebulae slowly rotate, gradually condensing and flattening due to gravity, eventually forming stars and planets. A similar model was proposed in 1796 by Pierre-Simon Laplace. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar nebula"
The solar neutrino problem was a major discrepancy between measurements of the neutrinos flowing through the Earth and theoretical models of the solar interior, lasting from the mid- 1960s to about 2002. The discrepancy has since been resolved by new understanding of neutrino physics, requiring a modification of the Standard Model of particle physics. Essentially, if neutrinos do have mass, then they can change from the type that had been expected to be produced in the sun's interior into a type that would not be caught by the detectors in use at the time. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar neutrino problem"
Solar One is a pilot solar-thermal project in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar One"
Solar power describes a number of methods of harnessing energy from the light of the Sun. It has been present in many traditional building methods for centuries, but has become of increasing interest in developed countries as the environmental costs and limited supply of other power sources such as fossil fuels are realized. It is already in widespread use where other power supplies are absent, such as in remote locations and in space. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar power"
A solar prominence is a large bright feature located in the solar corona. While the corona consists of extremely hot ionized gasses, known as plasma, which do not emit much visible light, prominences contain much cooler plasma, similar in composition to that of the chromosphere. A prominence forms over timescales of about a day, and may persist in the corona for several weeks. Many prominences break apart and give rise to coronal mass ejections. ...more on Wikipedia about "Solar prominence"
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