Supersymmetry

((-1)^F) In a quantum field theory with fermions, (−1)^F is a unitary, Hermitian, involutive operator which multiplies bosonic states by 1 and fermionic states by −1. This is always a global internal symmetry of any quantum field theory with fermions and corresponds to a rotation by 2π. This splits the Hilbert space into two superselection sectors. Bosonic operators commute with (−1)^F whereas fermionic operators anticommute with it. ...more on Wikipedia about "(-1)^F"

In mathematical physics, a Berezin integral is an integral over a Grassmann variable. It is defined by the rules ...more on Wikipedia about "Berezin integral"

The chargino is a hypothetical supersymmetric particle. It refers to the mass eigenstates of a charged superpartner, i.e. any new electrically charged fermion (with spin 1/2) predicted by supersymmetry. They are linear combinations of the Wino and charged higgsinos. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chargino"

In theoretical physics, one often analyzes theories with supersymmetry in which chiral superfields play an important role. In four dimensions, the minimal N=1 supersymmetry may be written using a superspace. This superspace involves four extra fermionic coordinates $\theta^1,\theta^2,\bar\theta^1,\bar\theta^2$ , transforming as a two-component spinor and its conjugate. ...more on Wikipedia about "Chiral superfield"

In theoretical physics, the Coleman-Mandula theorem, named after Sidney Coleman and Jeffrey Mandula, is a no-go theorem that states that the only conserved quantities except for the generators of the Poincare group in a "realistic" theory with a mass gap must always be Lorentz scalars. ...more on Wikipedia about "Coleman-Mandula theorem"

In theoretical physics, one often analyzes theories with supersymmetry in which D-terms play an important role. In four dimensions, the minimal N=1 supersymmetry may be written using a superspace. This superspace involves four extra fermionic coordinates $\theta^1,\theta^2,\bar\theta^1,\bar\theta^2$ , transforming as a two-component spinor and its conjugate. ...more on Wikipedia about "D-term"

In theoretical physics, dilaton originally referred to a theoretical scalar field; as a photon refers in one sense to the electromagnetic field. For the dilaton, also known as the radion or graviscalar, it is the scalar field which appears in Kaluza-Klein theory—as the component ...more on Wikipedia about "Dilaton" This text is made for www.shortopedia.com

In theoretical physics, extended supersymmetry is supersymmetry whose infinitesimal generators $Q_i^\alpha$ carry not only a spinor index $\alpha$ , but also an additional index $i=1,2 \dots M$ where $M$ is integer (such as 2 or 4). ...more on Wikipedia about "Extended supersymmetry"

In theoretical physics, one often analyzes theories with supersymmetry in which F-terms play an important role. In four dimensions, the minimal N=1 supersymmetry may be written using a superspace. This superspace involves four extra fermionic coordinates $\theta^1,\theta^2,\bar\theta^1,\bar\theta^2$ , transforming as a two-component spinor and its conjugate. ...more on Wikipedia about "F-term"

In theoretical physics, fractional supersymmetry is a generalization of the notion of supersymmetry in which the minimal positive amount of spin does not have to be $1/2$ but can be an arbitrary $1/N$ for integer value of N. Such a generalization is possible in two or less spacetime dimensions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Fractional supersymmetry"

In particle physics, a gaugino is the hypothetical superpartner of a gauge boson, as predicted by gauge theory combined with supersymmetry. They are fermions. ...more on Wikipedia about "Gaugino"

In mathematics, a graded vector space is a vector space with an extra piece of structure, known as a grading. ...more on Wikipedia about "Graded vector space"

Grassmann numbers, also called Grassmann variables, named after Hermann Grassmann are the anticommutating elements of a Grassmann algebra. They can be thought of coordinates in a new kind of superspace which includes normal coordinates that are multiplied using: ...more on Wikipedia about "Grassmann number"

In mathematical physics, a Grassmann variable or an anticommuting variable $a_i$ , named after Hermann Grassmann, is formally a variable that anticommutes with other Grassmann variables but commutes with ordinary variables $b_j$ : ...more on Wikipedia about "Grassmann variable" www.shortopedia.com Dreamteam.

In theoretical physics, a graviphoton is a hypothetical particle that emerges as an excitation of the metric tensor (i.e. gravitational field) but whose physical properties are virtually indistinguishable from a photon, as shown in Kaluza-Klein theory. The electromagnetic potential $A_\mu$ comes from a component of the metric tensor $g_{\mu 5}$ where the figure 5 labels an additional, fifth dimension. ...more on Wikipedia about "Graviphoton"

In theoretical physics, a graviscalar is a hypothetical particle that emerges as an excitation of the metric tensor (i.e. gravitational field) but whose physical properties are virtually indistinguishable from a scalar, as shown in Kaluza-Klein theory. The new scalar field $\phi$ comes from a component of the metric tensor $g_{55}$ where the figure 5 labels an additional, fifth dimension. ...more on Wikipedia about "Graviscalar"

In particle physics, a higgsino is the hypothetical superpartner of the Higgs boson, as predicted by supersymmetry. The higgsino is a Dirac fermion and that is a weak isodoublet with hypercharge half under the Standard Model gauge symmetries. After electroweak symmetry breaking the Higgsino become a pair of neutral Majorana fermions called neutralinos and a charged Dirac fermion called a chargino. These states mix with the neutralinos and charginos from the bino and wino. A linear combination of the higgsino, bino and wino make up the lightest supersymmetric particle, lsp which is a particle physics candidate for the dark matter of the universe. ...more on Wikipedia about "Higgsino"

Killing spinor is a term used in mathematics and physics. By the more narrow definition, commonly used in mathematics, the term Killing spinor indicates those twistor ...more on Wikipedia about "Killing spinor"

In mathematics, a Lie superalgebra is generalisation of a Lie algebra to include a Z₂- grading. Lie superalgebras are important in theoretical physics where they are used to describe the mathematics of supersymmetry. In most of these theories, the even elements of the superalgebra correspond to bosons and odd elements to fermions (but this is not always true; for example, the BRST supersymmetry is the other way around). ...more on Wikipedia about "Lie superalgebra"

The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is the minimal extension to the Standard Model that realizes supersymmetry (other nonminimal extensions also exist). The MSSM imposes R-parity to explain the stability of the proton. It adds supersymmetry breaking by introducing explicit soft supersymmetry breaking operators into the Lagrangian that is communciated to it by some unknown (and unspecified) dynamics. This means that there are 120 new parameters in the MSSM. Most of these parameters lead to unnacceptable phenomenology such aslarge flavor changing neutral currents or large electric dipole moments for the neutron and electron. To avoid these problems, the MSSM takes all of the soft susy breaking to be diagonal in flavor space and for all of the new CP violating phases to vanish. ...more on Wikipedia about "Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model"

The second superstring revolution was the intense wave of breakthroughs in string theory that took place approximately between 1994 and 1997. ...more on Wikipedia about "Second superstring revolution"

In quantum field theory, the Seiberg duality, discovered by Nathan Seiberg, is an S-duality relating two different supersymmetric QCDs. In particular, it relates an N=1 theory with SU(N_c) as the gauge group and N_f flavors of fundamental chiral multiplets and N_f flavors of antifundamental chiral multiplets in the chiral limit (no bare masses) with an N=1 chiral QCD with N_f-N_c colors and N_f flavors where N_c and N_f are positive integers satisfying ${1\over 3}N_f < N_c < {2\over 3}N_f$ . Being an S-duality, it relates the strong coupling regime with the weak coupling regime and interchanges chromoelectric fields with chromomagnetic fields and chromoelectric charges with chromo magnetic monopoles. In particular, the Higgs phase is dual to the confinement phase as in the dual superconducting model. ...more on Wikipedia about "Seiberg duality"

In theoretical physics, Seiberg-Witten gauge theory refers to a set of calculations that determine the low-energy physics -- namely the moduli space and the masses of electrically and magnetically charged supersymmetric particles as a function of the moduli space. ...more on Wikipedia about "Seiberg-Witten gauge theory"

In theoretical physics, soft SUSY breaking is a supersymmetry breaking by the special kind of terms that do not invalidate certain desirable features of supersymmetry, such as the Bose- Fermi cancellation of the ultraviolet divergences contributing to the mass of the Higgs boson. ...more on Wikipedia about "Soft SUSY breaking"

In particle physics, split supersymmetry is a recent proposal for new physics beyond the Standard Model. It was proposed separately in three papers. The first by James Wells in June 2003 in a more modest form that mildly relaxed the assumption about naturalness in the Higgs potential. In May 2004 Nima Arkani-Hamed and Savas Dimopoulos argued that naturalness in the Higgs sector may not be an accurate guide to propose new physics beyond the Standard Model and argued that supersymmetry may be realized in a different fashion that preserved gauge coupling unification and has a dark matter candidate. In June 2004 Gian Giudice and Andrea Romanino argued from a general point of view that if one wants gauge coupling unification and a dark matter candidate, that split supersymmetry is one amonst a few theories that exists. ...more on Wikipedia about "Split supersymmetry" Enjoy http://www.shortopedia.com.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the Wikipedia . Direct links to the original articles are in the text.
If you use exact copy or modified of this article you should preserve above paragraph and put also : It uses material from the Shortopedia article about "Supersymmetry".

MAIN PAGE MAIN INDEX CONTACT US